al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi

Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd al-Thaqafi (1–67 AH / 622–687 M) adalah one dari most complex dan controversial figures dari First dan Second Fitnas, revolutionary yang led major rebellion di Kufah di name dari avenging death dari Husayn ibn Ali but whose claims dari prophethood dan divine inspiration made him figure condemned oleh mainstream ulama Islamship. Ia adalah son dari Abu Ubayd al-Thaqafi, Muslim panglima killed di Battle dari Bridge.

He participated di revolt dari Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr against Yazid ibn Muawiyah dan adalah imprisoned di Kufah. After his release, he led powerful uprising di Kufah beginning di 66 AH, claiming ke act pada behalf dari Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya, son dari Ali ibn Abi Talib. His movement attracted many yang genuinely grieved Husayn's death dan wanted vengeance against those responsible.

He did achieve his stated goal dari vengeance: his forces hunted down dan killed many dari those yang memiliki participated di Karbala massacre, including Ubaydullah ibn Ziyad (killed di battle) dan Shimir ibn Dhi al-Jawshan. This aspect dari his rebellion adalah broadly approved bahkan oleh those yang condemned him theologically.

However, al-Mukhtar made claims dari direct divine inspiration dan revelation melalui his intermediary Abu Amra Kaysan, founding what became dikenal sebagai Kaisaniyya sect. Mainstream ulama Islams dianggap these claims disqualifying. Ia adalah killed oleh Musab ibn al-Zubayr di 67 AH di Kufah. His movement left behind warisan dari proto-Syiah sectarianism yang pengaruhd subsequent Alid political teologi.