The Prophet's Letter to Chosroes II, Emperor of Persia

The Prophet sent Abdullah ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi to deliver a letter to Kisra (Chosroes II), the Sassanid Emperor of Persia. The letter invited Chosroes to Islam with similar wording to the letter to Heraclius. When the letter was read to Chosroes and he heard that Muhammad's name preceded his own, he was enraged and tore the letter to pieces, reportedly saying: 'A lowly man from among my subjects dares to write to me in this manner!' When the Prophet was informed that Chosroes had torn his letter, he said: 'Allah will tear his kingdom to pieces.' This prophecy was fulfilled within a decade, when the Muslim armies conquered the entirety of the Sassanid Empire under the caliphate of Umar. Chosroes himself was overthrown and murdered by his own son Shirawayh shortly after receiving the letter, initiating a period of chaos that weakened the empire fatally.