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The mainstream body of Muslims who follow the Quran, the Sunnah of t...
...tional argumentation to defend the creed of Ahl us-Sunnah against Mu'tazilah rationalism. Accepts Allah's attributes but di...
...sing qiyas only when necessary. Imam Ahmad's famous stand against the Mu'tazilah in the Mihna crisis (833 CE) cemented his ...
...sins become kafir and are to be killed, and they rebelled against the Muslim rulers of their time. The Prophet ﷺ described ...
...losophical ideas. Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal wrote extensively against the Jahmiyyah.
...lam, named after Zayd ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn, who revolted against the Umayyad Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik in 740 CE. Of ...
...t the End of Times. Predominant in Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Bahrain, and parts of Pakistan. The mainstream Twelver doctrine — a...
A Shia branch that diverged from the mainstream Twelvers by following Ismail ibn Ja'far as the sevent...
...th–10th centuries CE. Each order is centered on a founding saint (Shaykh) whose spiritual chain (silsilah) is traced back t...
... practice, and the veneration of shrines (dargahs) of Sufi saints. The order holds that music and sama' (listening to spiri...
...ed across the Muslim world and beyond, though his works contain philosophical positions that scholars have contested, inclu...
...cterized by strong veneration of the Prophet ﷺ and Islamic saints, Mawlid celebrations, shrine visitation (urs), and extens...
...majority countries. Known for its distinctive ideological training program.
...onsidering their blood lawful, and using extreme violence against Muslim civilians.