Part 111

631 Taqqoosh op. cit., p. 381 632 Taqqoosh op. cit, p. 381 633 op. cit., p. 382 Boosayni op. cit., p. 115 634 Ibn Wasil, Mufarrij al-Kuroob, vol. 1, p. 186 635 op. cit., p. 116 636 Ibid 637 al-Maqdisiop. cit., vol. 1, p. 304 638 al-Maqdisi op. cit, vol. 2, p. 248 639 op. cit., vol. 2, p. 252 640 op. cit., vol. 2, p. 249 641 Zakkar, al-Mawsoo'ah ash-Shdmilah fi Tdreekh al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah, vol. 24, p. 146 642 al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in: an-Nasir, al-Jihdd wat-Tajdeed, p. 209 al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in: an-Nasir, al-Jihdd wat-Tajdeed, p. 215 ibid. 649 quoted in Qal'aji, Qadri, Saldh ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi, p. 161 650 ibid. 651 al-Asqalani, p. 137 652 Sayyid, Ahmad, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah zamdn Saldteen Bani Ayyoob, p. 59 653 al-Asqalani, p. 139 654 ibid.. 655 ibid 656 Ibn Katheer, al-Biddyah wan-Nihdyah, vol. 16, p. 451 646 al-Maqreezi op. cit., vol. 3, p. 317 647 al-Asqalani op. cit., p. 137 648 Al-Maqreezi, Al-Mawd'idh wal Ttibdr bi Dhikr al-Khutat wal Athdr, Qal'aji op. cit., p. 161 657 op. cit., vol. 16, p. 451 658 Al-Maqdisi op. cit. Al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 195 704 A siege device comprising a movable arched screen that protects the besiegers' approach to a wall. 705 al-Kdmilfit-Tdreekh, quoted in: Husayn, al-Jaysh al-Ayyoobi, p.383 679 ; al-Asqalani op. cit., p. 137 659 Ay as: a city in Armenia on the coast Sis: the capital of Armenia. 660 Subh al-A'sha, vol. 4, p. 134 Ibn Katheer, al-Biddyah wan-Nihdyah, 661 vol. 16, p. 457 al-Hayara, Mustafa, Saldh ad-Deen al-Qd'id wa 662 Asruhu, p. 168 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 282 ibid. 663 al-Asqalani op. cit., p. 146 666 ibid; Ibn Wasil 664 op. cit., vol. 1, p. 244, 245 al-Asqalani, p. 146 665 al-Hayara op. cit, p. 169 al-Maqdisi op. cit., 667vol. 2, p. 278 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 287 668op. cit., vol. 2, p. 288 al-Hayara op. cit., p. 170 669al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 287 ibid. 670 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 287 677 ibid. 678 ibid. al-Hayara op. cit., p. 172 al-Hayara, Saldh ad-Deen al-Qd'id wa 'Asruhu, quoting from al-Maqdisi op. cit., p. 172 ibid. 683 ibid al-Maqdisi op. cit. Al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 289 684 al-Hayara op. cit., p. 173 685 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 290 Al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 290 ibid. 686 al-Hayara op. cit., p. 173 689 al-Hayara op. cit., p. 173 690 adh-Dhahabi, Siydr A'ldm an-Nubald\ vol. 20, pp. 594, 595 Ibn Wasil op. cit., vol. 1, p. 212 adh-Dhahabi op. cit., vol. 20, p. 596 ibid. al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 293 Bihar al-Anwdr, vol. 60, p. 208; Tafseer al-Qummi, p. 596 Tafseer al-'Aydshi, vol. 1, p. 304; al-Burhdn, vol. 1, p. 456 Tafseer al-Aydshi, vol. 1, p. 305; al-Burhdn, vol. 1, p. 457 Bihar al-Anwdr, vol. 60, p. 211; al-Qifari, 'Ali, Usool Usool ash-Sheelah, vol. 2, p. 900 Bihar al-Anwdr, vol. 5, p. 208 Muslim, vol. 2, p. 2970 Husayn, Muhsin Muhammad al-Jaysh al-Ayyoohi fi 'Ahd Salah ad-Deen, p. 382 as-Sayyid, Mahmood, Tdreekh al-Qabd'il al-'Arabiyah fi 'Asr ad-Dawlatayn al-Ayyoobiyah wal-Mamlookiyah, p. 80 op. cit., p. 81 706 ibid. 707 ibid. 708 Ibn Shaddad, Seerat Salah ad-Deen, p. 47, 48; al-Kdmil fitTdreekh, 710 'Alwan, Salah ad-Deen, p. 38 712 'Alwan, 'Abd-Allah, Salah ad-Deen, p. 38 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Islamiyah Zaman Saldteen Bani Ayub, p. 56 ibid. Wilalyah was the concept that the caliph was the divinely-ordained ruler, who was carrying out God's commands. (Editor) 713 Al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in: Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Islamiyah, p. 56 714 op. cit., p. 57 715 ibid. 716 ibid. 717 al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in: Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p 718 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah Zaman Saldteen Bani Ayub, p. 60, 61 719 op. cit., p. 93 720 al-Maqreezi, al-Khutat, vol. 4, p. 53 721 al-Maqreezi, al-Khutat, vol. 4, p. 46; Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 93 722 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 93 723 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 94 op. cit., p. 97 724 ibid. 725 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 210; 726 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p.61 727 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 61 op. cit., p. 62 728 ibid. 729 Brockelmann, Carl, Tdreekh ash-Shu'oob al-Isldmiyah, pp. 63-65 730 op. cit., p. 66 731 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, p. 210 Brockelmann, 732 Tdreekh ash-Shu'oob al-Islamyah, p. 66 733 al- 'Imdrah alArabiyah fee Misr al-Isldmiyah, pp. 324-326 734 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 68 736 al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in: Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 70 737 al-Maqdisi op. cit., vol. 2, pp. 214-223 738 Sayyid, Tdreekh Misr al-Isldmiyah, p. 76 739 "The institution of the hisbah has been generally understood as oneseekingto ensure correct economic and commercial practices among the Muslim." Muhammad 'Umar Memon. 'Review of Public Duties in Islam: The Institution of the Hisba by', (trans.) International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 17, No. 1. (Feb., 1985), pp. 141-142. (Translator) 740 Boosayni, Dawr Noor ad-Deen fi Nahdat al-Ummah, p. 118 741 Hdkadha Dhdhara J eel ad-Deen Salah ad-Deen, quoted in: Boosayni, Dawr Noor ad-Deen fee Nahdat al-Ummah, p. 118 742 Boosayni, Dawr Noor ad-Deen fi Nahdat al-Ummah, p. 118 743 al-Bdhir, p. 158; Boosayni, Dawr Noor ad-Deen fi Nahdat al-Ummah, p. 118 744 al-Maqdisi op. cit., quoted in an-Nasir, al-Jihad wat-Tajdeed, p. 213 745 an-Nasir, al-Jihad wat-Tajdeed, p.