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...ions for the rest of his life. Many years later — after the Conquest of Mecca — the Prophet ﷺ visited his mother's grave at al-A...
...security of parental protection. Decades later — after the Conquest of Mecca in 8 AH — the Prophet ﷺ stopped at al-Abwa during ...
...irmed it across his entire life: through his caliphate, the conquest of Persia and Byzantium, and his martyrdom in the mosque of...
... and later accepted Islam — presenting the guarantee at the Conquest of Mecca. The Prophet ﷺ had told him prophetically that he ...
... as a Muslim. Hind bint Utbah herself accepted Islam at the conquest of Mecca and received the Prophet's ﷺ pardon — one of the m...
...daybiyyah, opening with: 'Indeed, We have given you a clear conquest' — declaring what looked like retreat to be victory. The su...
...wn tranquility upon them and rewarded them with an imminent conquest.' The phrase 'Allah was pleased with the believers' at that...
The conquest of Khaybar in Muharram 7 AH was the defeat of the principal...
...ssinian emigrants occurred around 7 AH, coinciding with the Conquest of Khaybar. Jafar ibn Abi Talib, who had led the community ...
...ah wills, in safety.' The entry into Mecca under arms — the Conquest — came two years later. The peaceful three days established...
... had faced. In Safar 8 AH — barely eight months before the Conquest of Mecca — Khalid made his way to Medina and took his shaha...
...ad been a negotiated peace into the legal predicate for the Conquest that followed within weeks. The ten-year truce the Quraysh ...
The Conquest of Mecca on the twentieth of Ramadan 8 AH was the defining ...
The Battle of Hunayn in Shawwal 8 AH — just weeks after the Conquest of Mecca — was a severe test of the largest Muslim army eve...
...negotiate alliance, pay tribute, or accept Islam. After the Conquest of Mecca and the Battle of Hunayn had removed the last majo...
...Thaqif of Taif were among the last major holdouts after the Conquest of Mecca and the Battle of Hunayn. They had withstood the M...
...of Egypt. He was born in Dhul-Hijjah 8 AH — the year of the Conquest of Mecca — and was the Prophet's ﷺ only son to survive birt...
...ut Hajj under Muslim governance was possible only after the Conquest of Mecca. When the announcement went out in Dhul-Qa'dah 10 ...
... the victory. The victory opened the way for the subsequent conquests of Damascus, Jerusalem, and all of the Levant.
... to differing rulings on the status of its inhabitants. The conquest of Syria's greatest city announced Muslim power throughout ...
The surrender of Jerusalem was one of the most momentous events in Islamic history. Patriarch Sophronius agreed to surrender the city but insisted the keys be h
...ng of Kufa and Basra transformed the character of the Iraqi conquest from a military campaign into a permanent settlement.
...tle of Heliopolis was the decisive engagement in the Muslim conquest of Egypt. Amr ibn al-As had led a Muslim force of roughly 4...
...reasury and register), the judicial system, and oversaw the conquest of Persia, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.
The conquest of Cyprus was the first major Muslim naval operation in the...
... the infrastructure that would sustain a century of further conquests.
The Muslim conquest of North Africa was a prolonged campaign spanning several d...
...t some Arabs interpreted as prophetic indications about the conquest of the city. The expedition assembled a massive combined fo...
The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in 92 AH stands as one of the most...
...elegations offering terms rather than resistance. The rapid conquest of the Iberian Peninsula following Guadalete shocked the Fr...
The conquest of Sindh (in present-day Pakistan) by the young Umayyad gen...
...sive turning point that saved Christian Europe from Islamic conquest. Modern historians offer a more nuanced view: the battle wa...
...aliphate for nearly three more centuries, until the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 923 AH. The line of Abbasid shadow caliphs in C...
...t continued until the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab. The conquest secured the northern flank of Medina, eliminated a major ba...
The Conquest of Mecca stands as one of the most remarkable events in Isl...
The Battle of Hunayn took place shortly after the Conquest of Mecca when the Hawazin and Thaqif tribal confederacy mob...
...and went on to become a respected warrior in the subsequent conquests of Iraq and Persia. The victory at Buzakha broke the back ...
...r of Blood,' was one of the early engagements in the Muslim conquest of Iraq against the Sasanid Persian Empire. Khalid ibn al-W...
...e rule over Greater Syria and opened the way for the Muslim conquest of Palestine, Jordan, and Lebanon.
...y, expelled by Byzantine rule, was permitted to return. The conquest established a model of governance of sacred space that woul...
...le of Nahavand, known in Arabic sources as 'Fath al-Futuh' (Conquest of Conquests), was the decisive final engagement that broke...
The conquest of Alexandria completed the Muslim takeover of Egypt, one o...
The conquest of Sindh under the young Umayyad general Muhammad ibn Qasim...
The conquest of Al-Andalus was one of the most rapid territorial acquisi...
...storians debate the extent of what was intended — whether a conquest or an extended raid. Muslim power in the Iberian Peninsula ...
...ained under Crusader control for 88 years until Saladin's reconquest in 1187. The contrast between the Crusader conquest and the...
...s of the medieval period, setting the stage for Saladin's reconquest of Jerusalem. Saladin, who had spent years patiently unifyi...
Saladin's reconquest of Jerusalem on 27 Rajab 583 AH — the anniversary of the Is...
...urope over the following decades, eventually leading to the conquest of Constantinople in 1453.
...d within fifty years achieved its greatest triumph with the conquest of Constantinople.
The conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II was one o...
...b was a significant Muslim victory in Iraq during the early conquest period, avenging an earlier defeat at the Battle of the Bri...
...ine army in Palestine and opened the way for the subsequent conquest of the Levant. It took place during the caliphate of Abu Ba...
The conquest of Damascus, one of the oldest continuously inhabited citie...
...lligence and sometimes assistance to the Muslim forces. The conquest of Egypt gave the emerging Muslim state control of the weal...
...state, leading to its fragmentation and the rapid Christian conquest of major Andalusian cities over the following decades: Córd...
... for 150 years, until the Battle of Vienna and subsequent reconquest. The battle is remembered as a national tragedy in Hungary ...
...tle of the Chains) was the opening engagement of the Muslim conquest of Iraq in 12 AH / 633 CE, commanded by Khalid ibn al-Walid...
...ners made this one of the bloodiest engagements of the Iraq conquest. The battle effectively broke the back of Persian resistanc...
...was one of the few Muslim military defeats during the early conquests, fought in 13 AH / 634 CE. Following the transfer of Khali...
...fled northward. The Battle of Jalula opened the door to the conquest of Media and the Iranian highlands, making it one of the mo...
The Conquest of Ctesiphon (al-Mada'in, 'the Cities') in 16 AH was the mo...
Amr ibn al-As led the Muslim conquest of Egypt, defeating the Byzantine garrison. He founded Fust...
Tariq ibn Ziyad crossed the strait with 7,000 soldiers and defeated the Visigothic King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete. Within seven years, most of the Iber
The Seljuk Turks under Tughril Beg entered Baghdad and ended Buwayhid control. The Abbasid caliph granted Tughril the title 'Sultan' and 'King of the East and W
...ecaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders. Unlike the Crusader conquest, he showed mercy to the inhabitants and allowed Christians ...
The Ottoman victory at the Battle of Kosovo established Muslim rule in the Balkans. Over the following centuries, Islam spread in the region through conversion
Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih conquered Constantinople at age 21, fulfilling the Prophet's hadith: 'You shall conquer Constantinople. What a wonderful leader its lea
Sultan Selim I defeated the Mamluk Sultanate at Marj Dabiq near Aleppo. This victory led to Ottoman control of Syria, Egypt, and the holy cities of Mecca and Me
Ottoman Sultan Selim I conquered Egypt, ending the Mamluk Sultanate and gaining control over the Muslim holy cities.
Leader of Quraysh who accepted Islam at the conquest of Mecca.
Umayyad governor of North Africa (Ifriqiya) who oversaw the conquest of the Maghreb and launched the Muslim conquest of the Iber...
Berber Muslim military commander who led the Umayyad conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in 92 AH (711 CE). The Rock of Gib...
Wife of Abu Sufyan who fiercely opposed Islam before the Conquest of Makkah, later accepted Islam and became a companion. She...
...Sufyan and older brother of Muawiyah. Embraced Islam at the Conquest of Makkah. One of the four commanders appointed by Abu Bakr...
One of the four commanders appointed by Abu Bakr for the conquest of Syria. He participated in the conquest of Palestine and ...
...udaybiyyah with the Prophet ﷺ. He converted to Islam at the Conquest of Makkah and later became a passionate preacher. After the...
...rsian military resistance and opened the way for the Muslim conquest of Persia.
...ed during the Riddah, then returned to Islam. Fought in the conquest of Persia with Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas and was martyred at the ...
... Kufa under Umar and Muawiyah. He participated in the early conquests and was famous for his strategic thinking.
...initially a fierce enemy of Islam. He embraced Islam at the Conquest of Makkah and became a gallant warrior. He was martyred at ...
...af. Initially opposed to Islam, he accepted Islam after the Conquest of Makkah after the Prophet ﷺ gave him time to consider and...
...d companion and warrior of the Ridda Wars and early Islamic conquests. Known for extraordinary bravery in combat, he participate...
... arrival was worth a thousand warriors. He continued in the conquests of Persia.
The pioneering hero of the early Iraq conquest. He was the first to begin raiding Persian territories and ...
...martyred in the battle, which was called Fath al-Futuh (the Conquest of Conquests).
...l-Salasil (Battle of the Chains) in 12 AH, which opened the conquest of Iraq.
...cting the worst defeat on the Muslim forces during the Iraq conquest. Later he negotiated surrender terms at the Battle of Buway...
... was one of those the Prophet ﷺ ordered to be killed at the Conquest of Makkah, but was spared through the intercession of Uthma...
A companion who served as a senior commander in the conquest of the Jazira (upper Mesopotamia) region. He participated i...
...rance. He participated in various expeditions including the conquest of Tabaristan.
...with consolidating Umayyad power and overseeing significant conquests into Central Asia.
...rophet ﷺ who was one of the last to accept Islam before the Conquest of Makkah. He had previously been the most eloquent enemy p...
...or general of the Umayyad caliphate. He participated in the conquest of North Africa under Abd Allah ibn Abi Sarh and led severa...
...e Battle of Jalula (16 AH) after Qadisiyyah, completing the conquest of Iraq. He later fought on Ali ibn Abi Talib's side at Sif...
The Umayyad general who conquered Sind and southern Punjab at the age of 17-20 (92-96 AH / 711-715 CE), bringing Islam to the Indian subcontinent. He defeated R
... Mosque), expansion of the Prophet's Mosque in Madinah, the conquest of al-Andalus (Spain) by Tariq ibn Ziyad and Musa ibn Nusay...
...g them. He fought in the Ridda Wars and was martyred at the conquest of Tustar in 20 AH.
The great Umayyad commander of Central Asian conquests (d. 96 AH), operating under Hajjaj ibn Yusuf. He conquered...
... of Ali ibn Abi Talib who gave refuge to two men during the Conquest of Makkah, which the Prophet ﷺ honored.
... Futuh al-Buldan is the foundational history of the Islamic conquests.
...ho narrated from Ibn Masud and accompanied the early Muslim conquests.
...Imam al-Baladhuri. A foundational work on the early Islamic conquests, covering the expansion from the Prophet's time through th...
...e second Caliph examining his conversion, the great Islamic conquests during his reign, and his administrative genius.
By
The peaceful liberation of Mecca: 10,000 Muslims marching, the general amnesty, and the cleansing of the Kaaba.
The Crusader invasions, Muslim resistance, Salahuddin's reconquest of Jerusalem, and lasting lessons.
How the Prophet returned to Makkah with 10,000 companions, forgave his enemies, and cleansed the Kaaba of 360 idols.
The centuries-long Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula and the end of Muslim rule in Spai...
...inah to accept Islam, marking the rapid expansion after the Conquest of Makkah.
The peaceful surrender of Jerusalem to Caliph Umar, the Pact of Umar, his refusal to pray inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and interfaith respect.
Salahuddin al-Ayyubi's unification of Muslim lands, the Battle of Hattin, the liberation of Jerusalem, and his legendary chivalry toward the defeated Crusaders.