Part 34

(remember) Dawood (David) and Su laiman (Solomon). when

they gave judgment in th e case of the fie ld in which the sheep

of certain peopl e had pnsturcd at ni g ht and We were witness 10

their judgment. ) (SoO/'ali A/-Allbiya ' 2 1:78)

But the correc t opin io n is that because th e judge IS no t

pass ing j udgme nt exce pt between two sides, the cla iman t

and th e de fendant , A ll ah says, ( and \Ve were witness to their

judgment. ) (SoO/'oil AI-Allbiyo '2 1:78)

As fo r th e re pe titi o n o f the sending down in 500rah A/-

Baqarah in Hi s Words: ( Then 51w;IOIl made them slip therefrom

(Pa rad ise) and got thcm out from that in wh ich th ey we re. We

sa id , 'Get you do wn. a ll. with ellmity betwcen yourselves. On

Eart h w ill be a dwe ll ing place for you and an e njoymcnt for n

time . ' Then Ad am received Words from his Lord. And hi s Lord

pardoned him (accep ted hi s repentance) . Verily. He is the One

Who forgives (accept s repentance), the Most Mercifu l. We said.

'Get down all of you froll1th is place ( Paradise), then when cver

there co mes to you Guidance from Me. and whoever follows

My Guidance. th ere shal l be no fear on them, nor shall th ey

grieve. BUI those who di sbeli eve and belie Our Ayal (proofs,

evi dences. Verses, lesso ns. signs. reve lations, elc.) such arc

the (h\ ellers of the Fire. they shall abi de th erein forever· ." )

158 Ir'hal /-las Bee" Saicl Regardillg fil e Creatioll (If Adam

(Soorah AI-Baqarah 2:36-39) So me of th e sc holars of la/seer

said that what is meant by the first refercnce of being se nt down

is the se nding down from Paradise to the ea rthly heaven, while

the second is from th e earthl y heave n to the Earth.

But thi s is weak, because He says regard ing the first (sending

down) , ( Then Shairall made them slip thc reFrom (Parad ise)

a nd got the m out li'OJll that in whi ch they we re. We said. ' Get

you down, a ll , w ith ellmity betwee n yourse lves . O n Earth will

be a dwe lling place for you and an enjoyment for a time' ," )

(SoO/'ah AI-Baqarah 2:36), whi ch proves that th ey were sent

down to the Earth in the first sending down. And Alla h knows

What is correct is that He repeat ed it in words, but in reality,

it only took place once and He linked to each mention a huklll

(ruling, verdict): to the first was attached th e eIlmi ty betwee n

them and w ith the second He made it conditiona l upon them

that whoever foll owed H is Guidance - which He would reveal

to them aft er that ·- would be happy, while whoe ver rej ected it

would be wretched. There are other exampl es oFth is manner of

speaking in the Qur ' an.

AI-Hakim narrated in hi s Mllsladrak on the autho rity of

'Abdullah Ibn ' Abbas ~ that he sa id , "Adam ~ did no t res ide

in Paradise for longer th an the lime between the 'Asr prayer

and the selling o f the sun." (1) Then he sa id , " It is authentic ,

accordin g to the cr iteria for acceptance stipulated by A I-

BukLari and Musli m, though it was not na rra ted by them. "

In Saheeh Muslim, it is report ed on th e au thority of Abu

Hurairah ..:o that he said: The Messenger of A llah :W5 sa id: "The

( 1) Narrated by AI-Hakim in AI-Mus /adrak (2/59t , No. 3993) and he dc,

clared it to be authentic - Az-Zahabi concurred with this.

Willif /1m Beell Said Re/.:(1IYIiI/~ Ille Creofiull ojAda/JI

best day o n which the S UIl rises is Friday: on that day Adam ~

was c rea ted; on it he was admitted to Paradi se and on it he was

sent out of it. " (1)

As fo r the Words o f A II :'lh , Most Hi g h: ( Th en Adam received

Words from hi s Lord . And his Lord pardoned him (accep ted

hi~ repentance) . Veril y. l ie is the One Who forgives (.!cccpts

rCpl.:ll ta llcc). the Most Merciful. ) (SoOl'al1 AI-Baqarah 2:37).

it was said that those Wo rds were Hi s Saying: ( "Our Lord!

We have wronged o urse lves. IfVou forgive us 1101. and bestow

not upon us Your Mercy. we shall certainl y be of the losers."

) (Soorah AI-A 'rq( 7:23) Thi s was narrated Oil the authority

of Mujahid, Sa'eed Ibn Jubair, Abul-Aliyah . ArRabee' Ibn

Ana s, AIHasan, Qataclah, Muhammad Ibn Ka'b , Khal id Ibn

Ma'dan, ' Ata A IKhurasan i and ' Abdur-Ra hm an Ibn Zaid Ibn

AIHakim narrated in AIMustadrak o n th e autho rit y of

' Abdu llah Ibn ' Abbas ... regardin g 'he Words of Allah, Mos'

Hig h: ( Thcll Ada m rece ived from hi s Lord Words and hi s Lord

pardon ed him (acccpted hi s repentance). ) (SoO/·all AI-Baqa/"all

2:37) that he sa id, "Adam ~~ said, '0, my Lord! Did You not

create me with Your 1·land?, It was sa id to him , ' Certainl y.'

Adam ':&B said , ' A nd You brea thed into me Your Spiri t? '1t was

said to hi m , 'Cert ain ly.' He conti nued, 'I sneezed and You said.

' All ah have me rcy on you.' And Your Me rcy preceded Your

Ange r?' It was snid to him , ' Cc rtnin ly. ' Ada m ':&:9 sn id, ' And

You ord ain ed upon mc tha t I sho uld do thi s?' It was snic! to

him , ' Ce rtainl y. ' Adal1l .'tJ.~ th cn said, 'Te ll me th en, if I turn to

You in repcntance, wi ll You return me to Paradi se?' He said ,

'Yes'." Th en A I-H akim sa id that the isnad is authenti c, th ough

AI-Bu khari and Muslim did 110t narra te it.

(1) Narrated by Muslim (R54).

160 Whlll 11m Beel/ !:;lIid I?eg(mlillg the e rell/iol/ olAdalll

Mention of How Adam Defeated Moosa (Peace

be Upon Them Both) ill all A rg umellt

A IBukhari narrated on the authori ty of Abu Hurairah ";:" from

the Prophet ii: that he sa id, "Moosa ~ argued with Adam ~

and sa id 10 him (Adam), ' Vou are the one who got the peopl e

ou l of Pa rad ise by you r sin, and Ihu s made th em mi serab le.'

Adam if!8 repli ed, ' 0, Moosa! Vou arc the one whom Allah

se lected for His Message and for I-li s direct Speech. Yet you

bla me me for a thing whi ch All ah had ordai ned for me before

He c reated me ' ?" Th e Messenger of A ll ah ~ added, "So Adam

overcame Moosa ~~~ by this Argum ent. " (1)

imam Ahmad narrated on the authori ty of Abu J-Iurairah ~

from the Prophet ~ that he said, "Adam ~ argued with Moosa

~ . Moosa ~ said, '0, Adam ! It is you whom Alla h created

with Hi s Handand breathed into you His Spi ril. Vou led mankind

astray and caused them to be removed from Paradi se.' Adam

~ sa id, It was you, Moosa, who was chosen by A ll ah for His

direct Speech; and yet YOll blame me for a deed wh ich I d id not

do. All ah ordai ned for me before He created the heavens and

the earth'?" The Messenger of All ah ~ added, "Thus Adam

&t!J defeated Mooosa." Imam Ahmad narrated on the aut hority

of Abu Huraira h ~ from the Prophet :I1i: that he said, "Adam

~ mel Moosa ::Ml and he said, 'You are Adam, whom Allah

created with I-li s Hand and before whom He made Hi s angels

prostrate and He made you to reside in Paradise, then you did

what YOll did?' He said, ' You are Moosa, 10 whom A ll ah spoke

direct ly and whom He chose for Hi s Message and to whom

I-Ie revea led the Torah. Then (tell me), did I come firs t, or was

it the Rem inder (i.e. the Revelation)?' Moosa ~ said, 'No, it

( I) Narrated by Al-Bukhari (4738),

What lias lJeen Said Regardillg the e motioll u{ Ac/am 161

~ . . ' - --"

was the Re mi nder. ' Thus Adam ~ defeated Moosa tb:9." ( I )

Imam Ahmad narrated on the authority of Abu Hurairah .;.,

that he sai d: T he Messenger of A llah ~ said , "Ada m ~ argued

with Moosa ~ (l nd Moosa ,'~\ sa id to Adam ~~ , '0, Adam!

It is you who causcd your progeny to e nt er th e Fi re.' Ada m ~

sa id, ' 0 , Moosa! A llah chose you to rece ive Hi s Message and

to hear Hi s direct Speec h and He revea led to you the Torah.

Did you find (t herein) that I would desce nd (to Eart h)?' He

sa id, ' Yes.' Thus Adam ~ defeat cd him. " (1)

The understandi ng of the people toward thi s /wdeelll has

A group from among the Qac/ariyyall rejected it because of

I the affirmation of Qadar implici t in it.

A group from among the Ja bariyyall cited it, as it appeared

to them that when he sa id , "So Ada m defea ted Moosa," lie did

so using hi s own Sc ripture aga inst him . Th e reply to th is wi ll

\ be g iven la te r.

X:. O the rs said th at he onl y argued w ith him because he rebuked

him for a sin for wh ich he had repented - and a person who has

rcpented of a sin is li ke a person who is w ithout sin.

It was a lso said that he only argued with him because he