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...he 73 sects. Encompasses the four schools of fiqh (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) and the accepted aqeedah schools (Atha...
... (comparison to creation). The methodology of the Salaf al-Salih (pious predecessors). Also called the creed of the Ahl al-...
... defend the creed of Ahl us-Sunnah against Mu'tazilah rationalism. Accepts Allah's attributes but differs from the Athari p...
..., South Asia, the Balkans, and historically in the Ottoman Caliphate.
... four major Sunni schools of jurisprudence founded by Imam Malik ibn Anas (711–795 CE) in Medina. Distinctive for its use o...
One of the four major Sunni schools of jurisprudence, founded by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855 CE). Known for strict adherence to Hadith and the narrations of
...ersonal opinion) as legal sources. No longer has institutionalized following today but its methodology continues to influen...
...the Battle of Siffin. They rejected the arbitration between Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muawiyah, declaring that judgment belongs...
A rationalist theological school that emerged in Basra around 750 CE un...
...ng various groups that arose following the assassination of Ali ibn Abi Talib (661 CE / 40 AH) and hold that the Imamate sh...
The Zaydi branch of Shia Islam, named after Zayd ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn, who revolted against the Umayyad Caliph Hish...
The largest Shia group, following twelve Imams from Ali ibn Abi Talib to Muhammad al-Mahdi, the twelfth Imam who is...
...tution of organized tariqahs — as distinct from Sufi spirituality in general — is considered bid'ah (innovation) by Ahl us-...
...most popular orders in South Asia, known for the use of qawwali (devotional music) as a spiritual practice, and the venerat...
...1735–1815 CE). Highly influential in West Africa (Senegal, Mali, Nigeria, Mauritania). Claims that the founder received the...
...n Rumi (1207–1273 CE). Famous for the Sema ceremony — a ritualistic whirling dance performed as a form of dhikr. Rumi's Per...
...ah calling for a return to the methodology of the Salaf al-Salih (pious predecessors) in all matters of creed, worship, and...
...ts globally. Its 'Six Principles' (usul al-sitta) focus on kalima, salah, ilm wa dhikr, ikram al-Muslim, ikhlas al-niyyah, ...
...l-Nabhani (1909–1977 CE). Aims to re-establish the Islamic Caliphate through political work, explicitly rejecting armed jih...
...nes and In the Shade of the Quran) and Abdullah Azzam's globalized jihad methodology. Applied through organizations includi...
...slam in light of modern liberal values, including gender equality in all aspects including prayer leadership and mixed-gend...
...people are the original divine race. Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali were both associated with the NOI before leaving it for Ahl...
...ed from Ismaili Shia Islam in 1017 CE, founded by Hamza ibn Ali and the Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (who declared ...
...f the 10th Twelver Shia Imam al-Hadi. The Alawites venerate Ali ibn Abi Talib as a divine manifestation, incorporate elemen...
A religion that originated in Persia in 1844 CE when Siyyid Ali-Muhammad (the Bab) claimed to be a new prophet. His success...
...val period, combining elements of Islam, Shia veneration of Ali, pre-Islamic Anatolian shamanism, and Central Asian Turkic ...