127 results for “qa”

Clear filter
Books 127 results
Ibn al-Qayyim Zad al-Ma'ad (Provisions of the Hereafter)

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A comprehensive guide to the Prophet's life and practi...

Imam ash-Shatibi Al-Muwafaqat

...bi. A foundational work on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid ash-shariah). Revolutionized the field of usul al-fiqh.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Fath al-Bari (Explanation of Sahih al-Bukhari)

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most comprehensive and authoritative commentary on...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Bulugh al-Maram

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. A concise collection of hadith that form the legal bas...

Sahnun ibn Sa'id Al-Mudawwanah al-Kubra

...ence. Sahnun compiled it from the legal responses of Ibn al-Qasim, Imam Malik's most prominent student, covering the entir...

Abdullah Ba Fadl Al-Muqaddimah al-Hadramiyyah

By Abdullah Ba Fadl. A concise beginner-level Shafi'i fiqh manual widely studied in Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Hadrami diaspora communities. It covers

Ibn al-Qayyim I'lam al-Muwaqqi'in

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A masterwork on the philosophy and methodology of Isla...

Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti Al-Ashbah wan-Naza'ir (as-Suyuti)

...Din as-Suyuti. A foundational work on Islamic legal maxims (qawa'id fiqhiyyah) from the Shafi'i perspective. As-Suyuti org...

Ibn Abi al-Izz Sharh al-Aqeedah at-Tahawiyyah

...y influenced by the methodology of Ibn Taymiyyah and Ibn al-Qayyim, and is one of the most widely taught aqeedah texts in ...

Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi Lum'at al-I'tiqad

By Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi. A brief creedal text presenting the Athari aqeedah of the Hanbali school. Ibn Qudamah compiled the essential beliefs of Ahl us-Sunnah

Al-Lalika'i Sharh Usul I'tiqad Ahl us-Sunnah

By Al-Lalika'i. A massive compilation of creedal statements and narrations from the Prophet, the Companions, the Tabi'in, and later scholars of Ahl us-Sunnah, o

Ibn Sa'd Tabaqat Ibn Sa'd (Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra)

...nions, and the Tabi'in arranged in generational layers (tabaqat). Ibn Sa'd, a student of al-Waqidi, compiled detailed biog...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz as-Sahabah

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of the ...

Ibn Khaldun Al-Muqaddimah (Prolegomena)

By Ibn Khaldun. A groundbreaking introduction to Ibn Khaldun's universal history, widely regarded as the first work of sociology, historiography, and philosophy

Qadi Iyad Ash-Shifa

By Qadi Iyad. A beloved work on the rights, qualities, and miracl...

Ibn al-Qayyim Madarij as-Salikin

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A profound work on the spiritual journey to Allah, str...

Ibn al-Qayyim Al-Wabil as-Sayyib

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A work on the virtues of dhikr (remembrance of Allah) ...

Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi Mukhtasar Minhaj al-Qasidin

...damah al-Maqdisi. An abridgment of Ibn al-Jawzi's Minhaj al-Qasidin, which itself was a purified version of al-Ghazali's I...

Ibn al-Qayyim Al-Jawab al-Kafi (The Sufficient Answer)

By Ibn al-Qayyim. Written in response to a question about the cure for s...

Ibn al-Qayyim Al-Fawa'id

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A collection of spiritual insights, reflections, and b...

Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, Ibn al-Qayyim & al-Ghazali Tazkiyat an-Nafs (Purification of the Soul)

By Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, Ibn al-Qayyim & al-Ghazali. A compiled work drawing from the writings...

Ibn al-Qayyim Ad-Da' wad-Dawa' (The Disease and the Cure)

By Ibn al-Qayyim. Also known as al-Jawab al-Kafi in some editions, this ...

Ibn Hisham an-Nahwi Qatr an-Nada wa Ball as-Sada

By Ibn Hisham an-Nahwi. An intermediate Arabic grammar text that bridges the gap between the elementary al-Ajrumiyyah and the advanced Alfiyyah of Ibn Malik. Ib

Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni Al-Waraqat

By Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. A concise primer on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that covers the essential topics in just a few pages: types of legal

Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi Rawdat an-Nadhir wa Junnat al-Munadhir

...tion of continuity). The work is studied alongside al-Muwafaqat as one of the two pillars of Sunni legal theory.

Imam al-Ghazali Al-Mustasfa min Ilm al-Usul

...perty) profoundly influenced all later scholarship on the maqasid ash-shariah.

Qadi Abu Yusuf Kitab al-Kharaj (Book of Taxation)

By Qadi Abu Yusuf. Written at the request of Caliph Harun ar-Rash...

Ibn Khaldun Muqaddimah (Prolegomenon)

By Ibn Khaldun. A groundbreaking work of social science that preceded modern sociology, historiography, and economics by centuries. Ibn Khaldun analyzes the ris

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Nukhbat al-Fikar (The Best of Thinking)

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most widely studied introductory text on hadith te...

Imam as-Suyuti Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran

By Imam as-Suyuti. The most comprehensive work on the sciences of the Quran (ulum al-Quran). As-Suyuti covers 80 distinct sciences related to the Quran includin

Az-Zarkashi Al-Burhan fi Ulum al-Quran

... of the Quran that preceded and influenced as-Suyuti's al-Itqan. Az-Zarkashi organized the Quranic sciences into 47 types,...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Al-Isabah (Identifying the Companions)

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of the ...

Ibn al-Qayyim Miftah Dar as-Sa'adah (Key to the Abode of Happiness)

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A wide-ranging work that begins as a treatise on the v...

Ibn al-Qayyim Ighathat al-Lahfan (Aid for the Yearning)

By Ibn al-Qayyim. A detailed exposition of Satan's traps and how to esca...

Qadi Iyad Ash-Shifa (The Healing)

By Qadi Iyad. One of the most beloved works on the Prophet Muhamm...

Various scholars Al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah (Legal Maxims)

By Various scholars. A compilation of the fundamental legal maxims upon which Islamic jurisprudence is built. The five universal maxims are: actions are judged

Ibn Nujaym al-Misri Al-Bahr ar-Ra'iq

By Ibn Nujaym al-Misri. A major commentary on Kanz ad-Daqa'iq in Hanafi jurisprudence. Ibn Nujaym provides clear expla...

Imam ash-Shawkani Nayl al-Awtar

By Imam ash-Shawkani. A commentary on Muntaqa al-Akhbar by Ibn Taymiyyah's grandfather, covering the hadi...

Abu al-Barakat an-Nasafi Kanz ad-Daqa'iq

By Abu al-Barakat an-Nasafi. An extremely concise summary of Hanafi jurisprudence that became one of the most commented-upon texts in the school. Despite its br

Imam al-Ghazali Al-Iqtisad fi al-I'tiqad

By Imam al-Ghazali. Al-Ghazali's mature work on Islamic theology, presenting the Ash'ari creed with rational proofs in a balanced and moderate tone. The title m

Ibn Hibban Rawdat al-Uqala

By Ibn Hibban. A delightful collection of wisdom, anecdotes, and etiquettes compiled by the great hadith scholar Ibn Hibban. The work covers topics such as inte

Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani Dala'il al-I'jaz

By Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani. A foundational work on Arabic rhetoric and t...

Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani Asrar al-Balaghah

By Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani. A companion work to Dala'il al-I'jaz, focusi...

Imam al-Qarafi Al-Furuq (Anwar al-Buruq)

By Imam al-Qarafi. A unique work in Islamic jurisprudence that identifies...

Imam ash-Shatibi Al-Muwafaqat (detailed)

...i. A revolutionary work on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid ash-shariah) that shifted legal theory from focusing sol...

Ibn as-Salah Muqaddimah Ibn as-Salah

By Ibn as-Salah. The most influential intermediate work on hadith terminology and methodology, synthesizing the earlier works of al-Hakim and al-Khatib into a c

Ibn al-Humam Fath al-Qadir

By Ibn al-Humam. A masterful commentary on al-Hidayah that combines hadith verification with legal analysis. Ibn al-Humam, one of the greatest late Hanafi schol

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Tahdhib at-Tahdhib

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. An abridgment and refinement of al-Mizzi's Tahdhib al-...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Taqrib at-Tahdhib

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. A concise summary of Tahdhib at-Tahdhib, providing the...

Sa'd ad-Din at-Taftazani Sharh al-Maqasid

By Sa'd ad-Din at-Taftazani. An advanced work on Islamic theology that became a standard textbook in Ottoman-era madrasas. At-Taftazani covers the major theolog

Sa'd ad-Din at-Taftazani Sharh al-Aqa'id an-Nasafiyyah

By Sa'd ad-Din at-Taftazani. A widely studied commentary on Najm ad-Din an-Nasafi's creedal text, representing the standard Maturidi theological position. At-Ta

Taj ad-Din as-Subki Tabaqat ash-Shafi'iyyah al-Kubra

By Taj ad-Din as-Subki. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of Shafi'i scholars, from Imam ash-Shafi'i himself through the author's contemporaries. A

Abd al-Qadir al-Qurashi Al-Jawahir al-Mudiyyah

By Abd al-Qadir al-Qurashi. The most important biographical dictionary o...

Badr ad-Din az-Zarkashi Al-Manthur fi al-Qawa'id

...rkashi. A comprehensive collection of Islamic legal maxims (qawa'id fiqhiyyah) organized alphabetically. Az-Zarkashi gathe...

Imam al-Juwayni Al-Burhan fi Usul al-Fiqh

...roaches to legal reasoning including early discussions of maqasid (objectives) of Islamic law that influenced later schola...

Abu al-Layth as-Samarqandi Tanbih al-Ghafilin

By Abu al-Layth as-Samarqandi. A beloved collection of sermons and exhortations on fai...

Sa'id ibn Ali ibn Wahf al-Qahtani Hisn al-Muslim (Fortress of the Muslim)

By Sa'id ibn Ali ibn Wahf al-Qahtani. A pocket-sized collection of authentic daily supplica...

Ibn Rushd al-Jadd Al-Muqaddimaat al-Mumahhidaat

By Ibn Rushd al-Jadd. A foundational work in Maliki jurisprudence by the grandfather of the famous philosopher Ibn Rushd. It serves as an extensive introduction

Ibn Battal al-Qurtubi Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari by Ibn Battal

...ting the views of the major schools of fiqh. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani frequently referenced this work in his own commentary.

Badr ad-Din al-Ayni Umdat al-Qari

By Badr ad-Din al-Ayni. A comprehensive commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari written from a Hanafi perspective, considered the counterpart to Ibn Hajar's Fath al-Bari

Qadi Iyad Ikmal al-Mu'lim

By Qadi Iyad. A major commentary on Sahih Muslim by the renowned ...

Al-Khatib al-Qazwini Talkhis al-Miftah

By Al-Khatib al-Qazwini. A concise and elegant summary of As-Sakkaki's Miftah ...

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah I'lam al-Muwaqqi'in (detailed)

By Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. A groundbreaking work on Islamic legal th...

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah At-Turuq al-Hukmiyyah

By Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. A specialized work on Islamic judicial po...

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah Shifa al-Alil

By Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. A detailed treatment of divine decree (qa...

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah Tibb an-Nabawi (Prophetic Medicine)

By Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. Extracted from Zad al-Ma'ad, this work co...

Ahmad al-Qastallani Al-Mawahib al-Ladunniyyah

By Ahmad al-Qastallani. A comprehensive biography of the Prophet focusing ...

Muhammad at-Tahir ibn Ashur Maqasid ash-Shari'ah

... on ash-Shatibi's foundation. Ibn Ashur argues for making maqasid an independent discipline of Islamic law, not merely a s...

Muhammad at-Tahir ibn Ashur Tafsir at-Tahrir wat-Tanwir

...al modern tafsir that combines classical scholarship with maqasid-based analysis. Ibn Ashur pays special attention to the ...

Fakhr al-Din al-Zayla'i Tabyin al-Haqaiq

...Fakhr al-Din al-Zayla'i. A detailed commentary on Kanz al-Daqaiq by al-Nasafi, one of the most important Hanafi legal text...

Sahnun ibn Sa'id Al-Mudawwanah al-Kubra

...isprudence, compiled by Sahnun from the teachings of Ibn al-Qasim, a direct student of Imam Malik. It records Imam Malik's...

Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Humam Fath al-Qadir

By Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Humam. A masterful commentary on al-Hidayah, considered one of the finest works of Hanafi legal analysis. Ibn al-Humam combines deep know

Ibn Rushd al-Jadd Al-Muqaddimat al-Mumahhidat

By Ibn Rushd al-Jadd. An introduction to the al-Mudawwanah by the grandfather of the famous philosopher Ibn Rushd. It provides essential context and legal princ

Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi Al-Dhakhirah

By Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi. One of the most comprehensive works of Maliki jurispru...

Badr al-Din al-Ayni Umdat al-Qari

By Badr al-Din al-Ayni. One of the three greatest commentaries on Sahih al-Bukhari, alongside Fath al-Bari. Al-Ayni wrote this as a Hanafi counterpart to Ibn Ha

Ahmad al-Qastallani Irshad al-Sari

By Ahmad al-Qastallani. The third of the three great commentaries on Sahih...

Qadi Iyad Ikmal al-Mu'allim

By Qadi Iyad. A completion of al-Maziri's al-Mu'allim bi-Fawaid M...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Al-Talkhis al-Habir

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. A critical work of hadith verification (takhrij) for t...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Tahdhib al-Tahdhib

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. An abridgment and refinement of al-Mizzi's Tahdhib al-...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Taqrib al-Tahdhib

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. An ultra-concise summary of Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, giving...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Lisan al-Mizan

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. A reworking of al-Dhahabi's Mizan al-I'tidal focused o...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of the ...

Ibn Khaldun Kitab al-Ibar

...Ibn Khaldun. The full historical work of which the famous Muqaddimah is the introduction. The Kitab al-Ibar covers the his...

Abu Ishaq ash-Shatibi Al-Muwafaqat fi Usul ash-Shari'ah

.... A groundbreaking work on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid ash-shari'ah). Ash-Shatibi argues that understanding the...

Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran

By Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti. The most comprehensive classical work on the sciences of the Quran, covering 80 categories including revelation, compilation, recitat

Badr ad-Din az-Zarkashi Al-Burhan fi Ulum al-Quran

...Quran. This work directly influenced as-Suyuti's later Al-Itqan.

Abu al-Qasim at-Tabarani Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir

By Abu al-Qasim at-Tabarani. The largest of at-Tabarani's three mu'jam (...

Abu al-Qasim at-Tabarani Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat

By Abu al-Qasim at-Tabarani. The middle-sized of at-Tabarani's three mu'...

Abu Hatim ibn Hibban Sahih Ibn Hibban (At-Taqasim wal-Anwa')

... arranged in a unique organizational system of divisions (taqasim) and types (anwa') rather than the usual fiqh-chapter ar...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Lisan al-Mizan

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. An expansion and correction of adh-Dhahabi's Mizan al-...

Zayn ad-Din ibn Nujaym Al-Bahr ar-Ra'iq Sharh Kanz ad-Daqa'iq

...bn Nujaym. An important Hanafi fiqh commentary on Kanz ad-Daqa'iq by an-Nasafi. Ibn Nujaym's sharp legal analysis and thor...

Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti Al-Ashbah wan-Naza'ir (Shafi'i Legal Maxims)

...as-Suyuti. A systematic collection of Shafi'i legal maxims (qawa'id fiqhiyyah) organized around the five universal maxims....

Ahmad az-Zarqa Sharh al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah

By Ahmad az-Zarqa. A clear and accessible commentary on 99 legal maxims from ...

Ibn Khaldun Al-Muqaddimah (The Prolegomenon)

By Ibn Khaldun. One of the most important works in the history of social science. Ibn Khaldun analyzes the rise and fall of civilizations through his concept of

Taj ad-Din as-Subki Tabaqat ash-Shafi'iyyah al-Kubra

By Taj ad-Din as-Subki. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of Shafi'i scholars, covering over 1,500 entries from Imam ash-Shafi'i to as-Subki's own

Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni Al-Irshad ila Qawati' al-Adillah

By Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. A mature Ash'ari theological treatise that represents the most developed form of kalam before al-Ghazali. Al-Juwayni addresses t

Abu Hamid al-Ghazali Al-Iqtisad fil-I'tiqad (Moderation in Belief)

By Abu Hamid al-Ghazali. Al-Ghazali's systematic presentation of Ash'ari theology, written as a balanced middle path between excessive rationalism and pure trad

Shams al-A'immah as-Sarakhsi Usul as-Sarakhsi

...i legal tools with thoroughness. It represents the Hanafi fuqaha' approach to usul as opposed to the mutakallimun approach...

Abdullah Ba-Fadl Al-Muqaddimah al-Hadramiyyah

By Abdullah Ba-Fadl. A beginner's text in Shafi'i fiqh that is widely studied in Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Hadrami diaspora. Ba-Fadl presents the ess

Sahnun ibn Sa'id Al-Mudawwanah al-Kubra

...ions transmitted from Imam Malik through his student Ibn al-Qasim into a comprehensive fiqh work covering all chapters of ...

Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani Ar-Risalah (The Epistle)

By Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani. The most famous beginner's text in Maliki fiqh, stu...

Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi Al-Qawanin al-Fiqhiyyah

By Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi. A unique comparative fiqh manual that presents the positions of all four Sunni schools on each issue in a clear, organized format. Ibn J

Shihab ad-Din al-Qarafi Adh-Dhakhirah (The Treasury)

By Shihab ad-Din al-Qarafi. A major Maliki fiqh encyclopedia by one of the greates...

Shihab ad-Din al-Qarafi Al-Furuq (Anwar al-Buruq fi Anwa' al-Furuq)

By Shihab ad-Din al-Qarafi. A groundbreaking work that identifies 548 distinctions...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz as-Sahabah

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The most comprehensive biographical dictionary of the ...

Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani Hilyat al-Awliya' wa Tabaqat al-Asfiya'

By Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani. A biographical dictionary of pious Muslims emphasizing their spiritual states, devotional practices, and wise sayings.

Ahmad ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi Mukhtasar Minhaj al-Qasidin

...damah al-Maqdisi. An abridgment of Ibn al-Jawzi's Minhaj al-Qasidin, a Hanbali-friendly version of al-Ghazali's Ihya.

Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah Al-Wabil as-Sayyib min al-Kalim at-Tayyib

By Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. A beautiful treatise on dhikr and its 70+...

Muhammad ibn Ali ash-Shawkani Nayl al-Awtar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbar

By Muhammad ibn Ali ash-Shawkani. A comprehensive hadith commentary presenting the views of all four schools on each hadith.

Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani Al-Muqaddimah al-Qayrawaniyyah fil-Ibadat

By Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani. A concise Maliki primer focused on worship and cree...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The World of the Angels

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. A comprehensive study of the Islamic theology of angels: ...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The World of the Jinn and Devils

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. An academic examination of the jinn: their creation, natu...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The Minor Resurrection

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. Covers the signs before the major resurrection, the natur...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The Day of Resurrection

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. A detailed study of Islamic eschatology of the Last Day i...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The Garden and the Fire

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. Describes Paradise and Hell based on Quranic verses and a...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar The Messengers and the Messages

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. A systematic study of prophethood in Islam: necessity of ...

Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar Allah's Qadar

By Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar. A thorough examination of divine decree: its four levels,...

Yusuf al-Qaradawi The Sunnah: A Source of Civilization

By Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Demonstrates how the prophetic Sunnah is a comprehen...

Ahmad Farid Purification of the Soul

...es of the heart and the path to purification through Ibn al-Qayyim and Ibn Taymiyyah.

Bakr Abu Zayd The Life of Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah

By Bakr Abu Zayd. A biography of Ibn Taymiyyah's foremost student, tracing his extraordinary scholarly output across fiqh, hadith, tafsir, and spirituality.

Aaidh ibn Abdullah al-Qarni Don't Be Sad

By Aaidh ibn Abdullah al-Qarni. A widely-read Islamic self-help work addressing anxiety...

Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Bringing Up Children in Islam

By Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood. A practical guide for Muslim parents on...

Yusuf al-Qaradawi Islamic Etiquette

By Yusuf al-Qaradawi. A guide to the refined manners and etiquette encoura...

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah Patience and Gratitude

By Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. Ibn al-Qayyim's classic work on the virtu...

Ibn al-Qayyim I'lam al-Muwaqqi'in

By Ibn al-Qayyim. Ibn al-Qayyim's major work on usul al-fiqh and the con...

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani Nuzhat al-Nazar: Commentary on Nukhbat al-Fikar

By Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani's own commentary on his shorter ...

Men and the Universe: Reflections of Ibn al-Qayyim

By