129 results for “logic”
... are referenced in the Quran. Together they represent a theological reality: the Prophet ﷺ was prepared and purified for his ...
...sist in every righteous cause." This response was not a theological argument but a declaration of faith based entirely on dir...
...urah is simultaneously the daily liturgy of Islam and a theological masterpiece. The timing of the revelation of al-Fatiha i...
...essenger. The early persecutions in Mecca were, in this theological reading, not a failure of the mission but the furnace in ...
...e honor. His conversion to Islam was not the product of theological deliberation but of personal honor suddenly fused with co...
... the nature of Qurayshi opposition to Islam: not purely theological but economic, social, and political — a defense of the ex...
...grimage seasons established the seerah's most important theological pattern: that divine guidance comes not to those who are ...
... City. The Hijra is not merely a historical event but a theological category: the Muhajirin — those who migrated — are distin...
...llah and leave off your trade.' The day itself carries cosmological significance: the Prophet ﷺ said in Sahih Muslim that Fri...
...ss), and the final declarations — constitute a complete theological statement in approximately forty words. They have been ca...
...on, Surah al-Baqarah is a comprehensive legislative and theological document: it contains the change of qiblah, the establish...
...ch they were on?' (2:142). The response established the theological principle: 'To Allah belongs the East and the West.' Dire...
...ster as the obligation to worship Allah. The pairing is theologically deliberate: both are expressions of submission to Allah...
...yshi army. The purpose was not primarily military but psychological: to demonstrate that Uhud had not broken the Muslim commu...
...ecognized from their own tradition — making it the most theologically resonant of the three tribal judgments: a community jud...
...the pre-Islamic Arab custom that treated adopted sons as biological sons in all respects, including the prohibition on marryi...
...unts in the hadith literature and a central text in the theological discussions about Ali's unique status among the companion...
... with the Messenger of Allah?' The Ansar wept. Hunayn's theological significance — encoded in Surah al-Tawbah's direct rebuke...
...of the Prophet's ﷺ death. The revelation arrived at the theological climax of the seerah: twenty-three years of revelation, f...
Surah al-Ma'idah 5:3 contains one of the most theologically significant verses in the Quran: 'Today I have perfecte...
...f the Thamud civilization survive to this day in the archaeological site of Mada'in Salih in Saudi Arabia — a tangible remind...
...religion that had not yet been fully corrupted by later theological innovations. These individuals refused to accept the late...
...des of Isa's AS being raised to the heavens, a profound theological rupture began to form within the community of his followe...
... languages, for different audiences, and reflecting the theological debates of the communities in which they were composed. T...
... stands as one of the most consequential moments in the theological corruption of Isa's original message. The council was not...
...him. The existence of these remnants serves a profound theological purpose: it testifies to the universality and persistence...
... though by Salman's time it had accumulated significant theological distortions including the dualistic worship of fire as a ...
...f what they had. He was, in a profound sense, following the logic of the message of Isa AS itself: submit to truth wherever y...
...lib's caliphate, and later a home to major juristic and theological schools. The founding of Kufa and Basra transformed the c...
...eeply scarred the Muslim conscience and established the theological precedent that companions could err in political matters.
...tained as a day of voluntary fasting. The political and theological repercussions of Karbala reverberated across centuries of...
... Yaman tribal confederations — which were cultural and genealogical groupings cutting across the Arab world — would destabili...
...erses from Surah Al-Isra and passages affirming Islamic theological positions vis-à-vis Christian beliefs about the nature of...
...rvives in classical sources and reveals a sophisticated theological and political mind. He died after only two and a half yea...
...ought to negotiate with the Kharijites through reasoned theological discourse rather than pure military force — a unique appr...
...m Arab settlers who feared economic losses. The loss of ideological legitimacy in Khurasan — the empire's most important east...
...g that scholars affirm the createdness of the Quran — a theological deviation condemned by Ahl us-Sunnah. His reign illustrat...
...d moral courage in confronting the Mongols and refuting theological innovations, defined the Athari-Hanbali tradition for cen...
..., and ordinary Muslims perished by the thousands. The psychological trauma was immense — the city that had been the symbol of...
...emained Ottoman. The real significance of Lepanto was psychological — it demonstrated that the Ottomans were not invincible a...
...l Sunni beliefs. The Ash'ari school became the dominant theological school in Sunni Islam, adopted by the majority of Shafi'i...
...he founder of Maturidi theology, died in Samarkand. His theological school became the dominant creedal tradition among Hanafi...
...tle, died in Damascus. He made fundamental contributions to logic, political philosophy, and music theory.
...rison of Damascus, where he had been imprisoned for his theological positions. Despite persecution, his works on theology, ju...
... compiled the most comprehensive record of al-Ash'ari's theological positions in Mujarrad Maqalat al-Ash'ari.
...Ghayb (at-Tafsir al-Kabir), a monumental tafsir rich in theological and philosophical discussion.
...s of Arabic rhetoric and grammar. Despite his Mu'tazili theological leanings, his linguistic insights are universally valued.
...gerian Maliki scholar, author of 'al-Sullam al-Munawraq' on logic and 'Mukhtasar al-Akhdari' on fiqh, both widely studied acr...
Theologian and polymath, author of 'Sharh al-Mawaqif' and 'Kitab at-Ta'rifat,' an essential dictionary of Islamic scholarly terminology.
...t adh-Dhahab,' a major biographical history organized chronologically by year of death.
...slim philosopher and 'Philosopher of the Arabs'; pioneer in logic, mathematics, music theory, and medicine.
...econd Teacher' (after Aristotle); systematized Aristotelian logic for Arabic-speaking world and integrated it with Islamic po...
...e Ash'ari school of theology, the most widespread Sunni theological school. He was initially a student of the Mu'tazilite al-...
...holar whose Sanusiyya creed became the standard Ash'ari theological text in the Muslim world.
...fan tabi'i narrator who transmitted on religious and eschatological topics, known for his narrations about the questioning of...
...ir), this is the most prominent tafsir from the Ash'ari theological tradition. Ar-Razi brings extensive philosophical, ration...
...ugh in covering the meanings of the Quran from a Salafi theological perspective.
... is renowned for its depth of legal analysis and its methodological rigor.
...lyzes the root causes of their differences (textual, methodological, or linguistic), and traces each position to its evidence...
...and the statements of the Salaf, while refuting deviant theological positions. The commentary is heavily influenced by the me...
... considered one of the most sophisticated philosophical-theological treatises in Islamic history.
...l-Hilli's Minhaj al-Karamah. Ibn Taymiyyah refutes Shia theological claims point by point, while also addressing issues of cr...
...i'in, and later scholars of Ahl us-Sunnah, organized by theological topic. Al-Lalika'i gathered these reports to demonstrate ...
... that gathers the positions of the Salaf on every major theological point with extensive citations from classical sources. Th...
...ngs from the Quran, Sunnah, ijma (consensus), and qiyas (analogical reasoning). He established the hierarchy of legal sources...
...ions, general and specific texts, abrogation, consensus, analogical reasoning, and ijtihad. Despite its brevity, it became on...
...ry with philosophical precision, incorporating Aristotelian logic into the methodology of deriving Islamic rulings. His treat...
...and the various Islamic sects with his characteristic sharp logic. His textual criticism of the Bible represents one of the e...
...ire science of evaluating hadith narrations into a concise, logical framework that covers the types of hadith chains, narrato...
...s, companions, tabi'in, and later scholars, organized chronologically and geographically.
...n 1979. Mubarakpuri presents a thoroughly researched, chronologically organized, and accessible account of the Prophet's life...
... massive compilation of Ibn Taymiyyah's legal opinions, theological treatises, and responses to questions on virtually every ...
...c approach makes it uniquely valuable for understanding the logic of Hanafi fiqh.
By Abu as-Su'ud al-Imadi. A literary and theological masterpiece of Quranic exegesis by the Grand Mufti of the...
...ng a comprehensive synthesis that addresses linguistic, theological, and legal dimensions.
...umerous commentaries, forms the backbone of traditional theological education in the Maliki-Ash'ari tradition.
...-Haramayn. Al-Juwayni presents decisive proofs for core theological positions including the existence of God, prophethood, an...
...i presents the principles of jurisprudence with exceptional logical rigor, examining the Quran, Sunnah, consensus, analogy, a...
...allenges the legal theories of the other schools with sharp logic and vast textual evidence. Essential reading for understand...
By Imam al-Baladhuri. An extensive genealogical and biographical history of the noble Arab families, part...
... complete collection of Ibn Taymiyyah's legal opinions, theological treatises, and letters, compiled posthumously by his stud...
... in Ottoman-era madrasas. At-Taftazani covers the major theological questions with rigorous logical argumentation from the Ma...
...safi's creedal text, representing the standard Maturidi theological position. At-Taftazani explains each article of faith wit...
...hirazi presents the principles of jurisprudence in a clear, logical format that makes it ideal for intermediate students of I...
...theology. Ibn al-Qayyim addresses the philosophical and theological questions surrounding free will, divine knowledge, and hu...
...and the integrity of biblical texts, providing detailed theological arguments from an Islamic perspective.
...nt with direct evidence from Quran and Sunnah, rejecting analogical reasoning (qiyas) and taqlid.
...nd other peoples, applying Ibn Khaldun's revolutionary sociological theories.
...itics, and urban development, anticipating many modern sociological theories.
...ues and describes the major world religions and Islamic theological sects. Ash-Shahrastani describes each group's beliefs wit...
...h'ari-Shafi'i scholarly tradition, containing important theological discussions alongside the biographies.
...ork is significant for understanding al-Ash'ari's final theological positions and is cited by both Ash'ari theologians and th...
By Abu Bakr al-Baqillani. An important early Ash'ari theological work that systematizes the arguments for God's existence,...
By Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. A mature Ash'ari theological treatise that represents the most developed form of kalam...
...cholars. This commentary leans toward the Athari/Salafi theological approach and is widely studied in Islamic universities.
...hood, and eschatology, representing al-Ghazali's mature theological thought after his spiritual crisis and recovery.
By Ibn Taymiyyah. A major theological and historical work written as a refutation of the Shia t...
...ork of Maturidi theology, systematically presenting the theological positions of the Maturidi school with detailed rational a...
...xt of the Maturidi school of theology, establishing the theological framework that would become dominant in the Hanafi world....
... al-fiqh in Sunni Islam. Al-Ghazali introduces Aristotelian logic as a prerequisite for legal reasoning and systematizes the ...
By Ibn Asakir. A biographical and theological defense of Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari and the Ash'ari school...
By Ibn Taymiyyah. A classical methodological guide establishing the correct hierarchy of tafsir source...
By Yahya ibn Abd al-Razzaq al-Ghawthani. A practical methodological guide to Quran memorization based on classical techniques...
By Ahmad Deedat. A comparative study of the theological and textual convergences between Islam and Christianity o...
...futation of the Jahmiyyah sect. A critical early Athari theological text defending orthodox positions on Allah's attributes a...
By Jafar Sheikh Idris. A rigorous philosophical and methodological defence of the Sunnah as a source of binding religious kn...
By Jafar Sheikh Idris. A philosophical engagement with cosmological arguments for the existence of Allah. Examines what moder...
The fourth source of Islamic law: how scholars derive new rulings by analogy to existing ones.
A respectful comparison of core beliefs about God, Jesus, salvation, scripture, and the afterlife in Islam and Christianity.
An overview of the Athari theological methodology, its principles, key scholars, and relationsh...
The theological school founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari that became the...
The theological school founded by Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, predominant amo...
The adoption, adaptation, and debate over Aristotelian logic in Islamic scholarship and its role in the religious scienc...
The theological and aesthetic principles that shaped mosque design, palac...
Modern scientific research on the physiological benefits of intermittent fasting as practiced during Rama...
...re, and eschatology, highlighting shared values and key theological differences.
...mmon Abrahamic roots, shared prophets and dietary laws, theological agreements, and the key areas where Islam and Judaism div...
...CE) in Kufa, Iraq. Known for its extensive use of qiyas (analogical reasoning) and istihsan (juristic preference). Predominan...
...zahir) meaning of the Quran and Sunnah, rejecting qiyas (analogical reasoning) and ra'y (personal opinion) as legal sources. ...
An early theological school that emerged in the late 7th century as a reaction...
A deviant theological sect founded by Jahm ibn Safwan (d. 745 CE), who was exec...
A rationalist theological school that emerged in Basra around 750 CE under Wasil ib...
...uld have passed through the lineage of Ali and Fatimah. Theological and political positions range widely — from the relativel...
...social welfare work, and education. Its methodology and theological foundations have been extensively debated by Ahl us-Sunna...
...akistan, Bangladesh, India, and Kashmir. Shares many methodological similarities with the Muslim Brotherhood and has similar ...
...ny Muslim-majority countries. Known for its distinctive ideological training program.
A militant ideology combining Salafi theological language with Qutbist political theory (from Sayyid Qutb'...