Hadith #528

Arabic Text

English Translation

ʿAbd al-Razzāq narrated to us, from Maʿmar, who said: al-Zuhrī informed me, ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr informed me, from al-Miswar ibn Makhramah and Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam — each of them confirming the other's narration — they said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out during the time of al-Ḥudaybiyah with over one thousand four hundred of his Companions. When they reached Dhū al-Ḥulayfah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ garlanded the sacrificial animals, marked them, and entered the state of iḥrām for ʿumrah. He sent ahead a scout from Khuzāʿah to bring him news of Quraysh. the Messenger of Allah ﷺ marched until he reached Ghadīr al-Ashṭāṭ near ʿUsfān, and his Khuzāʿī scout came to him and said: "I left Kaʿb ibn Luʾayy and ʿĀmir ibn Luʾayy — they have gathered the Aḥābīsh and assembled forces against you. They intend to fight you and bar you from the Sacred House." the Prophet ﷺ said: "Advise me — do you think we should strike at the families of those who aided them? If they sit back, they will sit back bereaved and plundered. And if they advance, it will be a neck that Allah has severed. Or do you think we should head for the House, and whoever blocks us, we fight him?" Abū Bakr said: "Allah and His Messenger know best, O Prophet of Allah. We came only as pilgrims and did not come to fight anyone, but whoever stands between us and the House, we will fight him." the Prophet ﷺ said: "Then march on." Al-Zuhrī said — and Abū Hurayrah used to say: "I never saw anyone who consulted his Companions more than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." Al-Zuhrī said in the narration of al-Miswar ibn Makhramah and Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam: They marched until, when they were partway along the road, the Prophet ﷺ said: "Khālid ibn al-Walīd is at al-Ghamīm with a cavalry detachment of Quraysh as a scout." He said: "Take the right flank." By Allah, Khālid did not notice them until he saw the dust cloud of the army, and he galloped off to warn Quraysh. the Prophet ﷺ marched until he reached the pass from which one descends upon them, and his she-camel knelt down. — Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd said from Ibn al-Mubārak: "her she-camel knelt" — the Prophet ﷺ said: "Ḥal! Ḥal!" (Get up!) But she persisted. They said: "al-Qaṣwāʾ has balked!" the Prophet ﷺ said: "al-Qaṣwāʾ has not balked — that is not her nature. Rather, the One who restrained the elephant has restrained her." Then he said: "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, they will not ask me for any plan in which they honor the sacred limits of Allah except that I will grant it to them." Then he urged her and she leapt up. He diverted from the main path and descended at the farthest point of al-Ḥudaybiyah by a shallow well of little water that people were scooping in small amounts. The people quickly exhausted it, and they complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of thirst. He drew an arrow from his quiver and ordered them to place it in the well. By Allah, it continued gushing with abundant water until they all departed satisfied. While they were thus, Budayl ibn Warqāʾ al-Khuzāʿī came with a group of his people — they were a trusted source of sincere counsel for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the people of Tihāmah. He said: "I left Kaʿb ibn Luʾayy and ʿĀmir ibn Luʾayy encamped at the waters of al-Ḥudaybiyah with nursing she-camels and their young — they intend to fight you and bar you from the House." the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "We did not come to fight anyone. We came only as pilgrims. War has exhausted Quraysh and harmed them. If they wish, I will make a truce with them for a period, and they shall leave a clear path between me and the people. If I prevail, then if they wish to enter what the people have entered, they may do so. Otherwise they will have rested. If they refuse — then by the One in Whose hand is my soul, I will fight them over this matter of mine until my temple is severed, or Allah will surely accomplish His command." Budayl said: "I will convey to them what you say." He went to Quraysh and said: "We have come to you from this man, and we heard him say something. If you wish, we will present it to you." Their foolish ones said: "We have no need for you to tell us anything about him." But those of sound judgment among them said: "Tell us what you heard him say." He said: "I heard him say such-and-such," and he told them what the Prophet ﷺ had said. Then ʿUrwah ibn Masʿūd al-Thaqafī stood up and said: "O my people, are you not like a father to me?" They said: "Indeed." He said: "And am I not like a son?" They said: "Indeed." He said: "Do you suspect me?" They said: "No." He said: "Do you not know that I rallied the people of ʿUkāẓ, and when they refused me, I came to you with my family and those who obeyed me?" They said: "Indeed." He said: "This man has offered you a plan of guidance — accept it, and let me go to him." They said: "Go to him." He went and began speaking with the Prophet ﷺ, who said to him words similar to what he had said to Budayl. ʿUrwah then said: "O Muḥammad, do you think — if you were to utterly destroy your people, have you ever heard of any Arab who annihilated his own people before you? And if it turns out otherwise, by Allah I see faces and I see a rabble of people fit to flee and abandon you." Abū Bakr رضي الله عنه said to him: "Go suck the clitoris of al-Lāt! Would we flee from him and abandon him?" ʿUrwah said: "Who is this?" They said: "Abū Bakr." He said: "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, were it not for a favor you once did me that I have not yet repaid, I would have answered you." ʿUrwah continued speaking with the Prophet ﷺ, and every time he spoke he would take hold of the Prophet ﷺ's beard. Al-Mughīrah ibn Shuʿbah was standing over the Prophet ﷺ with a sword and wearing a helmet. Every time ʿUrwah reached for the Prophet ﷺ's beard, al-Mughīrah struck his hand with the flat of the sword and said: "Remove your hand from the beard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" ʿUrwah raised his hand and said: "Who is this?" They said: "al-Mughīrah ibn Shuʿbah." He said: "O treacherous one! Am I not still trying to make amends for your treachery?" — al-Mughīrah had accompanied some people in the pre-Islamic period, killed them, and taken their wealth, then came and accepted Islam. the Prophet ﷺ said: "As for Islam, I accept it, but as for the wealth, I have nothing to do with it." Then ʿUrwah began gazing at the Prophet ﷺ with his eyes. By Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not spit except that it fell in the palm of one of his Companions, who rubbed it on his face and skin. When he commanded them, they hastened to carry out his command. When he made ablution, they nearly fought over his ablution water. When they spoke, they lowered their voices in his presence, and they did not stare at him out of reverence. ʿUrwah returned to his companions and said: "O my people, by Allah I have visited kings — I have visited Caesar, Khosrau, and the Negus — and by Allah, I have never seen a king whose companions revere him as the Companions of Muḥammad ﷺ revere Muḥammad. By Allah, he does not spit except that it falls in the palm of one of them, and he rubs it on his face and skin. When he commands them, they hasten to carry out his command. When he makes ablution, they nearly fight over his ablution water. When they speak, they lower their voices in his presence, and they do not stare at him out of reverence. He has offered you a plan of guidance — accept it." A man from Banū Kinānah said: "Let me go to him." They said: "Go." When he came within sight of the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions, the Prophet ﷺ said: "This is so-and-so, and he is from a people who revere the sacrificial animals, so drive them out before him." They were driven out and the people met him chanting the talbiyah. When he saw that, he said: "Glory be to Allah! These people should not be barred from the House." When he returned to his companions he said: "I saw the sacrificial animals garlanded and marked. I do not see that they should be barred from the House." Then a man among them named Mikraz ibn Ḥafṣ stood and said: "Let me go to him." They said: "Go." When he came within sight, the Prophet ﷺ said: "This is Mikraz, and he is a wicked man." Mikraz began speaking with the Prophet ﷺ, and while he was speaking, Suhayl ibn ʿAmr arrived. Maʿmar said: Ayyūb informed me, from ʿIkrimah, that when Suhayl came, the Prophet ﷺ said: "Your matter has been made easy (sahula)." Al-Zuhrī said in his narration: Suhayl ibn ʿAmr came and said: "Come, let us write an agreement between us and you." The scribe was called, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Write: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." Suhayl said: "As for al-Raḥmān, by Allah I do not know what that is" — Ibn al-Mubārak said: "what it is" — "but write: In Your name, O Allah, as you used to write." The Muslims said: "By Allah, we will not write it except as: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." the Prophet ﷺ said: "Write: In Your name, O Allah." Then he said: "This is what Muḥammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, has agreed upon." Suhayl said: "By Allah, if we knew you were the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, we would not have barred you from the House or fought you. But write: Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh." the Prophet ﷺ said: "By Allah, I am indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ even if you deny me. Write: Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh." Al-Zuhrī said: This was because of his earlier statement: "They will not ask me for any plan in which they honor Allah's sacred limits except that I will grant it to them." the Prophet ﷺ said: "On condition that you leave a clear path between us and the House so we may circumambulate it." Suhayl said: "By Allah, the Arabs will not say that we were taken by force. Rather, that shall be for you next year." So it was written. Suhayl said: "On condition that no man comes to you from us — even if he follows your religion — except that you return him to us." The Muslims said: "Glory be to Allah! How can he be returned to the polytheists when he has come as a Muslim?" While they were thus, Abū Jandal ibn Suhayl ibn ʿAmr came shuffling — Yaḥyā from Ibn al-Mubārak said: staggering — in his chains, having escaped from the lower part of Makkah and thrown himself among the Muslims. Suhayl said: "This, O Muḥammad, is the first person I demand you return to me." the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "We have not yet concluded the document." Suhayl said: "Then by Allah I will never make peace with you on anything!" the Prophet ﷺ said: "Then grant him to me as an exception." He said: "I will not grant him to you." the Prophet ﷺ said: "Yes, do it." He said: "I will not." Mikraz said: "Rather, we have granted him to you." Abū Jandal said: "O company of Muslims! Am I to be returned to the polytheists when I have come as a Muslim? Do you not see what I have suffered?" — and he had been severely tortured for the sake of Allah. ʿUmar رضي الله تعالى عنه said: I went to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "Are you not truly the Prophet ﷺ of Allah?" He said: "Indeed." I said: "Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?" He said: "Indeed." I said: "Then why do we accept humiliation in our religion?" He said: "I am the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I do not disobey Him, and He is my Helper." I said: "Did you not tell us that we would come to the House and circumambulate it?" He said: "Indeed. But did I tell you that you would come to it this year?" I said: "No." He said: "Then you will come to it and circumambulate it." I went to Abū Bakr رضي الله تعالى عنه and said: "O Abū Bakr, is this not truly the Prophet ﷺ of Allah?" He said: "Indeed." I said: "Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?" He said: "Indeed." I said: "Then why do we accept humiliation in our religion?" He said: "O man, he is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he does not disobey his Lord عز وجل, and He is his Helper. Hold fast" — Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd said: "to his stirrup" — and he said: "cling to his stirrup until you die, for by Allah he is upon the truth." I said: "Did he not tell us we would come to the House and circumambulate it?" He said: "Indeed. But did he tell you that you would come to it this year?" I said: "No." He said: "Then you will come to it and circumambulate it." Al-Zuhrī said: ʿUmar said: "I did deeds to atone for that." When the treaty document was concluded, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to his Companions: "Rise, slaughter your sacrificial animals, and then shave your heads." By Allah, not one of them stood up, even though he said it three times. When none of them stood, he entered upon Umm Salamah and mentioned to her the people's response. Umm Salamah said: "O Messenger of Allah, do you wish that? Go out and do not speak a word to any of them until you have slaughtered your sacrificial animal and called your barber to shave you." He went out and did not speak to any of them until he had done that — he slaughtered his sacrificial animal and called his barber. When they saw that, they rose and slaughtered, and some of them began shaving others until they nearly killed one another out of grief. Then believing women came to him, and Allah عز وجل revealed: {O you who believe, when believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them} until {nor the ties of the disbelieving women}. ʿUmar divorced two wives of his that day who had been his in the pre-Islamic period. One of them was married by Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān and the other by Ṣafwān ibn Umayyah. Then the Prophet ﷺ returned to Madinah, and Abū Baṣīr came to him — a man from Quraysh who was Muslim. — Yaḥyā from Ibn al-Mubārak said: Abū Baṣīr ibn Usayd al-Thaqafī came to him as a Muslim emigrant — al-Akhnas ibn Sharīq hired a disbelieving man from Banū ʿĀmir ibn Luʾayy and a freed slave with him, and wrote with them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ requesting fulfillment of the treaty. They sent two men to retrieve him, saying: "The covenant you made with us." So he handed him over to the two men. They took him out until they reached Dhū al-Ḥulayfah, and they stopped to eat from their dates. Abū Baṣīr said to one of the two men: "By Allah, I see your sword is excellent, O so-and-so." The other drew it and said: "Indeed, by Allah it is excellent — I have tested it, then tested it again." Abū Baṣīr said: "Let me look at it." He handed it to him, and Abū Baṣīr struck him until he was dead. The other fled until he reached Madinah and entered the mosque running. the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "This man has seen something terrifying." When he reached the Prophet ﷺ, he said: "By Allah, my companion has been killed, and I am as good as killed!" Then Abū Baṣīr came and said: "O Prophet of Allah, by Allah, Allah has fulfilled your obligation — you returned me to them, and then Allah rescued me from them." the Prophet ﷺ said: "Woe to his mother — he would be a kindler of war if only he had someone with him!" When Abū Baṣīr heard that, he knew the Prophet ﷺ would send him back to them, so he left and went to the seacoast. Abū Jandal ibn Suhayl escaped and joined Abū Baṣīr. Thereafter, no man from Quraysh who had accepted Islam left except that he joined Abū Baṣīr, until they formed a band. By Allah, whenever they heard of a caravan of Quraysh heading for Syria, they intercepted it, killed them, and took their wealth. Quraysh sent word to the Prophet ﷺ, imploring him by Allah and by kinship to send for them — whoever came to him would be safe. So the Prophet ﷺ sent for them. Allah عز وجل revealed: {And it is He who restrained their hands from you and your hands from them} until {the zealotry of the Age of Ignorance}. Their zealotry was that they did not acknowledge him as the Prophet ﷺ of Allah, did not acknowledge "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful," and barred him from the House. Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān narrated to us, he said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak narrated to us, Maʿmar narrated to us, from al-Zuhrī, from ʿUrwah, from al-Miswar ibn Makhramah and Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam, who said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out during the time of al-Ḥudaybiyah with over one thousand four hundred — and he mentioned the hadith. He said: And from here it is appended to the narration of al-Zuhrī from al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad, who said: Abū Baṣīr said to the ʿĀmirī — who had his sword with him — "I see your sword is excellent, O brother of Banū ʿĀmir." He said: "Yes, indeed." He said: "Let me look at it." So he handed it to him, and Abū Baṣīr drew it and struck the ʿĀmirī until he killed him. The freed slave fled running toward the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and entered — they claim — upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was in the mosque, the pebbles rattling from the speed of his running. the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said when he saw him: "This man has seen something terrifying." He mentioned a narration similar to that of ʿAbd al-Razzāq. He said: When the disbelievers of Quraysh saw that, a group of them rode to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: "Your truce is of no use to us while we are being killed and our wealth plundered. We ask you to include these Muslims among us in your peace agreement, protect them, and prevent them from fighting us." the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did so, and Allah عز وجل revealed: {And it is He who restrained their hands from you and your hands from them} — and he recited until {the zealotry of the Age of Ignorance}.