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...a. The fragmented state of the Muslim world — with Seljuks, Fatimids, and local emirs in competition — meant there was no unifie...
...Egypt and founding Cairo in 969 CE. Despite being Shia, the Fatimids generally tolerated Sunni scholarship and built al-Azhar mo...
...s planned as a royal enclave and administrative center. The Fatimids later founded al-Azhar mosque and university there, which b...
Al-Azhar mosque in Cairo, founded by the Fatimids in 970 CE, began functioning as a university, making it one...