4. And praises Allah and sends blessings on the Prophet

(blessings and peace be upon him) between each two (1) takbeers. (1) (Ag) reported from Jabir that he prayed the 'eid several times with the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) who started with the prayer before the speech and without adhan or iqamah. (2) As reported by (T) from Katheer ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn 'Awf from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) did. Imam Ahmad said: "The companions disagreed on the number of takbeers and it is all permissible." The form mentioned here is the most authentic; however the issue is flexible and should not be allowed to cause disunity since the takbeers are sunnah after all and the prayer is valid without the additional takbeers. (3) This is not directly reported from the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him), however Ibn 'Omar used to do so.

He was very keen on following the sunnah. 264 International University in Latin America 5. And he then recites aloud surat al-Fatihah (the opening) (2) and another surah . (3) (V) [The Speech After The Prayer] And when he makes tasleem, he gives a speech of two parts. And if it was eid al-Fitr he should encourage them towards charity and explain for them its rulings and if it was eid al-Adha he explains to them the rulings of sacrifice [of an animal]. (1) This is reported from Ibn Mas'ood (Ba).

No authentic report from the Prophet was narrated in this regard. One may stay silent as there is no proof the Prophet did otherwise or do as indicated here above since one of the most honorable companions did it and may have learned it from the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him). (2) The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) used to recite Surat Qaaf in the first rak'ah and al-Qamar in the other (M) or al-A'laa and al-Ghaashiyah.(A) (3) Ibn 'Omar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I have prayed behind the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) and Abi Bakr and 'Omar and 'Uthman; they all prayed before the speech." (Ag) 265 International University in Latin America And the additional takbeers and the two speeches are all sunnah. And he doesn't pray sunnah before or after the eid prayer (1) at its place [the musalla]. (VI) [The Latecomer] And he who joins the imam before he makes tasleem finishes it in its prescribed form and he who misses it there is no make up due on him.

And if he wanted to pray it, he may pray it as a supererogatory prayer, and if he wishes he may pray two or four rak'ahs, and may pray it in the form (2) prescribed for it [meaning with the additional takbeers]. (1) (Ag) reported from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him) prayed two rak'ats on the day of fitr without any prayers before or after them. (2) For the general meaning of the popular hadith: "pray [with the congregation] what you catch and make up for what you miss." 266 International University in Latin America (VII) [Rulings Of At-Takbeer] (1) And it is recommended to make takbeer during the nights of the two 'eids and make takbeer in al-Adha right after the obligatory prayers done in congregation from the fajr of the day of 'Arafah to the 'asr of the last day of (2) tashreeq . 6!3ƒ And the form of takbeer is in pairs: Allahu akbar Allahu akbar, la ilaha illa Allah wa Allahu akbar Allahu akbar wa lillahi-lhamd. (Allah is greatest Allah is greatest, there is no god but Allah; and Allah is greatest Allah is greatest, to (3) Allah is due all praise.) . (1) For Allah said: G "(He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allah [i.e. to say Takbîr (Allahu Akbar; Allah is the Most Great] for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him." (2/185) (2) As reported by ad-Daraqutney from Jabir.

(3) As reported by ad-Daraqutney from Jabir and was practiced by several companions. 267 International University in Latin America Summary of the Unit Prayer of Fear: • The Prophet (peace be upon him) is reported to have performed the prayer of fear in different ways, and the present unit depicts one of them. Muslims are permitted to offer such a prayer in whichever form it was conducted by the Prophet. • If fear escalates, it is permissible to pray walking or riding, facing the qiblah or not, nodding for bowing and prostration. • These rulings apply to anyone afraid for himself and not only restricted to times of war. Jumu'ah Payer: • The Jumu'ah prayer is obligatory on the resident who is legally bound to pray the mandatory prayers, and if the distance to the masjid is reasonable for the one walking and riding as well. • It is not obligatory on women, slaves, travelers, ones excused for sickness, rain or fear. However, attending it by anyone excused renders it obligatory on him and it becomes valid by his presence as well. 268 International University in Latin America • Conditions of its validity: − To be Performed in time; that is from the time of salatul-eid (i.e. about fifteen minutes after sunrise) until `Asr according to the hanbali school, but the majority maintain that its time is that of Adh-dhuhr prayer. − To be in permanent dwellings; not tents and the like. − To be attended by forty men of the residents upon whom prayer is obligatory. This is the Hanbali position but there are different opinions mentioned in the commentary above. − To be preceded by two speeches. • If one catches one rak`ah with the imam he can complete his prayer as jumu'ah, but if he missed the two rak`ats and joined the imam after the bowing of the second rak`ah he completes the prayer as Dhuhr. • The prayer would also be completed as jumu'ah if the number diminished or the time went out after they had prayed one rak`ah.

But if this happened before catching one rak`ah then it is completed dhuhr. • It is impermissible to conduct two jumu`ahs in a town unless there is a need for that. • Attending jumu`ah, one is recommended to make ghusl, wear clean garments, wear perfume and come to prayer early. • Coming while the imam is preaching, one should not sit before praying two brief rak'ats, and should not speak 269 International University in Latin America except for the imam or the one to whom the imam is talking. `Eid Prayers • The `eid prayer is a communal duty. Its time starts when the sun is one-spear length above the horizon (i.e. about fifteen minutes after sunrise) till az-zawal (reaching its zenith). • The Sunnah is to have ghusl, clean oneself, wear perfume, perform Eid prayer in the musalla, perform the adha prayer early and delay the fitr prayer having breakfast before coming to it. • Description of the `Eid Prayer and its speech: − The Imam leads Muslims in two rak`ats without adhan or iqamah − He repeats takbeer seven times in the first rak`ah including takbeer of ihram and five in the second without counting that of rising. − He raises his hands with every takbeer as ibn `Omar used to do. − He repeats the above mentioned remembrance in between takbeers. − He then recites Al-Fatihah and another surah. − After prayer, the imam or another one gives a two-part speech. • Both the additional takbeers and two speeches are Sunnah. 270 International University in Latin America • There is no Sunnah prayer offered before or after `eid prayer. • Joining the imam before tasleem, the latecomer completes the prayer as described above, and if he fails to join the imam, no make up is due on him but still performing it is allowable. • Rulings of At-takbeer: − General takbeer is recommended during the nights of two `eids. − As for `eidul-adha, takbeer is recommended right after fininshig the obligatory prayers, from the fajr of the day of `arafah to the `asr of the last day of tashreeq1. 1 Days of tashreeq are the three days following the day of adha. 271 International University in Latin America Self-assessment Questions Essay Questions: 1. Describe the way of performing the prayer of fear. 2. What are the conditions for the validity of jumu`ah prayer?