Book 21

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَاصِمٌ ، عَنْ مُوَرِّقٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ :" تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَاللَّحْنَ وَالسُّنَنَ كَمَا تَعَلَّمُونَ الْقُرْآنَ "

It was narrated that Muwarriq al-'Ijli said: 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, the rules of Arabic grammar, and the Sunnah, just as you learn the Quran."'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عُمَرُ :" تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ دِينِكُمْ "

It was narrated that Ibrahim said: 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, for they are part of your religion."'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ الْمَاجِشُونُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ :" لَوْ هَلَكَ عُثْمَانُ، وَزَيْدٌ فِي بَعْضِ الزَّمَانِ، لَهَلَكَ عِلْمُ الْفَرَائِضِ، لَقَدْ أَتَى عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ، وَمَا يَعْلَمُهَا غَيْرُهُمَا "

It was narrated that Yusuf al-Majishun said: 'Ibn Shihab said: "Had Uthman and Zayd both died at some point in time, knowledge of the obligatory shares of inheritance would have perished, for there was a time when only the two of them knew it."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ :" تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَالْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عِلْمٍ كَانَ يَعْلَمُهُ، أَوْ يَبْقَى فِي قَوْمٍ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

It was narrated that al-Qasim said: 'Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Learn the Quran and the obligatory shares of inheritance, for soon a man will be in need of knowledge he once had, and will find himself among people who do not know it."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى :" مَنْ عَلِمَ الْقُرْآنَ وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ الْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَهُ مَثَلُ الْبُرْنُسِ لَا وَجْهَ لَهُ، أَوْ : لَيْسَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ "

It was narrated that Abu al-Khalil said: 'Abu Musa (al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever learns the Quran but does not learn the obligatory shares of inheritance is like a cloak with no face — or: he has no face."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَال : قُلْتُ لِعَلْقَمَةَ : مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ؟ قَالَ :" أَمِتْ جِيرَانَكَ "

It was narrated that Ibrahim said: 'I said to Alqama: I do not know what to ask you about. He said: "Make your neighbors ignorant of it" — meaning the knowledge of inheritance — (that is, be the most knowledgeable so they come to you).'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، قَالَ :" تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ، وَالطَّلاقَ، وَالْحَجَّ، فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ دِينِكُمْ "

It was narrated from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 'Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, divorce law, and the rites of Hajj, for they are part of your religion.'

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ الْحَسَنِ ، قَالَ :" كَانُوا يُرَغِّبُونَ فِي تَعْلِيمِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالْفَرَائِضِ وَالْمَنَاسِكِ "

It was narrated that al-Hasan (al-Basri) said: 'They used to encourage the teaching of the Quran, the obligatory shares of inheritance, and the rites of worship.'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ :" مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ، فَلْيَتَعَلَّمْ الْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنْ لَقِيَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، قَالَ : يَا مُهَاجِرُ، أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ : نَعَمْ، قَالَ : تَفْرِضُ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ : نَعَمْ، فَهُوَ زِيَادَةٌ وَخَيْر، وَإِنْ قَالَ : لَا، قَالَ : فَمَا فَضْلُكَ عَلَيَّ يَا مُهَاجِرُ؟ !

It was narrated from Abu 'Ubayda, from Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: 'Whoever reads the Quran, let him also learn the obligatory shares of inheritance. If a Bedouin meets him and says: O Muhajir, do you read the Quran? If he says yes, he will ask: Do you know the laws of inheritance? If he says yes, that is more and better for him. But if he says no, the Bedouin will say: Then what virtue do you have over me?'

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ ، قَالَ : سَأَلْنَا مَسْرُوقًا : كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تُحْسِنُ الْفَرَائِضَ؟ قَالَ :" وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْأَكَابِرَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ يَسْأَلُونَهَا عَنْ الْفَرَائِضِ "

It was narrated that Muslim said: 'We asked Masruq: Did Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) excel in knowledge of the obligatory shares of inheritance? He said: "By the One besides Whom there is no god, I saw the greatest of the Companions of Muhammad ﷺ asking her about the obligatory shares of inheritance."'

أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ، وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ : هَذَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَهَذَا تَدَلَّى مِنْ حِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم إِنَّهُمَا حَدَّثَا : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ :" مَنْ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ أَبِيهِ، فَالْجَنَّةُ عَلَيْهِ حَرَامٌ "

It was narrated from Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas and Abu Bakra (may Allah be pleased with both of them) — Shu'ba said: the former was the first to shoot an arrow in the cause of Allah, and the latter descended from the fortress of Ta'if to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ — that both of them narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever falsely claims descent from other than his father, knowing that he is not his father, Paradise is forbidden for him.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ، قَالَ :" كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ ادِّعَاءٌ إِلَى نَسَبٍ لَا يُعْرَفُ، وَكُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ تَبَرُّؤٌ مِنْ نَسَبٍ وَإِنْ دَقَّ. حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا أَبِي يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، نَحْوًا مِنْهُ

It was narrated from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 'To claim lineage to someone unknown is disbelief in Allah, and to disavow one's lineage, however slight, is disbelief in Allah.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ السَّلُولِيُّ ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْمَرِ ، عَنْ السَّرِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيل ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِأُبَايِعَهُ، فَجِئْتُ وَقَدْ قُبِض، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ فِي مَقَامِهِ، فَأَطَالَ الثَّنَاءَ وَأَكْثَرَ الْبُكَاءَ، فَقَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَقُولُ :" كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ انْتِفَاءٌ مِنْ نَسَبٍ وَإِنْ دَقَّ، وَادِّعَاءُ نَسَبٍ لَا يُعْرَفُ "

It was narrated that Qays ibn Abi Hazim said: 'I came to the Prophet ﷺ to pledge allegiance to him, but I arrived after he had passed away. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was standing in his place, and he prolonged his praise and wept much. Then he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Whoever claims lineage to other than his father, or takes as patron someone other than his patrons who freed him, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all of mankind until the Day of Resurrection."'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ بَهْرَامَ ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ :" أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ وَالِدِه، أَوْ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ الَّذِينَ أَعْتَقُوهُ، فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةَ اللَّه، وَالْمَلائِكَةِ، وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَة، لا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ

It was narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If any man claims descent from other than his father, or takes as patron someone other than his masters who freed him, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all of mankind until the Day of Resurrection. Neither his obligatory acts nor his supererogatory ones will be accepted from him."'

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَنْبَأَنَا شَرِيكٌ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ : كَانَ عُمَرُ إِذَا سَلَكَ بِنَا طَرِيقًا وَجَدْنَاهُ سَهْلًا، وَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ :" لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ

It was narrated that Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'Whenever Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took a path, we found it easy. And he ruled in the case of a husband and two parents: "The husband gets half, and the mother gets a third of what remains."'

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ الرِّشْكُ ، قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ، وَأَبَوَيْهِ، فَقَالَ :" قَسَّمَهَا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ "

It was narrated that Yazid al-Rishk said: 'I asked Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib about a man who died leaving his wife and both parents. He said: "Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) divided it among four shares."'

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ : أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ قَالَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ :" لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ "

It was narrated from Abu al-Muhallab that Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding a woman and both parents: 'The wife gets a quarter, and the mother gets a third of what remains.'

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ :" لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ سَهْمٌ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ سَهْم، وَلِلأَبِّ سَهْمَانِ ". أَخْبَرَنَا حَجَّاجٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ ، عَنْ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ : أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ الْحَارِثَ الْأَعْوَرَ عَنْ امْرَأَةٍ، وَأَبَوَيْنِ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ عُثْمَانَ

It was narrated from Abu al-Muhallab, from Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: 'The wife gets a quarter — one share out of four; the mother gets a third of what remains — one share; and the father gets two shares.'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأَبَوَيْهَا :" لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ "

It was narrated from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, from Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said regarding a woman who died leaving her husband and both parents: 'The husband gets half, and the mother gets a third of what remains.'

أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى ، عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ : فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ، قَالَ :" مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ : لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِي، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأَبِ "

It was narrated from Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding a woman and both parents: 'Divide it from four: the wife gets a quarter, the mother gets a third of what remains, and what remains is for the father.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، وَمَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : كَانَ عُمَرُ إِذَا سَلَكَ بِنَا طَرِيقًا اتَّبَعْنَاهُ فِيهِ، وَجَدْنَاهُ سَهْلًا، وَإِنَّهُ" قَضَى فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ : فَأَعْطَى الْمَرْأَةَ الرُّبُع، وَالأُمَّ ثُلُثَ مَا بَقِيَ، وَالْأَبَ سَهْمَيْنِ. حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عِيسَى ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ

It was narrated that Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'Whenever Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took a path we followed him in it and found it easy. And he ruled in the case of a wife and both parents, from four shares: he gave the wife a quarter, the mother a third of what remains, and the father two shares.'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : كَانَ يَقُولُ :" مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَرَانِي أَنْ أُفَضِّلَ أُمًّا عَلَى أَبٍ "

It was narrated from Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: 'Allah would not see me favouring a mother over a father in inheritance.'

أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ، أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ الْحَكَمِ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، قَالَ :" أَرْسَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ : أَتَجِدُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِي؟ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ : إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ تَقُولُ بِرَأْيِكَ، وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ أَقُولُ بِرَأْيِي "

It was narrated from 'Ikrima that he said: 'Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) sent to Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him): Do you find in the Book of Allah that the mother receives a third of what remains? Zayd replied: You are a man who speaks according to your own opinion, and I am a man who speaks according to my own opinion.'

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، وَحَجَّاجٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا فِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ :" لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ، وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأَبِ "

It was narrated from al-Sha'bi and from 'Ata', from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), that both of them said regarding a husband and both parents: 'The husband gets half, the mother gets a third of the total estate, and what remains is for the father.'

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ ، أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ، قَالَ :" لِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ، وَفِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ "

It was narrated from Ibrahim, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: 'The mother gets a third of the total estate — both in the case of a wife and both parents, and in the case of a husband and both parents.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : خَالَفَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَهْلَ الْقِبْلَةِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ :" جَعَلَ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ "

It was narrated from al-Fudayl ibn 'Amr, from Ibrahim, that he said: 'Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) differed from the rest of the people of the qibla in the case of a wife and both parents: he gave the mother a third of the entire estate.'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ ، عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، قَالَ : " قَضَى مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ بِالْيَمَنِ فِي بِنْتٍ وَأُخْتٍ،فَأَعْطَى الْبِنْتَ النِّصْفَ، وَالْأُخْتَ النِّصْفَ "

It was narrated from al-Aswad ibn Yazid that he said: 'Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) judged in Yemen in the case of a daughter and a sister: he gave the daughter half and the sister half.'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ : أَنَّ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْأُخْتَ مِنْ الْأَبِ، وَالْأُمِّ مَعَ الْبِنْتِ حَتَّى حَدَّثَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ جَعَلَ لِلْبِنْتِ النِّصْفَ، وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ "، فَقَالَ : أَنْتَ رَسُولِي إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَة، فَأَخْبِرْهُ بِذَاكَ، وَكَانَ قَاضِيَهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ

It was narrated from al-Aswad ibn Yazid that Ibn al-Zubayr used not to give the paternal sister an inheritance share alongside a daughter — until al-Aswad narrated to him that Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the daughter half and the sister half. Ibn al-Zubayr said: 'You are my messenger to Abdullah ibn 'Utba.'

حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ بِنْتًا وَأُخْتًا؟ فَقَالَ : " لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْف، وَلأُخْتِهِ مَا بَقِيَ " قَالَ : وَقَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي ، عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ : أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ كَانَ" يَجْعَلُ الْأَخَوَاتِ مَعَ الْبَنَاتِ عَصَبَةً، لَا يَجْعَلُ لَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا بَقِيَ "

It was narrated that Bishr ibn 'Umar said: 'I asked Ibn Abi al-Zinad about a man who died leaving a daughter and a sister. He said: "The daughter gets half, and the sister gets what remains." And he said: My father informed me, from Kharija ibn Zayd, that Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) "used to make sisters residual heirs alongside daughters — giving them only what remained."'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ ، وَالْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ : فِي زَوْجٍ، وَأُمٍّ، وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُم، وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأُمٍّ، قَالَ :كَانَ عُمَر ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّه ، ِوَزَيْدٌ يُشَرِّكُونَ، وَقَالَ عُمَرُ : " لَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا "

It was narrated from Ibrahim that in the case of a husband, a mother, full brothers and sisters (from father and mother), and uterine brothers (from mother only): Umar, Abdullah, and Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them all) used to share them equally, and Umar said: 'The (common) father only made them closer to each other.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ" لَا يُشَرِّكُ "

It was narrated from al-Harith, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he used not to share (equally between full siblings and uterine siblings in the al-mushtarika case).

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ :أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ كَانَ يُشَرِّك، وَعَلِيٌّ كَانَ لا يُشَرِّكُ "

It was narrated from Abu Mijlaz that Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) used to share (between full siblings and uterine siblings in the al-mushtarika case), while Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) did not share.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ابْنِ ذَكْوَانَ : " أَنَّ زَيْدًا كَانَيُشَرِّكُ "

It was narrated from Ibn Dhakwan that Zayd (ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him) used to share (between full siblings and uterine siblings in the al-mushtarika case).

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ ، عَنْ شُرَيْح : " أَنَّهُ كَانَيُشَرِّكُ

It was narrated from 'Abd al-Malik ibn 'Umayr, from Shurayh, that he used to share (between full siblings and uterine siblings in the al-mushtarika case).

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ الْحَجَّاجِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ فَيْرُوزَ ، عَنْ أَبِيه : أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ فِي الْمُشَرَّكَة :" لَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا

It was narrated from Sa'id ibn Fayruz, from his father, that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding al-mushtarika (the sharing case): 'The (common) father only made them closer to each other.'

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ الْحَارِثِ الْأَعْوَرِ ، قَالَ : أُتِيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فِي فَرِيضَةِ بَنِي عَمٍّ، أَحَدُهُمْ أَخٌ لِأُمٍّ، فَقَالَ : الْمَالُ أَجْمَعُ لِأَخِيهِ لِأُمِّه، فَأَنْزَلَهُ بِحِسَابِ، أَوْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَخِ مِنْ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ ، سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا، وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ : " يَرْحَمُهُ اللَّهُ، إِنْ كَانَ لَفَقِيهًا، أَمَّا أَنَافَلَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَزِيدَهُ عَلَى مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ : سَهْمٌ السُّدُسُ، ثُمَّ يُقَاسِمُهُمْ كَرَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ "

It was narrated that al-Harith al-A'war said: 'Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) was brought a case of two paternal cousins, one of whom was also a uterine brother. He said: All the estate goes to his uterine brother — and he ranked him in the position of a full brother (from both parents). When Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came, I asked him about it and told him of Abdullah's ruling. Ali said: He gave him a sixth, and what remains is shared between them.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَلِي : أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ فِي ابْنَيْ عَمٍّ أَحَدُهُمَا أَخٌ لِأُمٍّ، فَقِيلَ لِعَلِيٍّ : إِنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ يُعْطِيهِ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : إِنْ كَانَ لَفَقِيهًا، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا" أَعْطَيْتُهُ السُّدُسَ، وَمَا بَقِيَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ "

It was narrated from al-Harith, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), that he was brought a case of two paternal cousins, one of whom was also a uterine brother. It was said to Ali: Ibn Mas'ud used to give him all the estate. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He was indeed a jurist. But if it were I, I would give him a sixth, and what remains would be divided between them.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَيْسٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ ، عَنْ هُزَيْلِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ، وَإِلَى سَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ بِنْتٍ، وَبِنْتِ ابْنٍ، وَأُخْتٍ لِأُمٍّ وَأَبٍ، فَقَالَا : لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ، وَأْتِ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُتَابِعُنَا، فَجَاءَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ : لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا، وَمَا أَنَا مِنْ الْمُهْتَدِينَ، وَإِنِّي أَقْضِي بِمَا " قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ :لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ، وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ السُّدُسُ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ "

It was narrated from Huzayl ibn Shurahbil that he said: 'A man came to Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Salman ibn Rabi'a and asked them about a daughter, a granddaughter, and a full sister. They said: The daughter gets half, and the sister gets what remains. Go to Ibn Mas'ud, for he will agree with us. So the man went to Ibn Mas'ud and told him, and Ibn Mas'ud said: I would then have gone astray and not been rightly guided. I rule as the Prophet ﷺ ruled: the daughter gets half, the granddaughter gets a sixth to complete two thirds, and what remains is for the sister.'

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ، وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ : قَالَ :" لِلْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ "، فَقَدِمَ مَسْرُوقٌ الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَ زَيْدٍ فِيهَا فَأَعْجَبَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ : أَتَتْرُكُ قَوْلَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ : إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ مِنْ الرَّاسِخِينَ فِي الْعِلْمِ. قَالَ أَحْمَدُ : فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي شِهَاب : وَكَيْفَ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ : شَرَّكَ بَيْنَهُمْ

It was narrated from Masruq, from Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him), that he used to say regarding full sisters and paternal brothers and sisters: 'The full sisters get two thirds, and what remains goes to the males, not to the females.' Masruq then came to Medina and heard the ruling of Zayd (ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him) on it.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيل ، قَالَ : ذَكَرْنَا عِنْدَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جَابِر : أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعْطِي لِلْأَخَوَاتِ مِنْ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ، فَقَالَ حَكِيمٌ : قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ :" هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْ يَرِثَ الرِّجَالُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ إِنَّ إِخْوَتَهُنَّ قَدْ رُدُّوا عَلَيْهِنَّ "

It was narrated that Isma'il said: 'We mentioned in the presence of Hakim ibn Jabir that Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding full sisters and paternal brothers and sisters: that he used to give the full sisters two thirds and what remains to the males, not the females. Hakim said: Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) said: That is contrary to the Quran.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ مَعْبَدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ : " أَنَّهَا كَانَتْتُشَرِّكُ بَيْنَ ابْنَتَيْنِ وَابْنَةِ ابْن، وَابْنِ ابْن : تُعْطِي الِابْنَتَيْنِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَشَرِيكُهُمْ

It was narrated from Masruq, from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), that she used to share the inheritance equally between two daughters, a granddaughter, and a grandson: she gave the two daughters two thirds, and what remained was shared between them (the granddaughter and grandson).

وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَا يُشَرِّكُ، يُعْطِي الذُّكُورَ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ، وَقَالَ :" الْأَخَوَاتُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْبَنَاتِ "

It was narrated that Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) did not share (equally between grandsons and granddaughters); he gave the males over the females. And he said: 'Sisters are in the position of daughters.'

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَهْلٍ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ : أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي بِنْتٍ وَبَنَاتِ ابْنٍ، وَابْنِ ابْنٍ :" إِنْ كَانَتِ الْمُقَاسَمَةُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ السُّدُسِ، أَعْطَاهُمْ السُّدُسَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ السُّدُس، ِأَعْطَاهُمُ السُّدُسَ "

It was narrated from al-Sha'bi that Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say regarding a daughter, granddaughters, and a grandson: 'If the equal division among them is less than a sixth, give them a sixth; and if it is more than a sixth, give them the sixth.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلْقَمَةُ : هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَثْبَتُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ : لَا، وَلَكِنِّي رَأَيْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ ، وَأَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ" يُشَرِّكُونَ فِي ابْنَتَيْنِ وَبِنْتِ ابْن، ٍوَابْنِ ابْن، وَأُخْتَيْنِ "

It was narrated from Ibrahim, from Masruq, that he used to share (equally in certain cases). Alqama said to him: Is there anyone among them more reliable than Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud)? He said: No. But I saw Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) and the people of Medina sharing equally in the case of two daughters, a granddaughter, a grandson, and two sisters.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ : " فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا، وَأُمَّهَا، وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا، وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا، وَإِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا،جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سِتَّةٍ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا فَبَلَغَتْ عَشْرَةً، لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ، وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنْ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ، وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ سَهْمٌ، وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنْ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ سَهْمَانِ، وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنْ الْأَبِ سَهْمٌ تَكْمِلَةُ الثُّلُثَيْنِ "

It was narrated from Muhammad ibn Sirin, from Shurayh, regarding a woman who died leaving her husband, her mother, her full sister, her paternal sister, and her uterine brothers: 'He divided it from six, then raised it to ten. The husband gets half — three shares; the full sister gets half — three shares; the mother gets a sixth — one share; the uterine brothers share a third — two shares; and the paternal sister gets nothing.'

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُسْهِرٍ ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ : أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ، وَزَيْدًا كَانَا" لَا يَحْجُبَانِ بِالْكُفَّار، وَلا بِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ، وَلَا يُوَرِّثَانِهِمْ شَيْئًا "

It was narrated from al-Sha'bi that Ali and Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both) used not to exclude heirs on account of unbelievers or slaves, nor did they give them any inheritance.

وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ " يَحْجُبُ بِالْكُفَّارِ وَبِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ، وَلَا يُوَرِّثُهُمْ "

It was narrated that Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) used to exclude heirs on account of unbelievers and slaves, but did not give them any inheritance.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ الْحَكَمِ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ : أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ، وَزَيْدًا ، قَالَا :" الْمَمْلُوكُونَ، وَأَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ لا يَحْجُبُونَ وَلا يَرِثُونَ

It was narrated from Ibrahim that Ali and Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: 'Slaves and People of the Book neither block (inheritance) nor inherit.'

وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ :" يَحْجُبُونَ وَلَا يَرِثُونَ "

It was narrated that Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him) said: '(Slaves and unbelievers) block (other heirs from inheriting), but do not inherit themselves.'

أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ : أَنَّ عُمَرَ " كَانَكَتَبَ مِيرَاثَ الْجَدِّ، حَتَّى إِذَا طُعِنَ دَعَا بِهِ فَمَحَاهُ، ثُمّ قَالَ : سَتَرَوْنَ رَأْيَكُمْ فِيهِ "

It was narrated from Sa'id (ibn al-Musayyib) that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had written down the inheritance share of the grandfather. But when he was stabbed, he called for the document and erased it, then said: 'You will see your own opinion regarding it.'