Details of the Hilf al-Fudul Covenant

After the sacrilegious wars ended, a man from Zubayd came to Mecca for trade and was cheated by al-As ibn Wa'il al-Sahmi, who refused to pay him for his goods. The Zubaydi man stood at the Ka'bah and called out for justice in poetic verses. Al-Zubayr ibn Abd al-Muttalib rallied several clans of Quraysh, including Banu Hashim, Banu al-Muttalib, Banu Asad, Banu Zuhrah, and Banu Taym. They gathered in the house of Abdullah ibn Jud'an and swore an oath to stand with the oppressed against the oppressor regardless of tribal affiliation. The young Muhammad, approximately twenty years old, participated and later said: 'I witnessed in the house of Abdullah ibn Jud'an a pact that I would not exchange for a herd of red camels. If I were invited to it in Islam, I would respond.' This covenant demonstrated the pre-Islamic Arab sense of justice that Islam would later perfect.