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...d to execute the adult males — the standard consequence for treaty-breakers under the recognized laws of war — but Abdullah ib...
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah in Dhul-Qa'dah 6 AH was the pivotal diplomat...
... had sent Uthman ibn Affan to Mecca as his envoy during the treaty negotiations; when Uthman's return was delayed and a rumor ...
In late 6 AH and early 7 AH — in the months after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah created a political ceasefire with Mecca — t...
...ent — was performed in Dhul-Qa'dah 7 AH, one year after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah had required the Muslims to turn back from M...
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah had established a ten-year truce between the...
...y. The immediate trigger was the Quraysh's violation of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah by supporting an attack on the Muslim-allied...
... honored until their natural expiry; polytheists who had no treaty or had violated it were given four months of safe passage a...
...ers at another gate were simultaneously negotiating a peace treaty with Abu Ubayda. Damascus was thus taken partly by force an...
...simple clothing, alternating the ride with his servant. His treaty with the inhabitants, known as the Covenant of Umar, guaran...
...igris. Hasan, seeking to end Muslim bloodshed, negotiated a treaty with Muawiyah under which he surrendered the caliphate in e...
... fragmented by treachery and low morale, Hasan negotiated a treaty with Muawiyah, abdicating the caliphate in exchange for saf...
...elled from it years earlier. After the Quraysh violated the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah by attacking a tribe allied with the Muslims...
...d not reconquer Jerusalem. The Third Crusade ended with the Treaty of Jaffa in 1192, which left Jerusalem in Muslim hands but ...
...had briefly been returned to Crusader control by diplomatic treaty — and then faced a large coalition of Crusaders and Syrian ...
...als in subsequent years, including the loss of Hungary. The Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) formalised Ottoman territorial losses a...
...ng the coast, the Crusaders failed to retake Jerusalem. The Treaty of Jaffa allowed Christian pilgrims access to Jerusalem whi...
The Quraysh delegate who negotiated the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the Prophet ﷺ. He converted to Islam at...
...Amr and one of the most poignant figures of the Hudaybiyyah Treaty. He escaped his Meccan captors to reach the Prophet but was...
...i Muslim who was handed back to Mecca under the Hudaybiyyah Treaty but escaped, establishing a Muslim guerrilla force on the R...
...e diplomatic turning point: how a seemingly disadvantageous treaty became the greatest victory for Islam.
The peace agreement that seemed like a setback but which the Quran called 'a clear victory,' leading to the spread of Islam across Arabia.
...of Khaybar, the heroism of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the resulting treaty, and its lessons in dealing with hostility.