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...(juristic preference). Predominant in Turkey, Central Asia, South Asia, the Balkans, and historically in the Ottoman Caliphate.
...y Imam al-Shafi'i in his al-Risalah (c. 820 CE). Emerged in South Asian reformist movements in the late 19th century and has sprea...
...f Baghdad. Has tens of millions of followers across Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East. The order emphasizes the practice of ...
...din Chishti (d. 1236 CE). One of the most popular orders in South Asia, known for the use of qawwali (devotional music) as a spiri...
A reformist movement that emerged in 19th-century South Asia, closely paralleling the Salafi movement and sharing its co...
... practices it considers bid'ah. Has significant presence in South Asia, the UK, and South Africa.