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Six centuries of Islamic governance: from Osman I to the fall. The last caliphate and its impact on the Muslim world.
The Umayyad dynasty's role in spreading Islam from Spain to Central Asia and its contributions to architecture, administration, and Arabic language.
...e became legendary, and whose reign saw massive territorial expansion.
The first hereditary Islamic dynasty that expanded Muslim rule from Spain to Central Asia and established Arabic as the language of governance.
...t delegations to Madinah to accept Islam, marking the rapid expansion after the Conquest of Makkah.