. J= d,.

... ,,, j ~ d J J \ ~ l ( g The Mu'mineen who sit back without excuse cannot be equal to those who strive in Allaah's way (for Allaahlrpleasure) with their wealth and their lives. Allaah has elevated the stages (status) of those who strive in T H E LIVES OF THE SRHABAH @!%%j' (Vol-I) His way with their wealth and lives over those who sit back. Allaah has promised the Most Beautiful I/annah) for each of them (the Mu'mineen who strive as well as those who do not). (However,) Allaah has preferred (increased the rewards for) those who strive over those who sit back (without an excuse) by granting thfm a tremendous reward (in the form 09 many ranks (above the rest), forgiveness and mercy from Him. Allaah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. {Surah Nisaa, verses 95,96) However, (they realised that the compulsion still stood when) the following verse was then revealed: Indeed those whose lives the angels seize (take away) while they oppress themselves (by not making Hijrah when it became compulsory for them despite the ability to do so), they (the angels) say to them, "What was your condition?" They reply, 'We were oppressed (heJpIess) on earth." They (the angels) say, "Was Allaah's land not vast enough for you to make Hijrah in it?" The abode of such folk is Jahannam, and it is the worst of destinations. {Surah Nisaa, verse 97) The Muslims then said, "This verse is certainly quaking (sounds a fearful warning)." Allaah then revealed the following verses (which exempted those Muslims with physical disabilities): Uahannam will be the abode of aff such people) Except for those oppressed (helpless) men, women and children who were unable to devise a plan (do not have the means to make Hijrh) and do not know the road (to a betterplace). These are the ones for whom it is hoped that Allaah forgives them. Allaah is Most Pardoning, Most Forgiving. He who makes Hijrah in Allaah's way (for NlaahS pleasure) shall find on earth many places to emigrate to and abundance (of food and other means). {Surah Nisaa, verses 98100) After this verse was revealed, Hadhrat Dhamra bin Ees Bw who was a wealthy blind man from the Banu Layth tribe said, "Although I am blind, I am still able to devise a plan (to make Hijrah) for I have wealth and slaves." He then gave instructions that he should be put on to his mount. He was then very ill and when he was put on to his conveyance, he travelled very slowly. However, he passed away when he reached Tan'eem and is buried by the Masjid 'at Tan'eem.

THE LIVES OF THE SAWAH i"Lf$%%!% (v~vol-1) With special reference to him, the following verse of the Qur'aan was revealed: Whoever leaves his hoMe to make Hijrah towards (a place where he can fulfil the commands 09 Allaah and His Rasool@%$ and then death finds him (en route), without doubt his reward is assured (set aside) by Allaah. Allaah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. {Surah Nisaa, verse Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas ~,@iGj narrates that when Hadhrat Dhamra bin Jundub ",' "'F " $&&+ left his house to make Hijrah, he told his family members, "Put me on my mount. Remove me from the land of the Mushrikeen and take me to Rasulullaah w." However, he passed away en route before reaching Rasulullaah @?@. It was then that the following verse of the Qur'aan was revealed: Whoever leaves his home to make Hijrah towards (a place where he can fulfil the commands 09 Allaah and His Rasool @% and then death finds him (en route), without doubt his reward is assured (set aside) by Allaah. Allaah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. {Surah Nisaa, verse The Hijrah of Hadhrat Waathila bin Asqa %W!&3 Hadhrat Waathila bin Asqa B,G= narrates that he left home with the intention ' of accepting Islaam and came to Rasulullaah @%. Since Rasulullaah @% was leading the salaah at the time, he joined the rows at back and performed salaah with the Sahabah P-. After completing the salaah, Rasulullaah @% went to Hadhrat Waathila %3GbM at the back and asked him what it was that he wanted. When he replied that he intended accepting Islaam, Rasulullaah @% said, "That is best for you." Rasulullaah k$& then asked him whether he intended making Hijrah. When he replied in the affirmative, Rasulullaah @% asked, "will it be a Hijrah Baadi or a Hijrah Baati?" "Which is better?" asked Hadhrat Waathila +=. "The Hijrah Baati," replied Rasulullaah k$&. Rasulullaah @% then went on to explain, "The Hijrah Baati is that you live with Rasulullaah @@ (in Madinah) while the Hijrah Baadi is that you return to your locality. (In any event) You will be required to obey (my commands and the commands of Allaah) in conditions of ease and adversity, whether you are willing or not and even though others are given preference over you." After Hadhrat Waathila ~,!%!G had agreed, Rasulullaah @%% stretched out his hand and Hadhrat Waathila %%%ZG stretched out his hand (to pledged allegiance). When Rasulullaah @%% saw that Hadhrat Waathila B,- was not going to make any exceptions to the pledge, Rasulullaah @% prompted him to add, "As far as I am able." Hadhrat Waathila %3,w added, "As far as I am able." Rasulullaah then took his ( 1 ) Firyaabi, Ibn Mandah and Ibn Abi Haatim as quoted in Isaaba (Vo1.2 Pg.212). (2) Abu Ya'la, from reliable sources as confirmed by Haythami (Vo1.7 Pg. 10). THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH m,@&@& (Val-I) hand (so that he could pledge his allegiance). The Hijrah of the Banu Sulaym Tribe Hadhrat Salama bin Akwa BIZw narrates that when the Banu Sulaym tribe were affected by an epidemic, Rasulullaah @@ advised them to live outside the town. They said, "We dislike to turn back on our hekls and return to the outskirts." Rasulullaah said to them, "You shall be our country people and we shall be your city people. We shall respond if you call for us and you would respond when we call for you. You will be regarded as Muhaajireen wherever you are." (2) The Hijrah of Hadhrat Junaadah bin Abi Umayyah B,g@43 Hadhrat Junaadah bin Abi umayyaah Azdi W3W.j narrates that there was a difference of opinion amongst them when they made Hijrah during the time of Rasulullaah @@. While some Sahabah @,- maintained that making Hijrah had come to an end, others were of the opinion that it did not. Hadhrat Junaadah =Wj says that he then asked Rasulullaah about this and Rasulullaah @& said, "Hijrah shall not come to an end as long as Jihaad is waged against the Kuffaar." (3) Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Sa'di !&Wm narrates, "I was the youngest amongst a delegation of seven or eight people from the Banu Sa'd bin Bakr tribe. When the delegation met Rasulullaah w, they all had their needs fulfilled, leaving me behind to look after the animals. I later approached Rasulullaah k$@ and said, '0 Rasulullaah w! Do address my need as well.' When Rasulullaah k$@ asked me what my need was, I posed the question (to which I needed a reply), 'People are saying that making Hijrah has come to an end.' Rasulullaah @'@ replied, 'Your need is the best (or he said), your need is better than theirs. Hijrah shall not come to an end as long as Jihaad is waged against the Kuffaar." (4) What was Told to Hadhrat Safwaan bin Umayyah %%i@!.G and Others Concerning Hijrah Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas ~ C W narrates that while Hadhrat Safwaan bin Umayyah %,Em was in the upper part of Makkah, he was told that the person who did not undertake Hijrah has no Den. He therefore said, "I shall never go home until I have first been to Madinah." When he arrived in Madinah, he stayed with Hadhrat Abbaas bin Abdil Muttalib B,Bm and then went to see Rasulullaah @@. When Rasulullaah m asked him what had brought him, he informed Rasulullaah that he was told that the person who did not undertake the Hijrah had no Deen. Rasulullaah m said, "0 Abu Wahab! Return to the rocky ( I ) Ibn Jareer, as quoted in Kanzul Ummaal(Vo1.8 Pg.333). (2) Abu Nu'aym, as quoted in Kanzul Ummaal (Vol.7 Pg. 142). (3) Abu Nu'aym, as quoted in Kanzul Umrnaal(Vol.8 Pg.331). (4) Ibn Mandah, Ibn Asaakir, as quoted in Kanzul Ummaal (Vo1.8 Pg.333). Abu Haatim, Ibn Hibbaan and Nasa'ee have also reported the narration from reliable sources as confirmed in Isaaba (Vo1.2 Pg.319).

THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH i@%$&'+> ( ~ o l - 1 ) plains of Makkah and stay in your homes. Hijrah has come to an end (after the conquest of Makkah). ~11-that is left is Jihaad and the intention (of waging Jihaad). You should therefore respond when you are called for Jihaad." Another narration states that someone said to Hadhrat Safwaan bin Umayyah B,UW that the person who did, not perform the Hijrah is destroyed. Hadhrat Safwaan "" ""' ' , Ski+&+> swore an oath that he would never wash his hair until he went to Rasulullaah w. He then took to his mount and rode off (to Madinah). Finding Rasulullaah @?@ at the door of the Masjid, he asked, "0 Rasulullaah k%@! I have been told that the person who does not make Hijrah is destroyed. I have therefore taken a vow never to wash my hair until I have come to you (to ask about it)." Rasulullaah @?@ replied, "When Safwaan heard about Islaam, his heart was content to accept it as his Deen. (Compulsory) Hijrah (to Madinah) has come to an end after the conquest of Makkah. However, there still remains Jihaad and the intention (of waging Jihaad). You should therefore respond when you are called for ~ihaad." (2) Hadhrat Saalih bin Basheer bin Fudayk narrates that his grandfather Hadhrat Fudayk ?Ifz,Bw once approached Rasulullaah k%@ and asked, "0 Rasulullaah @@! Some people say that the person who does not migrate is destroyed." Rasulullaah @?@ replied, "0 Fudayk! Establish salaah, pay zakaah, migrate away from evil and live wherever you want in the land of your people, you will still be regarded as one who has migrated." (3) Hadhrat Ataa bin Abi Rabaah narrates that he once visited Hadhrat Aa'isha ti@%M in the company of Hadhrat Ubayd bin Umayr Laythi !%W3!G. When they asked her about Hijrah, she replied, "There is no (compulsory) Hijrah nowadays. (In the past) A person used to flee with his Deen towards Allaah and His Rasool w, fearing that he would be severely tested (tortured and forced to forsake Islaam). However, Allaah h.as made Islaam dominant today and a person can worship his Rabb wherever he pleases. Nevertheless, there still remains Jihaad and the intention (to wage Jihaad)." (4) The Hijrah of Women and Children The Hijrah of Rasulullaah @$&!'s Family and the Family of Hadhrat Abu Bakr SEmj Hadhrat Aa'isha IBnarrates, "When Rasulullaah k%@ made Hijrah, he left us and his daughters behind (in Makkah). When he had settled, he sent Hadhrat Zaid bin Haaritha %BWj and his slave Abu Raafi %GWj (to fetch us). He gave them two camels and five hundred Dirhams which he had taken from my father (Hadhrat Abu Bakr %BWj). With this he was to purchase as many camels as he required. Hadhrat Abu Bakr B,UW sent Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Urayqidh B,G% (1) Ibn Asaakir, as quoted in Kanzul Ummaal(Vo1.8 Pg.333). Bayhaqi (Vol.9 Pg. 17) has also reported the narration. (2) Abdur Razzaaq, as quoted in Kanzd Ummaal (Vo1.3 Pg.84). (3) Baghawi, Ibn Mandah and Abu Nu'aym, as quoted in KanZ~l Ummaal(Vo1.8 Pg.331). (4) Bukhari as well as Bayhaqi (Vol.9 Pg.17).

3 70 THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH (Vol-I) with the two men along with two or three camels. He also wrote a letter to (my brother) Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abu Bakr @,-, instructing him to mount my mother Ummu Roomaan 4%GW6, myself and my sister Asmaa %@%& the wife of Hadhrat Zubayr B G W j on the camels." "The three men left together and when they repched Qudayd, Hadhrat Zaid B G W j used the five hundred Dirhams to purchase three camels. They happened to meet Hadhrat Talha bin Ubaydillaah @,WJG who intended making Hijrah and left Makkah with him. Hadhrat Zaid B,- and Abu Raafi - took along with them (Rasulullaah w ' s two daughters) Hadhrat Faatima Q3WG and Hadhrat Ummu Kulthoom WXS together with (Rasulullaah @%'s wife) Hadhrat Sauda bint Zam'ah @Gw. Hadhrat Zaid ~ , W also took on his camel (his wife) Hadhrat Ummu Ayman CiE%%&4> and (his son) Hadhrat Usaama W,-. When we reached Bayda, my camel bolted as I sat in the carriage together with my mother Ummu Roomaan @w. My mother started shouting, "Oh my beloved daughter! Oh the new bride!" (Hadhrat Aa'isha lS%@!% was by then already married to RBsulullaah @%.) Our camel was eventually caught after it had already crossed the Valley of Harsha. kllaah had kept us safe." "When we reached Madinah, I stayed with the family of Hadhrat Abu Bakr !W!& while the family of Rasulullaah w stayed with him. Rasulullaah @& was building his Masjid and several rooms around the Masjid that he intended to be the living quarters for his wives. We stayed like this for a while." The rest of the Hadith concerns the details of the marriage of Hadhrat Aa'isha G53WM. ( I ) Another narration from Hadhrat Aa'isha @iMW quotes that she said, "As we were making Hijrah, we were passing by a difficult (dangerous) valley when the camel I was on suddenly bolted very furiously. By Allaah! I shall never forget the words of my mother as she screamed, 'Oh my little bride!' However, the camel continued bolting. When I heard someone shout, 'Throw down its reins,' I threw it down and the camel stood still in a daze as if someone was holding it up." (2) The Hijrah of Rasulullaah m s Daughter Hadhrat Zaynab @Ew and the Words of Rasulullaah Concerning the Hardships She Encountered En route Rasulullaah m ' s daughter Hadhrat Zaynab @3@W says, "As I was preparing the provisions for my journey (Hijrah), Hind bint Utba met me. She said, '0 daughter of Muhammad! Do you think that the news has not reached me that you wish to meet up with your father?' 'I have no such intention,' I replied. She said, 'Dear coupin! Do not do this. If you require any goods for your journey or any money to help you reach your father, I have what you need. You should therefore not keep secrets from me because the disputes between men should not creep between us (1) Ibn Abdil Birr in his fstiaab (Vo1.4 Pg.450). Zubayr has also reported the narration a s quoted in Isaaba (Vo1.4 Pg.450). Haythami has also reported the narration in Majma'uzZawaa'id (Vol.9 Pg.227) and has commented on the chain of narrators. (2) Haythami (Vo1.9 Pg.227). Tabraani has also reported the narration as has Haakim in his Mustadrak (Vo1.4 Pg.4).

THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH a,@&% (Vol-I) women."' Hadhrat ~ a f n a b - narrates further when she says, "By Allaah! I certainly think that she meant what she said but I was scared for her and denied that I intended to migrate." Ibn Is'haaq further narrates that Hadhrat Zaynab l%3%%S continued her preparations and when it wqs completed, her husband's brother Kinaana bin Rabee brought her a camel which she mounted. He took his bow and quiver along with him. He took her out of Makkah during the day and led the camel as she sat in her carriage. When some men of the Quraysh started talking about this, they set out after her and eventually caught up with her at Dhu Tuwa. The first to catch up with her was Habbaar bin Aswad Fihri. As she sat in her carriage, he frightened the camel with his spear until it threw her off. According to what people say, she was expecting at the time. Kinaana sat on his knees, emptied his quiver and said, "By Allaah! I shall place an arrow into anyone who even draws close to me." The men drew back from him. Just then, Abu Sufyaan arrived with a group of senior members of the Quraysh. He called out (to Kinaana) saying, "Dear man! Hold back your arrows until we have a chance to speak to you." Kinaana held back and Abu Sufyaan came forward until he stood before Kinaana. He said, "You have made a great mistake. You have taken the lady openly in full view of everyone when you know the hardships and difficulties we have experienced at the hand of (her father) Muhammad. If you take her away from our midst so openly and in full view of the people, it would be an embarrassment to us and people would regard this to be a sign of our weakness. I swear by my life that we have no need to keep her away from her father and have no revenge to exact from her. However, you should take her back now and secretly take her away to be reunited with her father only once people have quieten down and the word spreads that we have made her return (to Makkah)." Kinaana then did this. ('1 Hadhrat Urwa bin Zubayr ?BW narrates that as someone was leaving (Makkah) with Hadhrat Zaynab tiB3W-i the daughter of R ~ u l u l l a a h @&, they were intercepted by two men from the Quraysh who fought him and after gaining the upper hand, pushed her down. She fell on to a rock and miscarried, causing her to bleed profusely. They then took her to @XI Sufyaan, who handed her over to some women from the Banu Haashim who had come to him. It was only after this that she eventually managed to make Hijrah. However, the injury persisted until she finally passed away on account of the injury. People therefore considered her to be a martyr. (2) Another narration from Hadhrat Aa'isha @- states that after Rasulullaah @@ had left Makkah, his daughter Hadhrat Zaynab mW also left with Kinaana or his brother. The Mushrikeen left in search of her and it was Habbaar bin Aswad who caught up with her. He continued sticking his spear into her camel until it dropped her down, causing her to miscarry. She bore the injury with patience and the Banu Haashim and Banu Umayyah tribes disputed about who will care (1) Ibn Is'haaq, as quoted in AlBidaaya wan Nihaaya (Vo1.3 Pg.330). (2) Tabraani narrating from reliable sources as confirmed by Haythami (Vo1.9 Pg.2 16)

3 72 THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH mG&% (Vol-I) for her. The Banu Umayyah claimed to have a greater right to her because she was married to their cousin Abul Aas. However, she ended up in the care of Hind bint Utba bin Rabee'ah who used to say to Hadhrat zaynab BGM, ."This is all because of your father." Rasulullaah @%% one day said to Hadhrat Zaid bin Yaaritha B B W , "Will you not go and bring Zaynab?" "Certainly, 0 Rasulullaah m!" replied Hadhrat Zaid @,GWj. Rasulullaah &!%! said, "Take my ring and give it to her." Hadhrat Zaid @Gmj subtly used various means to reach Hadhrat Zaynab @%&% and eventually met a shepherd. He asked the shepherd, "For whom are you grazing?" When the shepherd informed him that he was grazing for Abul Aas (the husband of Hadhrat Zaynab), Hadhrat Zaid BC3J.G asked him to whom the goats belonged. "To Zaynab the daughter of Muhammad," was the reply. Hadhrat Zaid @Gw walked awhile with the shepherd and (after gaining his confidence) then said to him, "May I give you something to give to her without informing anyone?" when the shepherd agreed, Hadhrat Zaid @GWj gave him the ring. Hadhrat zaynab l%@&Gj recognised the ring and asked the shepherd, "Who gave this to you?" "Some man," he replied. "Where did you leave this man?" she enquired further. When he described the place to her, she remained silent and went there once night had fallen. When she met Hadhrat Zaid @%&j, he told her to sit in front of him on the camel. She refused, telling him to sit in the front. He mounted the camel and she mounted behind him (the laws of Hijaab were not revealed at that time). They eventually arrived in Madinah. Rasulullaah @%! used to say about Hadhrat Zaynab @Cw, "This is the best of my daughters who has suffered for my sake." When this Hadith reached Hadhrat Ali bin Husayn, he approached Hadhrat Urwa and said, "What is this Hadith I hear you are reporting in which the status of Hadhrat Faatima - is being reduced?" Hadhrat Urwa said, "I swear by Allaah that I would not want to reduce the status of Hadhrat Faatima Ww in exchange for everything between the east and the west. I shall therefore not be reporting this Hadith again." The Hijrahof Hadhrat Durra bintAbi Lahab WGW Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar @GWj, Hadhrat Abu Hurayra @Gw and Hadhrat Ammaar bin Yaasir %= all report that when Hadhrat Durra @- the daughter of Abu Lahab made Hijrah, she stayed at the residence of Hadhrat Raafi bin Mu'allaa Zuraqi @,=. While sitting with her, some women from the Banu Zurayq tribe asked her whether she was the daughter of the person about whom Allaah says: May the hands of Abu Lahab be shattered and may he be destroyed. Neither his wealth nor the things he earned shall benefit him. {Surah (1) Tabraani in his Kabeerand Bazzaar, as quoted by Haythami (Vo1.9 Pg.213).

THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH '@,c!@&> (VolI ) 3 73 Lahab, verses 1,2) They then said, "You will therefore be of no use to me." Hadhrat Durra @Gw then went to Rasulullaah @i%% to complain about what the women had said. Rasulullaah @& consoled her and asked her to be seated. After leading the Zuhr salaah, Rasulullaah @& sat on thk pulpit for a while and said, " 0 people! What is it that I should be harmed through my family? I swear by Allaah that on the Day of Qiyaamah, I shall even intercede on behalf of the Haa, Hakam, Suda and Sahlab tribes (therefore I shall obviously intercede on behalf of my family as well)." (') Also pertinent to this chapter concerning the Hijrah of women are the narrations that have passed about the Hijrah of Hadhrat Ummu Salama C2%W, mentioned under the subheading "Hadhrat Abu Salama @,GW and Hadhrat Ummu Sal~ma Ww Migrate to Madinah". Also relevant is the Hijrah of Hadhrat Asmaa bint Umays li&3GMj and Hadhrat Ummu Abdillaah Layla bint Abi Hathma S%&3, both of which are mentioned under the heading "Hadhrat Ja'far bin Abi Taalib %,G&&j and Other Sahabah i43Gw Migrate to /Abyssinia and then to Madinah". The Hijrah of Hadhrat ~bdullaah bin Abbaas S,G$j&j' and other Children Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas 3933% says, "We reached Rasulullaah @?&$ five years after he had made Hijrah and were with the Quraysh when they marched during the year in which the Battle of Ahzaab was fought. I was with my brother Fad1 and our slave Abu Raafi was with us. When we reached a place called Arj, we lost our way -and instead of taking the Rakooba road, we took the Jathjaatha road. We eventually arrived in the locality of the Banu Arnr bin Awf (Quba) from where we entered Madinah. We found Rasulullaah &@% in the trench (that was dug around Madinah). I was then eight years old while my brother was thirteen."(2) (1) Tabraani. Haythami (Vo1.9 Pg.257) has commented on the chain of narrators. (2) Tabraani. Haythami (Vo1.6 Pg.64) has commented on the chain of narrators.

3 74 THE LIVES OF THE SAHABAH @,!%%k (Vol-I)