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... to Islam: not purely theological but economic, social, and political — a defense of the existing order against a message that wa...
...lowed within weeks. Together, these losses removed both the political anchor and the domestic anchor of the Prophet's ﷺ life in M...
...bn Firas noting that accepting the Prophet ﷺ would transfer political leadership to the Quraysh, not to them. An older member rep...
...g, gifted with speech, personally magnetic, and free of the political edge that might have created friction with Yathrib's tribal...
...ond Pledge of Aqabah was the moment at which Islam became a political entity with a territorial base — the compact that made Medi...
...t another, I would go with the Ansar.' These words were not political — they expressed a personal love for a community that had m...
...is the earliest written constitutional document in recorded political history. Its approximately forty-seven clauses established ...
...H — in the months after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah created a political ceasefire with Mecca — the Prophet ﷺ dispatched formal lett...
...' Khalid came accompanied by Amr ibn al-As, one of the most politically astute figures in Arabia, and Uthman ibn Talha, the custo...
... stands as one of the most studied events in the history of political governance — scholars including W. Montgomery Watt have not...
...ayn had removed the last major military obstacles to Muslim political authority in Arabia, the calculus for every remaining tribe...
...sage — though his public declaration was constrained by his political situation. The Prophet's ﷺ prayer over him is read by schol...