Fadalah bin 'Ubaid

Fadalah ibn Ubaid al-Ansari al-Khazraji, may Allah be pleased with him, was a companion of the Prophet ﷺ from the Ansar of Medina who participated in the Islamic conquests and served in judicial and administrative roles under the early caliphate. He was appointed as a judge in Damascus and later as governor under Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, positions that reflect the trust placed in him for his knowledge and fairness. He narrated hadiths from the Prophet ﷺ on a range of topics including prayer and supplication, the proper conduct of the believer, and eschatological matters. He is known for transmitting the hadith about the Muslim who dies owing a debt — that the Prophet ﷺ would pray over all martyred companions but not over those who died in debt until someone guaranteed payment, highlighting the gravity of debt in Islam. His narrations appear in the Sunan of Abu Dawud, al-Nasai, al-Tirmidhi, and in Sahih Muslim. He was known for his piety and judicial wisdom. He passed away in Syria around 53 AH.