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...itary outcomes of the medieval period, blocking the further expansion of Islamic political authority into southeastern Europe alo...
... Arab forces at the Battle of the Pass (112–114 AH) checked expansion into the Caucasus, and the continued discrimination against...
...entral Asia, the battle reflected the limits of sustainable expansion at overextended frontiers.
...hurasan pursued contradictory policies: aggressive military expansion into Transoxiana (the lands beyond the Oxus River), bringin...
...lat al-Shuhada (Plain of the Martyrs), halted the northward expansion of Muslim forces into the Frankish heartland. Abd al-Rahman...
...ficant turning point in history: it halted Chinese westward expansion and secured Central Asia for Islam, which continues to this...
...battle, ending the seemingly unstoppable momentum of Mongol expansion. The Mongols had sacked Baghdad (1258), Damascus (1260), an...
... conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), temporarily derailing Ottoman expansion. Timur had been building his own empire in Central Asia and...
...f Vienna in 1683 was the decisive defeat that ended Ottoman expansion into Central Europe and marked the beginning of the long Ot...
...ce in 1386, representing one of the few setbacks in Ottoman expansion in the Balkans during this period. The Ottoman forces, cons...
...d the most significant Ottoman naval defeat, ending Ottoman expansion in the western Mediterranean. The Holy League assembled a f...
...stern Mediterranean was crippled, opening the sea to Muslim expansion. This battle is considered one of the most consequential na...
Umar's decade as caliph saw the greatest territorial expansion in Islamic history. He conquered the Sassanid Empire, took ...
...the Talas River in Central Asia. This battle halted Chinese expansion westward and secured Central Asia as part of the Muslim wor...
...ve victory opened Anatolia to Turkish settlement and Muslim expansion.
...ent besieged Vienna, marking the furthest extent of Ottoman expansion into Central Europe. Though the siege was unsuccessful due ...
...Shamil led decades-long resistance against Russian imperial expansion in the Caucasus, uniting Muslim peoples under a Sharia-base...
...ed the kingdom into a major world power and enabled massive expansion of the Haramain.
Saudi Arabia began the first of several massive expansions of the Grand Mosque in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in M...
The Saudi government undertook massive expansions of Masjid al-Haram in Mecca and Masjid al-Nabawi in Medina...