Part 32

dow l1 from here. 1'0 1' vt.!ril y, you arc an outcasl. A nd ve ril y. My

Curse is on you until thl! Day o f Recom pense.' (Ibh:cs [SalmI])

said. ' f\ ly Lord! Gi \'c mc then respite till the Day the (dead)

arc n: surrect cd.' (A ll ah) said. "Veril y, yo u arc o flho sc all owl:d

respite lill the Day of th e time appo inted,' ( Iblces [Satan]) said .

' By Your Mi ght , the n I w ill sure ly mi slcad th cm a ll , cxe(.: pI

Your c hosc n s ia v(.:s among the m (the {;Iithl'ul. o bedi cnt. true

bclievers o f Is la mic Mo no theism}. ' (A ll ah) said. ' T he TnJlh is,

and the Tmth I say, tha t I wi ll fill Il e l1 wi th you (I bl ccs) a nd

thosc o f thc lll (ma nkind) that fo ll ow YO ll . toge th cr ' ," (Soorah

He, Most Hi g h, says in 500mb AI-A'raJ. ( Iblccs) sa id,

' 13cl.:<luse Yo u ha ve sent mc astray, surd y I \\i ll s it in w:lit

agai nst th cm (hu man be ings) o n Yo ur Strai g ht Path , T hcn I w ill

CO I11C 10 th em li'om be fore th cm a nd behind th em . from th e ir

right a nd fro m th e ir le lt. and You will not find most o r th cm as

tha nkful ones (i,e. th ey "i ll not he duti fu l to Your ," (500rab

AI-A 'ra/7: 16, 17) T hat is, bccause You have sent me astray, I

w ill wa it in a mbush for them at every oppo rt unity and I w ill

come to thc m from every d irection. So the success ful person is

the one who di sobeys him (Sata n) and th e wretched pe rso n is

the one who obcys hi m.

Sc ho lars of la/seer have di sagreed rega rd ing the a ngels who

were ordered to prostrate to Adam ~ : were thcy a ll of the

ange ls, as seems to be proven by th e ge nera li ty of thc Verscs?

150 Wlw l Has Beel/ Said Regarding ,!Ie Creatioll of Adam

T hi s is the op in io n o f th e maj o ri ty of scholars. Or is the reference

to th e angel s of the Earth , as narrated by Ibn Ja reer At-Tabari b y

way o f Ad-Dahhak, w ho reported on th e auth ority of' Abdullah

Ib n ' Abbas ~? But its cha in o f narrators is interrup ted a nd in

its word ing th ere is so mething obj ectionabl e, tho ugh som e of

the later sc ho lars p re ferred it. Ho wever, it is apparent from thc

wo rd ings that the fanner is correc t and this is proven by the

Iwcleeth: "And He made Hi s ange ls prostra tc him ." ( 1) A nd thi s

is a lso ge neral - and Allah knows better.

T he meaning o f His Words: ( Go down from here (i.e.

Paradi se) ) (SoO/'all AI-A 'raJ 7: 18) is: " Oc t o ut of here." This

is an evidence that he was in heaven and was ord ered to go

down from it; to leave his pos ition and status w hich he had

achi eved thro ug h hi s worship and hi s simil arity to the ange ls

in obedi ence and wo rship. A ll th is was taken away from him

because o f hi s arrogance, hi s envy and his d isobedie nce to

his Lord , and he was se nt down to the Earth , d isgraced a nd

A ll ah , Most Hig h, co mmanded Adam ~ to live w it h hi s

w ife in Paradi se, saying, ( A nd We sa id , '0. Adam! Dwell

you and yo ur wife in Paradi se and cat bot h of you freely with

pleas ure and de light of things therein wherever you wi ll , but

com e not near this tree or yo u w ill both be o f the zaJil1l0011

(wrongdoers) . ) (Soorall AI-Bo" orall 2:35 ) In 500/'011 Al-

A 'raf, He, Most High, says, « (A ll ah) sa id (to Iblees), "Oc t out

from th is (paradise) disg raced <l nd expelled. Wh oever of them

(m ank ind) w ill fe ll ow you, th en s urely I w ill Ii II Hell with yo u

all . And O,A dam! Dwell yOli and your wife in Pa rad ise, and cat

thereof as you both w ish, but approach not this tree otherw ise

you both will be of the zalimool1 (unju st and wrongdoers)." )

( I) The /(lkhrccj or lhis hadcelll has already been given.

lV/wI lias Been Said Regardillg rite Crear ion vf Adam lSI

(Suura" AI· A 'r,!/7: \ S, \9)

The co ntext of these Verses necess it ates that the c reation of

Hawwa' (Eve) was before Adam ~ ente red Paradise, as He,

Most High , says, ( A nd We said, ' 0 , Adam ! Dwc ll you a nd

your wife in Paradi se ' ." ) (Soorah AI-Saqarall 2:35) But As-

Suddi related from Abu Sa leh and Abu Ma li k, o n the authority

of ' Abdu llah Ibn ' Abbas ~ and fro m Murrah , o n the au thority

of ' Abdu ll ah Ibn Mas'ood ~ and from peoplc among the

Compan io ns .;., that they said that Iblees was re moved from

Parad ise and Adam was made to li ve in Paradi se a nd he used to

wa lk there in alone, havi ng no wife wi th who m to live. Then he

slept fo r a short while and awoke to find a woman sitting at his

head. All nh had c reated her from his rib. He asked her, "Who

are you?" And she said , " I am a woman." He asked her, "Why

were you c reated?" She sa id, "So that you m ig ht live with me."

Th e ange ls said to him, in o rder to find o ut the extent of hi s

know ledge, "What is her name, Adam?" He sa id, " Hawwa

(Eve)," They said, "Why is she ca lled Hawwa '?" He replied,

" Because she was crea ted from somethi ng Iwy)' (i.e. living)." (L)

Corrobora ti on for thi s is found in the Wo rds of A llah, Most

High: ( 0 , mankind! Be dut iful to your Lo rd , Who c reated yo u

from a sin gle person (A dam). and from hi m (Adam) He created

hi s wifc (I-I<1 wwa), and from th em both I-Ie c rea ted many men

and wom en ) (Soo rah AI1-Nisa' 4: I)

In th e Saheehain on the aut hori ty of Ab u I-Iura irah ~ , who

reported frol11 th e Prophet jS: that he said: " I advise you to

take care of the women, for they are created from a rib and

the most crooked port ion o f the rib is its upper part; if you try

to straighten it , it will break, and if you leave it , it will remain

(1) Narmtcd by Ibn Jarccr (4/224).

152 What lias /kell Said Regardillg fh e CI"carirm ollie/mil

~ crooked, so I urge you 10 take care of lhe wo men." T his is the

S wo rding of A I-B ukhari.

::t: Schola rs of laf<;eer ha ve diffe red regarding the meani ng of

the Words of All ah , Most Hig h: ( but come nOI Ilcar th is tree)

t (SoO/'oII AI-Baqarah 2:35) It was said th at it wa s a gra pevine,

/: wh ile At h-Thawri reported on the autho ri ty of Abu Husa in ,

Q: w ho reported on th e authorit y o f Abu Ma lik that he said , "'( bu t

~ COIllC na l near this tree ) it was a date pa lm. Ibn J uraij re ported

(\...~ on the authori ty of Muj ahid thaI it was a Ag tree and Qat ada h

-c',_ ,mcl Ibn Jura ij cOIl (; urrcd w it h th is.

t i Th ese are mino r differences o f opin ion; in fa ct, A lla h has le ft

(l obscure the prec ise nature o f the tree - and if there was any

<...J benefit for us in His mention ing it , He would ha ve done so.

Thi s is a lso the ca se with regard to o ther matters wh ich have

~ ~ ~ bee n left un de fin ed in the Qur' an.

'1jJf Th e only rea l d iffe rence that they menti oned wa s rega rding

91(" ,,/ whether o r not th e Ga rde n tha t Adam ~ cntcred was in heaven

Ql ~ o r on th e Earth. Thi s is a difference of op ini on wh ic h must be

~ ~ § clarified and se tt led.

cr-C) T he majority o f scholars hold (the view) that it was (located)

in heaven a nd thaI it was Janna! A I-Ma 'IVa (the Ga rden of

Refuge) , based on the apparent meaning o f the Verses and

a/we/eelh, as in the Wo rds of Him , Most High: ~ And We

said, '0, Adam ! Dwell you and your w ife in the Parad ise ' :'

) (Saara" Al-Baqarah 2:35) The word ing here indicates tha t

w hat is referred to is a spec ifi c Paradi se and that is JOlllla l Al-

Muslim narrated in his Sclheeh on the auth ori ty o f I-Iudh a ifa h

( I) Narrated by AI-Bukhari (5 I 86) and Muslim (1468).

IV/wI lias Been Said Regarding lite Crealiul/ a/AdwlI 153

4> that he sai d: The Messenger of Alla h ~ said: "A llah will

gather the peop le and th e believers will stand till the Garden