89 results for “baghdad”
...ith the caliph's palace and the great mosque at its center, Baghdad was conceived as the political, economic, and intellectual ...
...enith of Abbasid power and prosperity. Under his caliphate, Baghdad flourished as the world's greatest city, and the empire's t...
The Bayt al-Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad became the premier intellectual institution of the medieval...
...ra (221–279 AH) partly to keep the Turkish troops away from Baghdad's civilian population. This period of Abbasid weakness fore...
...ian military confederation from the Daylam region — entered Baghdad and seized control of the Abbasid caliphate, leaving the Su...
In 447 AH, the Seljuk sultan Toghril Beg entered Baghdad, ousting the Buyid dynasty and ending over a century of Shi...
The Nizamiyyah madrasa in Baghdad, founded by Seljuk vizier Nizam al-Mulk in 459 AH, became t...
... to leave his prestigious post at the Nizamiyyah madrasa in Baghdad, produced his masterwork Ihya Ulum al-Din (Revival of the R...
... Harran in 661 AH, just five years after the Mongol sack of Baghdad. Growing up as a refugee whose family fled to Damascus, he ...
...AH, the Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan besieged and sacked Baghdad, massacring hundreds of thousands of its inhabitants and ex...
Three years after the Mongol destruction of Baghdad, the Mamluk Sultan Baybars of Egypt invited a surviving mem...
...mad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, working at the Bayt al-Hikmah in Baghdad around 200 AH, wrote al-Kitab al-Mukhtasar fi Hisab al-Jabr...
...l power supported the thriving maritime trade that enriched Baghdad's treasury and connected the Islamic world to East Africa, ...
...l centre of the Muslim world eastward, with the new capital Baghdad replacing Damascus.
The Mongol sack of Baghdad in February 1258 was among the most catastrophic events in ...
...ppable momentum of Mongol expansion. The Mongols had sacked Baghdad (1258), Damascus (1260), and were poised to sweep through P...
...phate, establishing a new dynasty that moved the capital to Baghdad. The Abbasids presided over the Islamic Golden Age, a perio...
Caliph al-Mansur built Baghdad as the new Abbasid capital, calling it Madinat al-Salam (Ci...
... the founder of the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, died in Baghdad. Known as al-Imam al-A'zam (the Greatest Imam), his school ...
...nded the Bayt al-Hikmah into a major intellectual center in Baghdad. Scholars translated Greek, Persian, and Indian works into ...
...he discipline of algebra. Working at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, al-Khwarizmi also introduced Hindu-Arabic numerals to the ...
...s of the Quran) rather than compromise his beliefs, died in Baghdad. His steadfastness earned him the title Imam Ahl us-Sunnah....
...e first major philosopher in the Islamic tradition, died in Baghdad. He integrated Greek philosophy with Islamic theology.
...r al-Hallaj, the controversial Sufi mystic, was executed in Baghdad. His martyrdom became a central event in Sufi history and l...
...e great polymath, historian, and Quran commentator, died in Baghdad. His Tafsir al-Tabari remains the most comprehensive early ...
...-Hasan al-Ash'ari, the founder of Ash'ari theology, died in Baghdad. Initially a Mu'tazili scholar, he famously abandoned their...
... Buyid (Buwayhid) dynasty, a Shia Iranian dynasty, captured Baghdad and became the de facto rulers of the Abbasid Caliphate. Th...
The Seljuk Turks under Tughril Beg entered Baghdad and ended Buwayhid control. The Abbasid caliph granted Tugh...
...werful Seljuk vizier, established the Nizamiyyah madrasa in Baghdad, the first well-documented publicly funded institution of h...
... fall of Jerusalem, the qadi Abu Sa'd al-Harawi traveled to Baghdad to plead for help at the Abbasid court. His emotional appea...
...the great Hanbali jurist, preacher, and Sufi saint, died in Baghdad. His teachings founded the Qadiriyya, the most widespread S...
...l-Jawzi, the prolific Hanbali scholar and preacher, died in Baghdad. He authored over 300 works spanning tafsir, hadith, fiqh, ...
Hulagu Khan's Mongol army sacked Baghdad, killing Caliph al-Musta'sim and an estimated hundreds of t...
...vastating campaigns across the Muslim world, sacking Delhi, Baghdad, and defeating the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I.
...tablished the legendary Bayt al-Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad, making it the intellectual capital of the world.
Known as the Sayyid of the Sufis and the master of sober Sufism (as-sahw). His emphasis on grounding spiritual experience in the Shari'ah made him a model for o
Author of Tarikh Baghdad and pioneering works on hadith methodology.
Hanbali scholar and preacher of Baghdad whose sermons drew thousands, known for reviving Islamic le...
A prolific Hanbali scholar and preacher of Baghdad, author of over 700 works.
...omprehensive and erudite tafsirs ever written. The Mufti of Baghdad who drew from virtually every major tafsir tradition.
Founder of the Suhrawardiyyah Sufi order and author of 'Awarif al-Ma'arif,' a key text on Sufi practice and ethics.
Early Sufi master and theologian known for his works on self-examination (muhasabah) and inner spiritual discipline.
Classical scholar of aqeedah and ethics, author of 'ash-Shari'ah,' a foundational text on Sunni creed.
Shafi'i scholar and author of 'Sharh Usul I'tiqad Ahl as-Sunnah,' a foundational compilation on Sunni creed.
Prolific Baghdadi scholar who authored hundreds of works on Islamic ethics, ...
...afi'i jurist and first teacher at the Nizamiyyah Madrasa in Baghdad, author of 'al-Muhadhdhab' and 'at-Tanbih' in Shafi'i fiqh.
Hanbali jurist and theologian of Baghdad, author of 'al-Funun,' reportedly the largest book ever wri...
Chief Hanbali judge of Baghdad and systematizer of Hanbali theology, author of 'al-Ahkam a...
One of the founding masters of hadith criticism (al-jarh wa al-ta'dil) alongside Ahmad ibn Hanbal, who was his close companion and fellow student. He devoted hi
A master hadith critic and jurist of Baghdad (306-385 AH) and author of Sunan al-Daraqutni, an indispens...
A Baghdad-based ascetic scholar (d. 227 AH) known as al-Hafi (the bar...
A Baghdad scholar and ascetic (d. 253 AH) who studied under Maruf al-...
The most prominent figure of the sober Baghdad school of Islamic spiritual discipline (d. 297 AH), student...
A 19th-century Iraqi scholar and mufti of Baghdad (1217-1270 AH), author of the encyclopedic tafsir Ruh al-Ma...
Leading Shafi'i jurist of Baghdad and author of al-Muhadhdhab, first head of the Nizamiyya ma...
Leading Hanafi scholar of Baghdad, author of al-Mukhtasar (known as Mukhtasar al-Quduri), the...
First Hanbali scholar to systematically compile the school's positions in written form, his al-Mukhtasar was foundational for the school.
Chief judge and leading Hanbali scholar of 5th-century AH Baghdad, author of al-Mu'tamad fi Usul al-Din and al-Ahkam al-Sulta...
Founder of the Zahiri school of Islamic jurisprudence, which adheres strictly to the apparent (zahir) meaning of texts without qiyas.
...Bukhari of her time.' A celebrated female hadith scholar of Baghdad who taught in the Abbasid capital.
Founder of the Ash'ari school of theology, the most widespread Sunni theological school. He was initially a student of the Mu'tazilite al-Jubbai before returnin
One of the earliest and most important Islamic historians. His Kitab al-Maghazi is the earliest extant comprehensive account of the Prophet's military expeditio
Author of al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, the most comprehensive biographical dictionary of the Prophet's Companions and early Muslim generations.
One of the greatest scholars in Islamic history. His Tafsir al-Tabari and Tarikh al-Tabari are the foundational works of Quranic exegesis and Islamic history re
The most intellectually gifted Hanbali scholar of his era. His al-Funun is said to be the largest book ever written in Islamic civilization — reportedly 800 vol
...master of hadith sciences in the 5th century AH. His Tarikh Baghdad (History of Baghdad) is the most comprehensive biographical...
A Mu'tazili scholar and literary giant of the Abbasid period. Author of the famous Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah, a literary and historical commentary on 'Ali ibn Abi
One of the greatest hadith critics of the classical period, known for his encyclopedic knowledge of narrators.
Major Islamic historian and biographer. His Futuh al-Buldan is the foundational history of the Islamic conquests.
Arab historian and geographer known as the 'Herodotus of the Arabs'. His Muruj al-Dhahab is a universal history.
Leading Hanafi jurist of Baghdad. His Ahkam al-Quran is the primary Hanafi commentary on Qur...
The most famous Abbasid Caliph, during whose reign Baghdad became the most prosperous city in the world.
Founder of Baghdad and second Abbasid Caliph. He commissioned the first major ...
Sabian mathematician and astronomer from Harran who made major contributions to geometry and number theory.
Basran and Wasiti hadith narrator who settled in Baghdad, one of the major transmitters of hadith in the late second...
...le narrators of his era who eventually served as a judge in Baghdad.
...le adding the author's own analysis. Al-Alusi, the Mufti of Baghdad, engaged with earlier works like ar-Razi, al-Baydawi, and A...
By Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi. A comprehensive treatise on the principles of hadith tran...
By Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi. A work on the etiquettes and ethics of hadith narrators a...
By Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi. A biographical dictionary of the scholars, hadith narrato...
...al theory by the first teacher at the Nizamiyyah college in Baghdad. Ash-Shirazi presents the principles of jurisprudence in a ...
Baghdad's legendary center of learning: the translation movement, s...
The Mongol destruction of the Abbasid capital: the devastation, aftermath, and the Muslim world's recovery.
The Abbasid institution that translated Greek, Persian, and Indian texts into Arabic, catalyzing the Islamic golden age of learning.
The devastating Mongol campaigns that destroyed the Abbasid caliphate and reshaped the Muslim world in the 13th century.
The Abbasid dynasty that presided over the greatest era of Islamic intellectual, scientific, and cultural achievement.