Part 17

The Islamic method was to limit the ways in which slaves could be taken to only one - jihaad (lawful warfare), while at the same time imposing conditions under which a slave must be freed and encouraging the freeing of believing slaves as an act of worship which brings one closer to Allah. Mistreatment of slaves was strictly prohibited and they were always entitled to respect as human beings. These guidelines protecting slaves are still applicable today. (*117)The previous sayings related to Maalik were quoted from Ibnul-Jowzi's Talbees Ibless, p. 229. (*118)Al-Jaami'li Ahkaamil Quraan, vol. 14, p. 55. (*119)Ibid., vol. 14, p. 54. (*120)He was born 150 H. in Gazzah in Palestine. He died and was buried in Cairo, 204 H. Details of his life and works are chronicled in Al-Bayhaqi's Manaaqibush Shaafi'ee. (*121)See Al-Qurtubi's tafseer, vol. 14, p. 55 and Ibnul-Jowzi's Talbees Iblees, p. 231. Also refer to footnote no. 111. (*122)See 'Ownul Ma'bood, vol. 13, p. 274. (*123)Designates the carcass of the animal which has not been slaughetered in a manner acceptable to the Shariah, but has died in a manner rendering it unlawful for food, such as dying from a disease, accident, naturally or by being hit by a blow, etc. However, the skin of such an animal may be used after proper curing. (*124)Kaffur Ra'aa, p. 61. (*125)Talbees Iblees, pp. 230-231. A sample of such scholars along with a refutation of their position will follow in the next section of this work. (*126)He was born in Baghdad, 164 H. and died there in 241 H. See the excellent biography of his life as narrated by Ibnul-Jowzi in his Manaaqib Al-Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal. (*127)In Arabic these are called qasaaiduz zuhd. (*128)"Singing" here means without musical accompanient. (*129)Indicates a change in the state of mind or disposition of a person who appears "overcome" by the mention (dhikr) of God in supplication (dua) performed in a humble, humiliating stance. Those who partake in this experience of being "overcome" are moved to extreme delight or grief by the manner in which such poetry is delivered. It is usually delivered in an affected, throbbing style which moves them to dance and gyrate to the beat and melody of such rythmic poems. Because of this "change" (taghyeer) which overcomes them, they were called al-mughayyarah. Refer to Talbees Iblees, p. 330. (*130)Talbees Iblees, p. 228. (*131)All of these scholars, including Ahmad, did not mind a certain type of chanting, singing and recitation of poetry or stories, etc. without musical accompanient or other prohibited aspects. (*132)Refer to footnote no. 116. (*133)The loss incurred by selling the slave girl not as singer but as an ordinary worker. (*134)This statement was made during the 6th century of the Islamic era. Therefore, what could be said of what we hear and see of music and singing today! (*135)Talbees Iblees, pp. 228-229. (*136)Other than the simple hand drum known as the daff, because of authentic hadeeths allowing it on specific occasions as an exception to the general rule of prohibition. (*137)Quoted from Ibn Taymiyyah's Majmoo'ul Fataawa, vol. 11, p. 576. (*138)From the first and second century of the Islamic era. (*139)See p. 55, vol. 14 of Al-Qurtubi's Al-Jaami'. (*140)Refer to the section under the title, "The Position of the Companions on this Issue." (*141)See the preceding section, entitled "Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal," for details. (*142)Who died in the year 456 of the Islamic calendar. (*143)He lived during the years 435-532 of the Hijrah. (*144)He was born in the year 450 H. and died in 505 H. (*145)Refer to the section on the sunnah, entitled "The Traditions and their Degree of Authenticity: The Narration of Al-Bukhaari." (*146)Refer to the whole of the section, entitled "A Critical Analysis of the hadith Literature" (on the issue of the ruling regarding music). (*147)surah An-Nisaa, 4:65. (*148)Such as Yoosuf Qardaawi in his Al-Halaal wal Haraam Fil Islam, pp. 292-293. (*149)See Ibnul-Qayyim's Madaarijus Saalikeen, p. 493. (*150)Other than that permitted by the texts of the authentic sunnah, namely the small hand drum (daff). (*151)Authentically related by Imam Al-Bukhaari. (*152)Authentically related by Ahmad and Ibn Khuzaymah. (*153)The science outlining a methodology whereby a legal ruling issue may be derived, based upon the texts of the Quran and sunnah, or upon principles extracted from these two texts. (*154)Imam Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ani Bakr (691-751 H.), popularly known as Ibn Qayimmil Jowziyyah. He was one of the most erudite scholars of the Quraanic and hadith sciences and mujtahid in his own right. He was the most brilliant of the many disciples of Shaykhul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah. (*156)They claim that dancing, singing and music raise their "spiritual conciousness" and elevate them to a higher "mystical level", thus bringing them nearer to the divine presence!!