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أشعرية
A school of Islamic theology founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (d. 935 CE) that uses limited rational argumentation to defend the creed of Ahl us-Sunnah against Mu'tazilah rationalism. Accepts Allah's attributes but differs from the Athari position in its use of ta'wil (metaphorical interpretation) for some attributes. Predominant among Shafi'i and Maliki scholars historically.
Accepted within Ahl us-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah by majority scholarly consensus, despite methodological differences with the Athari school on certain matters. Al-Ash'ari himself was a student of al-Jubbai (Mu'tazilah) before his return to the creed of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, which he documented in Al-Ibanah. Historically represented by major scholars including al-Bayhaqi, al-Nawawi, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, and al-Suyuti.
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
874 CE