. J '-Ɵ  (cont.)

Some scholars have once again resorted to taqdeer and understand the sentence in different ways, including: "Whoever migrates with intention to please Allah and His Messenger, then his reward for his migration will be with Allah and His Messenger," or, "Whoever migrates to Allah and His Messenger with intention and purpose, then the ruling of that migration is that it was for Allah and His Messenger." But taqdeer is only to be resorted to in the case of necessity. In this case, it may not be a necessity. Some scholars have stated that a change in meaning can either be through a change in wording, the normal case, or it can be through a change in "meaning" although the wording is exactly the same. The latter case is understood by the context. That is, even if the same words are used, the meaning implied is different and understood. Here one understands from the context concerning the intentions behind actions that such deeds will be rewarded by Allah. Others understand the sentence to be similar to a known sentence in Arabic, "I am who I am and my poetry is my poetry." In general, if the khabr (predicate) and mubtada (subject) or the shart (condition) and jaza (consequence) are exactly the same, this is done as a kind of exaggeration or emphasis, either for the purpose of exalting something or belittling something. In this case, it is clear that by restating "Allah and His Messenger," the Prophet (peace be upon him) is emphasizing the importance and greatness of the purpose of the migration. However, ibn Rajah gives another explanation, stating that Allah and His Messenger have been repeated because Allah and His Messenger are the final goal that anyone could seek in this life or the Hereafter. He further states that it is a singular goal that cannot be mixed with any other. Hence, he repeated the statement with the exact same wording. Ibn Rajah also described the true migration for the sake of Allah, Whoever migrates to the land of Islam out of love for Allah and His messenger, desiring to learn the religion of Islam and to openly practice his Islam, as he was not able to do in the land of the disbelievers, is one who truly migrated to Allah and His Messenger. The honor and nobility that he receives for that intention of his migration to Allah and His messenger is sufficient. In that sense, the exact words have been restated in the sentence. This is because he achieved from his migration the final and furthermost objective of this world and the Hereafter. 1 1 Ibn Rajah, Jaami, vol. 1 , p. 73. j Hadith #1 : All Actions are but by Intentions . . . Furthermore, ibn Rajah stated, The migration to Allah and His Messenger is [for] one purpose. For that reason, the exact same wording was repeated in the statement. But the migration for the purpose of this world has many goals related to it that cannot be enumerated. A person may migrate for a permissible purpose of this world or, on another occasion, for a forbidden purpose. The individual reasons that one may migrate for this world are innumerous. That is why the Prophet (peace be upon him) said [later in this hadith], "Then his migration is for what he migrated for," that is, whatever it might be.1 There is possibly another aspect to the Prophet's statement. He repeated the words, "for Allah and His Messenger," instead of simply saying, "for them." As was stated above, this could have been done out ofrespect and to magnify their importance. Or it could have been done in order to avoid using one pronoun for both Allah and His Messenger. Once, a person said, "Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has verily been guided. And whoever disobeys them has strayed." The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated that he had spoken improperly and told him that he should have stated, "Whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger." (Recorded by Muslim.) This indicates that any action or speech that may lead to any kind of associating partners with Allah is to be strictly avoided. Hence, the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not like that he should be associated with Allah by using one pronoun to refer to both him and Allah.2 Finally, one understands from what the Prophet (peace be upon him) stated in this hadith, that the hijrah is then for Allah and His Messenger, that Allah never rejects the good deed of anyone who performs it sincerely for His sake. The Meaning of the Word Hijrah (Migration) Hijrah means "to leave or avoid something and to move from one thing to something else." Its most apparent shareeah meaning is the leaving of the lands of the disbelievers to the land of Islam in order to implement or practice Islam. This is the apparent reference in this particular hadith. During the lifetime of the Prophet (peace be upon him), there were two famous emigrations or hijras. The first was the hijrah from Makkah to Abyssinia.