Part 36

Likewise, the embroidery of gold on embellished turban is also unlawful. As for boys wearing gold and

silver, the scholars are in disagreement. Some of them consider it permissible and some others consider it

unlawful for the generality of the following saying of the Prophet (pbuh),

"These two (gold and silk) are unlawful for men of my Ummah, but lawful for its women."5

Thus, boys are included in this prohibition. This is also the opinion of Imam Ahmad and other

(may Allah be pleased with them)

57) Fleeing of the Slave

Muslim reported in his Sahih that, "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,

"When the slave flee away (from his master), his/her prayer will not be accepted." 1

The Prophet (pbuh) is also reported to have said,

"Any slave that flees away, the pledge of Islam is cleared from him."2

Ibn Khuzaimah reported in his Sahih from the hadith of Jabir who said, "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh)

"There are three people whose prayer will not be accepted, nor will their good deeds be raised up to the

sky, a fleeing slave until he returns to his master, a rebellious woman until her husband be satisfied with

her and a drunkard until his mind is restored. "

Fudalah Ibn 'Ubaid reported that,

"There are three people who will be neglected by Allah, a man who severe the community, disobeys his

ruler (Imam) and died in such state, a fleeing slave and a woman whose husband is absent and provided

her with all her needs, but she unveiled herself after his absence."3

58) Slaughtering in Other Than Allah's Name

Such as slaughtering in the name of Satan, an idol, or in the name of a sheikh. Allah, the Almighty has said,

{Eat not of what the name of Allah has not been mentioned over.} (AI-An'am: 121)

Concerning this verse, Ibn ' Abbas said, "What is meant is that the dead animals and that which killed

by strangling. All these types are included in the verse of AI-Ma'idah (5:3). AI-Kalbi said, what is meant is

that over which the name of Allah was not mentioned and that which is slaughtered to other than Allah's

name. `Ata' said, "Allah prohibited animals which were slaughtered by the people of Quraish for their idols.

Allah's saying, {Verily it is disobedience} means that all things which are slaughtered and over which the

name of Allah was not mentioned are dead and it is disobedience. {But the Satan ever inspire their friends

to contend with you.} The Satan whispers to his friend to argue falsely with the believer concerning the

dead animals Ibn 'Abbas said, the Satan inspired to his friend from human beings saying, how do you

worship a thing which you do not eat what he kills, yet you eat what you kill? Consequently, Allah, the

Almighty revealed, {If ye were to obey them} i.e. making the dead a lawful thing, {Ye would indeed be

pagans.} AI-Zajaj said, this is evidence that he who made what Allah has prohibited lawful or vice versa, is

It may be asked, how the slaughterings of the Muslim are lawful although he forgot to mention Allah's

name and the verse stated the contrary? The answer will be: The interpretations stated that what is meant by

"On which Allah's name hath not been mentioned, is the dead animals and not the slaughterings on which

the Muslim has forgotten to mention the name of Allah. There are many things that indicated that the verse

is concerned with the dead, such as {verily it is an obedience.} Therefore, the one who eats from the

slaughtering of the Muslim on which he has forgotten to mention the name of Allah is not a profligate?

Likewise, {But the Satan ever inspire their friends to contend with you.}. By the consensus of the

interpretations, the contention was concerning the dead animals and not of the Muslim. By the same token,

{If ye were to obey them, ye would indeed be pagans.}

Abu Mansour told that, on the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). Who

said, "A man asked the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) what do you say concerning a man who slaughters but

forgets to mention Allah's name? The Prophet (pbuh) said,

"The name of Allah is on the mouth of every Muslim."1

Abu Mansour also told us on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that"

"For the Muslim, his name is sufficient and if he forgot to mention Allah's name let him mention it,

Reported by A1-Haithami in Majma' Az-Zawa'id

remember Allah and then eat."1

`Arnr Ibn Abi ' Amr told us on the authority of `Aishah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that,

"Some people said, 0 Messenger of Allah, people bring us a meat but we do not know whether Allah's name

was mentioned over it or not? The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Mention Allah's name over it and eat

It is previously mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said,

"May Allah curse who ever slaughters in other than Allah's name." 3

Reported by Ad-Darqutni in As-Sunnan.

59) Falsely claiming someone is One's Father

On the authority of Sa'd, (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, "The Messenger of Allah

"Paradise is forbidden to whoever falsely claims someone is his father, knowing he is not."1

On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said,

"The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Do not wish for fathers other than your own. For someone to wish for a

In another narration, it is reported,

"Whoever claims someone, other than his own to be his father, or belonging himself to a ruler other than

his own, he will invoke upon himself the curse of Allah, His angels and all people." 3

On the authority of Abu Dharr who said that, he heard the Prophet (pbuh) as saying,

"Whoever claims someone to be his father, knowing he is not, he is a disbeliever, whoever claims

something which is not his, is not of us and should anticipate his abode in the Fire, and whoever charges a

man with unbelief or an enemy of Allah, he will be the one most deserved of it. "

60) Arguing, Picking Apart Another's Words, and Quarreling

Allah, the Almighty has said,

{There is the type of man whose speech about this worldly life may dazzle thee and he calls Allah to witness

about what is in his heart, yet he is the most contentious of enemies. When he turns his back, his aim

everywhere is to spread mischief through the earth and destroy crops and progeny but Allah loveth not

Imam AI-Ghazali (may Allah have mercy on him) said, " Picking apart another's words consists of

attacking another's speech by revealing the mistakes in it, involving no other motive than contempt for the

other and displaying one's cleverness. He also said, disputation is what relates to clarifying various legal

positions and making a case for them. Concerning arguing, he also said, "Arguing is importunateness in

speech to gain one's end, whether monetary or other. It may be initiated by oneself or in response to

Al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "Disputation may be true or false." Allah, the almighty

{And dispute ye not with the People of the Book, except in the best way.}

He, the Almighty also said,

{And dispute with them in the best way.} (An-Nahl: 125)

He, Most High, also said,

{None can dispute about the signs of Allah but the unbelievers.} (Ghafir: 4)

Therefore, when the intention behind disputation is to reveal the truth, then it is recommended. But if it

is intended to confront the truth or unknowingly done, then it is unlawful. According to this detail, the texts

concerning its permissibility or prohibition were revealed. A certain person remarked, "I have not seen

anything that impairs one's religion, diminishes one's respectability, ends one's happiness or preoccupies

If one objects that a person must argue to obtain his rights, the reply is that as AI-Ghazali (may

Allah have mercy on him." The stern condemnation of it applies to those who argue without right or

knowledge, such as the deputy of the judge who proceeds in dealing with disputation before knowing

justice and on which side it is so he disputes without knowledge.

Of stern condemnation is the one who demands his right. That is because such a person does not only

demand his right, but displays picking apart others' words, lying, harming and assaulting towards his

opponent. Or someone who adds abuse to his speech that is necessary to secure his rights, or is motivated to

Reported by Ibn Abi Ad-Dunya concerning the matter of silence.

argue by nothing besides an obstinate desire to win and to finish his opponent.

As for someone who has been wronged and makes his case in away compatible with the Sacred Law,

without belligerence, excessiveness, or importunateness, and not intending mere obstinacy and abuse, it is

not unlawful, though it is better to avoid it if there is no way to do so, for keeping one's tongue within the

limits of fair play during the course of an argument is virtually impossible, Moreover, arguing produces

rancor in hearts and causes animosity that can lead to actual hatred between two people, until each comes to

be pleased when harm befalls the other and to be displeased at the good, and unleashes his tongue against

the other's reputation. Whoever argues runs the risk of these calamities. At minimum, a quarrel comes to

preoccupy one's heart so that during the prayer one's thoughts turn to debating and arguing, and one does

not remain, as one should, Disputation is the source of evil as well as arguing and picking a part one's

Therefore, one should not open the door for disputation unless for a necessity.

On the authority of Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) who said. The Messenger of

"It is enough sinful to be an arguing person."1

Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said, "Disputation invokes disasters (upon

the person). On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, "The Messenger

"He who presses for something without knowledge remains under the hatred of Allah until he gives it up." 2

On the authority of Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said, "The Prophet (pbuh) said,

"No people went astray after having been guided save that they were afflicted with arguing" then he

recited, {They did not mention him (Jesus) to you as an example except for argument.}