2. Kufr Juhood w 'Itiqaad (unbelief by rejection and belief) [;~G~)1

A major form ofKufr, the commission ofwhich does result in the expulsion from the religion. Furthermore - Kufr perpetrated in 'Amal (action) is categorised in accordance to that which negates Imaan (faith) and that which does not. Hence, the act of prostrating to an idol, scorning and ridiculing the Quran, killing the Prophet(s) and abusing him are all actions which negate one's Imaan. In relation to ruling by other than that which Allah has revealed and abandoning the prayer: These are deemed absolute Kufr in action [only]. Never-the-less this general principle contains a certain consideration: Perhaps the action may be deemed Kufr 'Itiqadeeyah (belief). This may occur if a connection exists between the action of Kufr and the presence ofa corrupt 'Aqeedah (Creed). For example: The individual who ridicules the prayer and those who offer the prayer, and his preference to be killed rather than pray ifthe ruler invites him to the prayer. Kufr Juhood w 'Itiqaad (unbelief by rejection and belief): An individual disbelieves in that which he knows is from the Messenger (rl-) ~ ;;.\ J-), inspired by Allah the Most High. [Including] the act of rejecting the Names of the Lord, His Attributes, His Actions and His Rulings, which form the fundamental essence of His Oneness (tawhid). [In addition] a rejection of His worship alone, without an associate, see (Usool w Dhawaabitfee al-Takfeer, Shaykh 'Abd al-Lateef ibn'AbdurRahman ibn Hasan Aala al-Shaykh, p.36). Hence, Kufr is deemed an attribute ofthe one who rejects any matter from amongst those that Allah the Most High has commanded faith upon, after the establishment of the proof, and the arrival ofthe truth [to the individual concerned], see (Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmoo al-Fataawa, (18­ 19/4). Al-'Allamah al-Qur'anee Muhammad aI-Ameen al-Shanqeetee (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned:

-- -- -- An explanation of Riyadh al-Saliheen fromthewords of the Masterof the Messengers AI-Kufr: Either it is [deemed] Kufr Doona (inferior to) Kufr, or perhaps it has been performed because [that action] has been considered lawful. Or the intention has been to reject the rulings of Allah, refuting them with knowledge of them. In relation to the one who rules by other than that which Allah has revealed: [Perhaps] he is aware that he is committing a sin and an evil action. Indeed his desires have impelled him to do this, he is from amongst the disobedient Muslims, see (Adhwaa al-Bayan, 104/2). [He continued (may Allah have mercy upon him)] [Hence], the one who does not rule by that which Allah has revealed, believing that he is perpetrating a sin, and an evil action: His Kufr, injustice, and transgression is not one which shall exclude him from the religion. Shaykh al-Islaam (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned: The People ofHadeeth, the Jurists from amongst the Malakeeyah, Shaofi'eeyah, Hanbaleeyah, the general Soofeeyah, groups from the People of Kalaam (Creed), from amongst those who adhere to the Sunnah and those who do not adhere to the Sunnah, associated to the Mu'tazilah, Khawaarij etc.: Are all in agreement that the one who does not believe [in a certain matter] after the establishment of the proof [by means of the] Revelation, is an unbeliever, see (Majmoo al­ Fatawaa, 86-87/20). (B) AI-Imam Al-Tahaawee mentioned: " }/ "" " ",,,. " ..-: } ;,w.' '.:l~) . \:.~I'- . ')~'f ~~ t:~j,~\ \'..i' . '),j .~') ---.T-' --.,).- c::~ J _ .\- ,.' ._._ IT --..t. ~ J We do not charge any individual from [amongst] the 'People of the Qiblah' with unbelief [due to the commission of] a sin, which he has not [deemed] to be lawful. We do not say that a sin shall not harm the Imaan of the one who committed it. Never-the-Iess certain matters of confusion remain, mentioned from the words of AI-Shaykh AI-Tahaawee (may Allah have mercy upon him): The Legislator has indeed designated [the commission] of certain sins to be Ku!r. Allah stated: /. .......J.......J, ., " " ~ 0J~~\~~.Ji;-UI\J)it:r?JJ' Whosoever does not rule by that which Allah has revealed, such are the unbelievers [Surah al-Mai'dah : Ayah 44]. The Prophet (~J ~';;'I ,}-) said: .J J/ } • * 9·~tJ ~ ~ . ..l:~~\~L* ~. ~ ~r;-- "­ Abusing a Muslim is sinful, fighting [against] him is unbelief. Collected: al-Bukhari (46), Kitab al-Imaan. An explanation of Riyadha1-Saliheen fromthe wordsof the Masterof the Messengers He stated (.-J-J <# ;', J-): ,. ~ ~~ // * . '/~\:; .'\:fJ\:,t'\)l. ;. . ,,- Ifan individual charges his brother with unbelief, indeed it returns to one of them. Collected: al-Bukhari(5638), Kitab al-Adab. "....... oJ". ,. // , "",. ,. // ,. " ",. /' .1 /' ~~ -/ ~W1( . ~~~t(- ~~~~ .N (al1>'W~/ .'(~~ -<' .A"'i. .J. _~ <:» /-/ -f-. /-/ -..fJ / / -..> /-~-..fC! /' /' ,. ",.",. ",. ,,; ///",. ,. J ",. .;';~I>\)r,~/.~<~\S.\~r,~"£$~\~r,01>~j\\~1 ". ".,. ",. Whosoever assumes the [following] four [characteristics] shall be [deemed] a pure hypocrite, and whosoever assumes one of the following four characteristics will have one attribute of hypocrisy until he abandons it: