Rulings Of Water

23 International University in Latin America Content of Unit • Rulings of the Types of Water 24 International University in Latin America Importance of the Unit: Ritual Purity is a condition for the validity of prayer, thus, every Muslim is enjoined to know how to achieve it and to learn about the types of water that can be used for such a purpose; the latter part will be discussed in this unit. Learning Objectives: Dear learner, after studying this unit you should be able to: - Recognize the pure and impure water and Learn the different rulings pertaining to water 25 International University in Latin America å^é¹]<Ý^Óu_<h^e< B1-C1 Chapter on the Rulings of the Types of Water: (I) [General Ruling of Water] 6%ab c0S# (1) (2) Water was created pure and purifying , it purifies (3) from ritual impurities (al-ahdaath) and physical impurities (4) (an-najasaat) . Purity cannot be attained from any liquid (1) Water in shari'a is divided into four types: 1Mutlaq (plain) water, including that of sees, rivers, rain, snow, hail and wells 2Used water (used to remove ritual impurityassuming it was collected after dripping from someone who made ritual ablution.) 3Water mixed with pure substances 4Water mixed with impure substances (2) Pure is not necessarily purifying, for tea and ink are pure but by consensus you can't use them to perform ritual purity. That is with regards to all substances in general, but what about water? Most scholars divide water into 1pure and purifying, 2pure not purifying and 3impure.

Some scholars, including (T), argue that as long as you call it water, it is either pure and purifying or impure, as you can see in the following discussions. (3) Ritual impurities are the nullifiers of wudu' and whatever makes ghusl (ritual bath) required. (4) According to the majority (M + S + A) only water removes physical filth (najasah) - off the body and garment…etc -, but (H), and (T) 26 International University in Latin America (1) other than it . (II) [Flowing Vs. Stagnant - Large Vs.

Small] When the water reaches qullatayn (two large containers) or it's flowing, then nothing can render it impure, except what changes its color, taste, or odor; other than that would indicated that if the filth was effectively removed by anything, it is sufficient. You = may find this information pertinent to modern applications when confronted by the issue of dry cleaning, for according to (H) and (T), it is sufficient as long as it effectively removes the filth. The same applies to removing the filth with stain removers and other chemical substances. The opinion of (H) and (T) is strong. (1) For Allah (glorified and exalted be He) said: F G F R,$K!

Y4/43. …And if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes after answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (by sexual relations) and you find no water, perform Tayammum with clean earth…l. Notice that Allah (glorified and exalted be He) didn't mention any liquid before soil, indicating that there is no replacement for water when it comes to ritual purity except by dry ablution. 27 International University in Latin America (1) be rendered impure by any mixing with impurities . (2) qullataan is approximately 108 Damascene pounds . (III) [Mixing With Pure Substances And Used Water] And if something that is pure but not purifying was cooked within the water or it was mixed with the water and it (3) prevailed upon its name (characteristics) Or if it was used in removing a ritual impurity, then it will be stripped of its (4) attribute of being a purifier . (1) Many scholars, including (M + a + some shafe'ees + T) maintain that all water small or large in amount will be only rendered impure if its taste, color or odor changed with the impurity.

(2) The two containers = approximately 190 liters. (3) According to (A + H), mixing (H: without cooking; A: even with cooking) which results only in a minor change in the water's characteristics doesn't render it non-purifying since "the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) and Maimunah (his wife) washed themselves from one (water) container that had a trace of dough in it." Reported by (A) and others from Umm Hani'. He (blessings and peace be upon him) also advised the use of the dried crushed leaves of the lote tree - which they used as soap - in the post mortem washing of his daughter Zaynab.

(a + M + S): mixing or cooking of pure substance that caused any change in the water will render it non-purifying. By agreement, mixing with things that are usually seen in nature mixed with water such as mud and algae doesn't change the original ruling of water which is being pure and purifying. (4) ''The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) wiped his head with the extra water that was in his hand." (D). This 28 International University in Latin America (IV) [Doubts Regarding Purity] a. And if he has doubts regarding the purity of the water or something else, or its impurity, he should (1) base his actions on certainty . b.

If the filthy spot on his garment or otherwise was obscured, he should wash of his garment (or whatever else) what would be sufficient to make (2) him certain he washed off the impurity . hadith can be a proof for the other opinion (M + s + a + Z + T) that considers used water pure and purifying. According to (T), water is either impure or pure and purifying. There is no third category of pure but not purifying as long as it falls under the general term of water. (1) That means if he was sure it was pure and doubted whether it became unpurified, he should assume it is pure; and if he was sure it became unpurified and doubted whether it has been purified (such as by adding a larger amount of water or evaporation of the filth), he should assume that it is still impure. That means: cast the doubt away.

The second agreed upon major comprehensive legal principal is: "Certainty is not negated by doubt." Many people suffer from obsessions regarding their purity that could be devastating. The righteous predecessors were simple and not obsessive, 'Omar (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by a gutter (and got wet). His companion asked the owner if the water was pure or not, whereupon 'Omar told the owner not to answer the question, and went on his way. (2) This is based on the fiqhi (juristic) principal: "The act necessary to fulfill an obligation is obligatory." 29 International University in Latin America (1) c. If pure water was confused with impure water and he didn't find any other water, he should make tayammum and leave both [i.e. the pure and impure water]. d.

And if purifying water was confused with pure water that (2) is not purifying [E.g. water previously used to remove impurity] then he should make wudu out of each one of (3) them . 62)O e. And if there are both clean and unclean garments, then you should pray a certain number of times equal to the number of unclean garments, plus one. You should make each prayer in a different garment. (V) [Removing Various Impurities] (4) a. The impurity of the dog and the pig should (1) be washed seven times, including one time with soil.

(1) That confusion can only happen according to T's opinion in the case of someone loosing his senses or in the dark…etc because according to him, the water is rendered impure only if it changed by an impurity. (2) That confusion can not happen according to T's opinion to someone with intact senses, because according to him, the used water is purifying and the water that mixed with a pure substance will be rendered non-purifying only if its characteristics changed to the point where you don't call it water anymore. (3) Because here he would be sure that he made wudu' with purifying water, and even if his second wudu' was done with pure but not purifying water, he would still be ready for the prayer. That is unlike the previous example where if the second wudu' was performed using impure water, then he would have impurity on his body and may not pray in this condition. (4) The other view is that the pig's impurity may be washed once and that is the position chosen by Ash-Shafe'ees and considered stronger 30 International University in Latin America b.

It shall be sufficient for the rest of the impurities to wash (2) them three times until purified. c. And if the impurity's on the ground then pouring over it will remove its (harm). Because of the saying of the Messenger (blessings and peace be upon him), "So pour (3) upon the urine of the Bedouin one bucketful of water." by contemporary hanbalis like Ibn 'Uthaimeen (may Allah bestow mercy on him) in his book "Ash-Sharh al-Mumti'". They feel the anlogy is imperfect since the dog and pig are dissimilar. Also, there used to be pigs during the time of the Messenger (Allah's peace and blessings be on him) and he did not make any specific regulations regarding the removal of their impurity.

(1) Abu Hurairah reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: "The purification of the utensil belonging to any one of you, after it is licked by a dog, lies in washing it seven times, using sand for the first time." (M) and in a different report in (M) he added also throwing whatever is in the vessel. This applies to utensils by agreement (except for some disagreement over the number of washes). As for the clothes touched or licked by dogs, there is a disagreement over this issue. According to (M), the ruling does not apply to clothes. His opinion is strong, since the Prophet did not mention the clothes, and likening the clothes to the utensills is not a perfect analogy.

Some of the shafe'ees and hanbalis indicated that soap would suffice instead of soil. (2) The other view concerning washing other types of impurity is that whatever will remove the impurity is sufficient, and there is no specific number of times. This opinion is strong due to the lack of evidence on the need to wash three times. Allah knows best. (3) (G) except (M). 31 International University in Latin America (1) d.

It's sufficient to remove the impurity of a male infant's urine that hasn't started eating regular food to sprinkle the area with water so it's wet, but not soaked. e. Likewise, prostatic secretions al-madhee, takes this same ruling as a male infant's urine. A trivial amount of it [al- (2) madhee] will be excused. Likewise, the trivial amount (3) of blood and its by-products of pus, purulent matter, and similar things are all exempt. The trivial amount is that which is not repugnant.

(VI) [Semen And Urine of livestock] (1) It was suggested by some scholars that the reason of the distinction between the male and female is that the male's urine splatters around and would cause hardship if it has to be washed off. (2) Madhee is the prostatic secretions excreted by one when thinking of sex or during foreplay. The ruling of it was explained by the prophet: "Make ablution and wash your penis." (B). with regards to the clothes, he (blessings and peace be upon him) said: "'It is sufficient for you to take a handful of water and sprinkle it over [the stained spot]." (D) and (T) who said it was hassan (sound). Madhee is considered by (A) lightly impure. (3) The similarity is in the exemption of trivial amounts only, but he didn't mean that blood may be cleaned off by simple sprinkling, for the popular opinion in the hanbali madhab is the impurity of all bloods.

According to a less popular opinion, human blood, aside from the menstrual blood is all pure. 32 International University in Latin America The semen of a human and the urine of the animals (1) whose flesh can be eaten are all pure. (1) That is the position of the majority on both issues. 33 International University in Latin America Summary of The Unit • Water in shari'a is divided into four types: − Mutlaq (plain) water, including that of sees, rivers, rain, snow, hail and wells − Used water − Water mixed with pure substances − Water mixed with impure substances. • When the water reaches Qullatayn (two large containers; approximately 190 litres) nothing can render it impure, except when an impurity changes its colour smell or taste. That is by consensus. They differed over an amount less than that whether it becomes pure by the mere mixing with impurity or only when its characteristics change. • They disagreed over water mixed with pure substances; some considered it pure but not purifying while others considered it both pure and purifyiing as long as it is still called water. The same disagreement took place regarding used water. • If one is sure that water is pure and doubted whether it became impure, he should assume it is pure; and if he is sure it became impure and doubted whether it has been purified, he should assume that it is still impure.

That means, "Cast the doubt away." 34 International University in Latin America • Impurity of dogs and pigs - though controversial regarding pigs - should be washed seven times including one with soil. As for other impurities, three times are sufficient to be pure or even once according to some. • Impurities on grounds are removed by just pouring water over them, but that does not apply to carpets. • Impurity of the male infant's urine is removed by just sprinkling the unclean spot with water. The same ruling applies to the prostatic secretions (almadhee). The semen of a human and the urine of the animals whose flesh can be eaten are all pure. 35 International University in Latin America Self-Assessment Questions Essay Questions: 1. State the different types of water.