Select Bibliography

561. Zakkar, al-Mawsoo'ah ash-Shamilah fee Tareekh al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah, vol. 16, p. 216 562. Ibn Katheer, al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah, vol. 16, p. 655 563. op. cit., vol. 16, p. 656 564. Ibn Tagharri, Yoosuf, An-Nujoom adh-Dhdhirah fee Mulook Misr walQdhirah, vol. 6, pp. 52-53 565. Muslim, hadith no. 2956 566. al-Maqdisi, Kitab ar-Rawdatayn, vol. 4, p. 370 567.

'Ashoor, Dr. Sa'eed 'Abd al-Fattah, al-Harakah as-Saleebiyah, p. 718 568. Ibn Shaddad, an-Nawadir as-Sultaniyyah, p. 43, 44; 'Ashoor, al-Harakah as-Saleebiyah, p. 718 Select Bibliography 'Abd al-Haleem, Dr. Ali.al-Ghazw as-Saleebi wal-'Alam al-Isldmi [The Crusadesand the Muslim World].1st ed.airo: Dar al-Tawzee' wan-Nashr al-Islamiyah, 1414 AH/1993 CE 'Abd al-Hadi, Dr.amal & Rif at, Dr.afa' Muhammad. At-Tareeq ild Bayt al-Maqdis [The Road to Jerusalem].2nd ed.ar at-Tawzee' wan-Nashr alIslamiyah, 1422 AH/2001 CE 'Abd al-Jawad, Ahmad.

Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi.1st ed.idon/ Beirut: Al-Maktabat al-'Asriyah, 1424 AH/2004 CE 4 Abd al-Mahdi, Dr. Abd al-Jaleel Husayn. Bayt al-Maqdis fee Adah al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [Jerusalem in Crusader Literature].2nd ed.ar alBasheer, 1415 AH/1995 CE al-'Abdah, Muhammad. Ayu 'eed at-Tareekh Nafsahu?[Soes History Repeat Itself?]. 3rd ed.419 AH/1999 CE 'Abdah Qasim, Qasim. Mdhiyat al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah: alEediyulujiyah, ad-Dawdfi', an-Natd'ij [The Nature of the Crusades: Ideology\ Motives, Outcomes]. 2nd ed.uwait: Dhat al-Salasil, 1993 CE 'Abdullah, Dr.asim.

Al-Khalfeeyah al-Eediyulujiyah lil-Huroob asSaleebiyah [Ideological Background to the Crusades].Cairo ed.1987 CE 'Abdur-Rahman, 'Abdur-Rahman Muhammad. Ad-Deebloomasiyah al-Islamiyah [Islamic Diplomacy].Soctoral thesis, Al-Azhar University.ar alYaqeen, Misr al-Mansoorah. But Fans. Duroos wa Ta'ammuldt fil-Huroob as-Saleebiyah. Amman, Jordan: Dar al-Furqan Abu al-Hayja', Dr.u'ad Hasan Husayn.

AshVr al-Jihad ash-Shdmi fee Muwdjahat as-Saleebiyeen [Poetry of the Syrian Jihad against the Crusaders]. 1st ed.mman: Dar al-Manahij lin-Nashr wat-Tawzee4, 1424 AH/2004 CE Abu ash-Shabab, Dr.hmad 'Awad. Muqawwimdt an-Nasr fee Daw9 al-Quran was-Sunnah [Ways of Achieving Victory in the Light of the Qur'anandSunnah].1st ed.idon/Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-'Asriyah, 1420 AH/1999 CE Abu Zayd, Shakir Ahmad. Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah wal-Usrah azZankiyah [The Crusadesand the Zangid Dynasty]. 'Ulwan, 'Abdullah. Asaleeh ad-Deen.

Egypt: Dar al-Salam al-'Adoor, Muneer. Al-Wajeez fish-Sham Ard al-Anbiyay wa Mdhd al-Asfeeydy [Syria, and of the Prophet (SAW)and the Righteous]. 1st ed.amascus: Dar al-Farabi lil-Maarif, 1420 AH/2000 CE al-'Affani, Dr. Byyid Husayn. Wd Qudsdh! [O Jerusalem!]. 1st ed.aktabat Mu'adh ibn Jabal, Dar al-'Affani, 2001 AH/1421 CE al-Ameen, Dr. Al-Ameen as-Sadiq.

Ath-Thabdt lala Deen-Illdh wa Atharuhufee Hay at al-Muslim fee Dawf al-Kitab was-Sunnah [Steadfastness in Adhering to God's Religionand its Effect on the Muslim's Life in the Light of the Qur'anandSunnah]. 1st ed.ar Ibn al-Jawzi, 2004 CE Armstrong, Karen. Al-Huroob al-Muqaddasah: al-Hamaldt asSaleebiyah wa Atharuha 'aid al-'Alam al-Yawm [Holy War: The Crusadesand their Impact on Today's World]. Random House al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. AAl-Qadi al-Fadil 'Abd ar-Raheem alBaysani. 'Ashoor, Dr.

Mayid. Jihad al-Muslimeen fil-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [Muslims1 Jihad during the Crusades].3rd ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, 1405 AH 'Ashoor, Dr. Mayid Hamid Muhammad. Al-Jihdd didd asSaleebiyeen fil-'Asr al-Ayyoobi [Islamic Jihad against the Crusaders during the Ayubid Era].1st ed.ar al-I'tisam 'Ashoor, Sa'eed 'Abd al-Fattah. Hatteen: Waqd'i' wa 'Ibar [Hattin: EventsandLessons].

'Ashoor, Dr.a'eed 'Abd al-Fattah. Misr wash-Sham fee (Ahd alAyyoobiyeen wal-Mamdleek [Egypt andSyria at the time of the AyubidsandMamelukes].Beirut: Dar an-Nahdah al-'Arabiyah 'Ashoor, Sa'eed. Al-Harakah as-Saleebiyah [The Crusader Movement].4th ed.aktabat al-Anglo al-Misriyah, 1986 CE 'Ashoor, Sa'eed 'Abd al-Fattah. Urubba fil-'Usoor al-Wustd [Europe in the Middle Ages]. 'Atiyah, Dr.ameel 'Abd al-Majeed.

Tand heem Sind'at at-Tibb Khildl Usoor al-Hadarah al-'Arabiyah al-Islamiyah [Medicine during the Islamic Arab Era].1st ed.aktabat al-'Ubaykan, 2002 CE 'Awad, Dr.uhammad Mu'nis Ahmad. Fann as-Sird' al-lsldmi: asSiydsah al-Kharijiyah lid-Dawlah an-Nooriyah [Foreign Politics of the Nurid State]. 1st ed. Ayn li'd-Dirasat wal-Buhooth, 1998 CE 'Awad, Muhammad Mu'nis. Dirdsdt fit-Tareekh: al-'Aldqdt bayn ash-Sharq wal-Gharb [Studies in the History of East-West Ties]. al-'Awdah, Salman. Asifdt al-Ghuraba' [Attributes of those who are Strangers in this world]. 2nd ed.ingdom of Saudi Arabia: Dar Ibn alJawzi, 1412 AH/1991 CE al-'Azawi, 'Abbas.

At-Ta'reef bil-Muyarrikheen fee 'Ahd alMaghool wat-Turkmdn [Introduction to Historians at the Time of the MongolsandTurkomans]. Baghdad: 1376 AH/ 1957 CE 'Azzam, Sameer. Hukam Qaraqoosh, al-Ameer al-Muftara 'alayhi Bahd' ad-Deen Qaraqoosh [Rulings of Qaraqoosh, the Maligned Emir Bahd' al-Deen Qaraqoosh].1st ed.mman: Dar al-Bayariq, 1420 AH/1999 CE Badawi, Dr. Abd al-Majeed Abu al-Futooh. At-Tareekh as-Siydsi wal-Fikri lil-Madh-hab as-Sunni fil-Mashriq al-Isldmi min al-Qarn alKhamis al-Hijri hattd Suqoot Baghdad [PoliticalandIntellectual History of the Sunni School of Thought in the Islamic East from the Fifth Century AH until the Fall of Baghdad]. 2nd ed.408 AH/1988 CE al-Baghdadi, 'Abd al-Qahir ibn Tahir.al-Faraq bayna al-Feeraq [Differences between Sects].

Annotated by Muhammad Muhiy ad-Deen 'Abd al-Hameed. Heirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah al-Balawi, Dr.alamah Muhammad al-Harfee. Dawr al-Mar'ah filIstikhbarat al-Islamiyah [Woman's Role in Islamic Intelligence]. 1st ed.414 AH/1994 CE Bali, Dr. Maysal ibn Ja'far ibn 'Abdullah. Al-Vdad al-Ma'nawi walMdddi lil-Ma'rakah fee Daw' al-Qur'dn was-Sunnah [MaterialandMoral Preparation for Battle in the Light of the Qur'anandSunnah].1st ed.aktabat at-Tawbah as-Sa'oodiyah, 1419 AH/1999 CE Barker, Earnest.

Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [The Crusades]. Translated into Arabic by Dr. AsSayyid al-Baz al-'Urayni. Heirut: Dar an-Nahdah al-'Arabiyah Basboos, Ahmad 'Abd Rabbihi. Al-Quds Tunddeekum [Jerusalem is Calling You]. 1st ed.

Amman: Dar al-Basheer.415 AH/1995 CE al-Bayshawi, Sa'eed 'Abdullah & 'Awad, Muhammad Mu'nis. Tareekh al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [History of the Crusades]. Manshoorat Bayt al-Maqdis, 2004 CE Bayyoomi, Muhammad. Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi Qdhir al- 'Udwdn as-Saleebi [Salah ad-Deen al-Ayubiy Defeater of the Crusader Aggression].Damascus: Dar al-Qalam al-Birshandoor. Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi al-Atqa fil-Islam [Salah ad-Deen al-Ayubi — the Most Pious in Islam].2nd ed.ranslated from Farsi by Sa'eed Abu al-Hasan, 1993 CE BoSayni, 'Abd al-Qadir Ahmad.

Dawr Noor ad-Deen fee Nahdat alUmmah wa Muqdwamah Ghazw al-Feeranjah [Role of Noor ad-Deen in Reviving the UmmahandResisting the Frankish Invasion]. Soctoral thesis, Ma'had at-Tareekh al-'Arabi wat-Turath al-'Ilmi lid-Dirasat al-'Uliya Brockelmann, Carl. Tareekh ash-Shu (oob al-Isldmiyah [History of the Islamic Peoples]. 14th ed. Heirut, Lebanon: Dar al-'Ilm lil-Malayeen, 2000 CE Buhooth fee Tareekh al-Haddrah al-Isldmiyah — Majmoo (ah alBuhooth allati Ulqiyat fee Nadwah al-Haddrah al-Islamiyah fee Dhikrah alUstadh ad-Duktoor Ahmad Fikri [Studies on the History of Islamic Civilization — A Collection of Papers presented to the Seminar on Islamic Civilization held in Memory of Prof. Dr.

Ahmad Fikriy 1976]. Mu'asasat Shabab al-Jami'ah al-Iskand ariyah, 1976 al-Bukhari, Abu 'Abd-Allah Muhammad ibn Isma'eel. Asaheeh alBukhdri 1st ed.ar al-Fikr, 1411 AH/1991 CE ad-Dabbagh, 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Ansari. Ma’alim al-Eemdn fee Ma'rifat Ahl al-Qayrawdn [History of Qayrawdn]. 2nd ed. Innotated by Ibraheem Subbooh.gypt: Maktabat al-Khanji Dajani, Hadiyah.as-Sird' al-Isldmi al-Feeranji 'aid Filasteen filQuroon al-Wustd [The Muslim-Frankish Struggle for Palestine in the Middle Ages].1st ed.u'sasat ad-Dirasat al-Filasteeniyah, 1994 CE adh-Dhahabi, Shams ad-Deen Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn 'Uthman.

Duwal al-lsldm [Countries of Islam]. 1st ed. Heirut: Dar Sadir, 1999 CE adh-Dhahabi, Shams ad-Deen Muhammad Ahmad. Asiydr A 'lam an-Nubald' [Biographies of Prominent Figures]. 7th ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, 1990 CE adh-Dhahabi, Shams ad-Deen Muhammad. Tadhkirah al-Hdfeedh adh-Dhahabi Durant, Will. Qissat al-Haddrah [The Story of Civilization].ranslated by Muhammad Badran.ajnat at-Ta'leef wat-Tarjamah wan-Nashr, 1957 CE Faris, N. ed.

The Arab Heritage, Princeton University Press, 1944 Al-Fath al-Qdsiy fil-Fath al-Qudsi [The Conquest of Jerusalem].Annotated by Muhammad Mahmood.d-Dar al-Qawmiyah litTiba'ah wan-Nashr, 1965 CE (Name of author not provided in original Arabic bibliography-Translator) Fawzi, Farooq 'Umar &Husayn, Dr.uhsin Muhammad.al-Waseet fee Tareekh Filasteen fil-Asr al-Isldmi [History of Palestine in the Islamic Era]. Dar ash-Shurooq al-Ghamidi, Musfeer ibn Salim ibn 'Urayj. Al-Jihad didd asSaleebiyeen feesh-Sharq al-lsldmi [Jihad against the Crusaders in the Muslim East].1st ed.ar al-Matboo'at al-Hadeethah, 1406 AH/1986 CE al-Ghamidi, 'Abdullah Sa'eed Muhammad. Salah ad-Deen wasSaleebiyoon Istirddd Bayt al-Maqdis [Salah ad-Deen and the Crusaders: The Recapture of Jerusalem]. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Fadeelah, 1405 AH/1985 CE al-Ghanaya, Dr.araji' 'Aqeelah.

Asuqoot Dawlat al-Muwahhideen [Fall of the Almohad State]. Manshoorat Jami'at Qariyoos, 1409 AH/1988 CE al-Ghazali, Muhammad. Humoom Dd'iyah. Dar al-Qalam al-Ghazzi, Kamil ibn Husayn. Nahr adh-Dhahab fee Tareekh Halab [A River of Gold in the History of Aleppo]. al-Matba'ah an-Nooriyah al-Ghunaymi, 'Abd al-Fattah Muqallid.

Mawsoo'ah al-Maghrib al- 'Arabi lil-Ghunaymi [Al-GhunaymVs Encyclopaedia of North Africa]. Makkah: Maktabat Madbooli, 1979 Gibb, Sir Hamilton A.. Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi [The Life of Saladin].aktabat Baysan Grousset, Rene. Histoire des Croisades et du Royaume Franc de Jerusalem [The History of the Crusadesand the Frankish Kingdom of Jerusalem]. 3 vols.aris: Plon, 1934-36 Habashi, Hasan. Al-Harb as-Saleebiyah [The Crusader War].Cairo ed.1958 CE Habashi, Hasan.

Noor ad-Deen Mahmood was-Saleebiyoon [Noor ad-Deen Mahmoodand the Crusaders] Habashi, Hasan (trans. A'mdl al-Feeranjah [Deeds of the Franks] Hamadah, Muhammad Mahir. Dirdsah Watheeqah lit-Tareekh alIsldmi wa Musddiruhu min 'Ahd Bani Umayyah hattd al-Fath al-'Uthmdni li Sooriyd wa Misr [A Socumented Study of Islamic Historyand its Sources from the Umayyad Era to the Ottoman Conquest of Syria andEgypt]. 1st ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, 1408 AH Hamadah, Muhammad Mahir. Wathd'iq al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah wal-Ghazw al-Maghooli [Socuments of the Crusadesand the Mongol Invasion]. Beirut: 1986 CE al-Hamawi, Shihab ad-Deen Abu 'Abd-Allah Yaqoot.

Mu'jam alBulddn [Compendium of Foreign Places (Gazetteer)]. Beirut: Dar Sadir, 1979 CE Hammad, Dr. Asamah Ahmad. Madhdhir al-Haddrah al-Isldmiyah fil-Yaman fil-'Asr al-Isldmi [Characteristics of Islamic Civilization in Yemen during the Islamic Era].1st ed.arkaz al-Iskand ariyah lil-Kitab, 1425 AH/2004 CE Hamzah, 4Abd al-Lateef. Al-Fashoosh fee Ahkam Qaraqoosh li Ibn Mamdti al-Hanbali, Ahmad ibn Ibraheem.

Ashifd' al-Quloob fee Mandqib Bani Ayoob [Merits of the Ayubids].Egypt: Maktabat ath-Thaqafah adDeeniyah, 1996 CE/1415 AH al-Hanbali, Ibn al-'Imad. Ashadhardt adh-Dhahab fee Akhbdr man Dhahaba [Reports of those who have Passed Away]. Dar al-Afaq alJadeedah al-Harfee, Dr.uhammad 'Ali. AshVr al-Jihad fil-Huroob asSaleebiyah fee Bilad ash-Sham Poetry of the Jihad during the Crusades in Syria]. 3rd ed.u'asasat ar-Risalah, 1400 AH/ 1980 CE al-Harithi, Dr. Adrian Muhammad Fayiz.'Umran al-Qahirah wa Khutatuhafee Ahd Saleeh ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi [Architecture of Cairo during the Era of Salah ad-Deen al-Ayubi].

Cairo: Maktabat Zahra' ashSharq Hasan, Hasan Ibraheem. Tareekh al-Islam [History of Islam].13th ed. Heirut: Dar al-Jeel, 1411 AH/1991 CE al-Hashimi, 'Abd al-Mun'im. Mawsoo'at Tareekh al-Arab: al-Asr al-Ayyoobi [Encyclopaedia of Arab History: The Ayubid Era]. 1st ed. Heirut: Dar al-Bihar al-Hayara, Dr.ustafa.

Salah ad-Deen: al-Qd'id wa Asruhu [Salah ad-Deen: the Leaderand his Era]. 1st ed.ar al-Gharb al-Islami, 1415 AH Husayn, 'Abd al-Mun'im. Asalajiqah Eerdn wal-'Iraq [The Seljuks of IranandIraq] Husayn, Dr.amdooh. Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah fee Shamdl Ifreeqiyah wa Atharuhd al-Haddri [The Crusades in North Africaand their Cultural Impact]. Dar 'Ammar, 1989 Husayn, Dr.uhsin Muhammad. Al-Jaysh al-Ayyoobi fee 'Ahd Salah ad-Deen [The Ayubid Army during the Reign of Salah ad-Deen]. 1st ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, 1406 AH/1986 CE al-Husayni, Suhaylah.

Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah: Mawdqif wa Tahaddiyyat [The Crusades: AttitudesandChallenges]. 1st ed.airo: Dar atTawzee' wan-Nashr al-Islamiyah, 1423 AH-2003 CE al-Huwayri, Mahmood Muhammad. Misr fil-'Usoor al-Wustd min al-'Asr al-Maseehi hatta al-Fath aWUthmani [Egypt in the Middle Ages from the Christian Era to the Ottoman Conquest]. Al-Maktabat al-Misri li Tawzee' al-Matboo'at, 2002 CE al-'Ibadi, Dr.hmad Mukhtar. Fit-Tareekh al-Ayyoobi wal-Mamlooki [AyubidandMameluke History]. Mu'sasat Shabab al-Jami'ah Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad.

Kitab at-tawhid [Islamic Monotheism]. Ibn al-'Adeem, Kamil ad-Deen Bughiyat at-Talabfee Tareekh Halab [History of Aleppo].Dar al-Waraq, 1426 H Ibn al-'Adeem, Kamal ad-Deen Abul-Qasim. Zubdat al-Halab min Tareekh Halab [The Cream of Aleppan History].Annotated by Sami adDahhan.amascus, 1954 AH Ibn al-Ash'ath, Sulayman. Asunan Abi Ddwood. Annotated by Izzat 'Ubayd ad-Da'as.

Norns: Muhammad asSayyid Ibn al-Atheer. Al-Kamil fit-Tareekh [A Complete History].Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Ma'rifah Ibn al-Atheer. At-Tareekh al-Bdhir fid-Dawlah al-Atdbikiyah bilMawsil [History of the Atabeg State in Mosul].Edited by ' Abd al-Qadir Tulaymat.airo: 1963 CE Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt. Mir'at az-Zamdn fee Tareekh al-A'ydn [The Mirror of Time: Biographies of Prominent Historical Figures]. Hyderabad Deccan, 1951 CE Ibn Katheer al-Qurashi, al-Hafeedh 'Imad ad-Deen Abul-Fida' Isma'eel.

Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah [The Beginningand the End].1st ed.ar Hajar, 1419 AH/1998 CE Ibn Katheer, Isma'eel Abul-Fida'.Tafseer Ibn Katheer [Qur'anic Exegesis of Ibn Katheer].Annotated by 'Abd al-'Azeez Ghunaym, Muhammad Ahmad 'AshoorandMuhammad Ibraheem.airo, Egypt: Matba'at ash-Sha'b Ibn Khaldoon, Tareekh [History] Ibn Khallikan, Abu al-'Abbas Shams ad-Deen Ahmad. Wafeeydt alA'ydn wa Anba' az-Zamdn [Biographies of Prominent People]. Annotated by Is-haq 'Abbas. Heirut: Dar Sadir Ibn al-Khayyat, Diwdn Ibn al-Khayyat [Poetry of Ibn al-Khayyat] Ibn Mansoor, Sa'eed. Asunan Sa'eed ibn Mansoor.

Ibn Munqidh. Al-Vtibar li Ibn Munqidh. Annotated by Philip Hitti.airo: Maktabat ath-Thaqafah ad-Deeniyah Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyah. Tahdheeb Maddrij as-Sdlikeen Ibn Shaddad, Baha' ad-Deen. An-Nawadir as-Sultaniyah walMahdsin al-Yoosufeeyah [The Life of Salah ad-Deen].1st ed.

Innotated by Ahmad Ibish. Byria: Dar al-Awa'il, 2003 CE Ibn Tagharri, Yoosuf Jamal ad-Deen Abu al-Mahasin. An-Nujoom adh-Dhdhirah fee Mulook Misr wal-Qahirah [Eminent Monarchs of Egypt andCairo]. Al-Mu'sasah al-Misriyah al-4Amah lit-Ta'leef wat-Tarjamah Ibn Wasil, Jamal ad-Deen Muhammad ibn Salim. Mufarrij alKuroob fee Akhbdr Bani Ayyoob [History of the Ayubids] Ibraheem, Dr.ahmood.

Hatteen bayna Akhbdr Mu 'arrikheeha wa Shidr Mu'asireeha [Hattin: Accounts of its HistoriansandPoetry of its Contemporaries]. 1st ed.mman: Dar al-Basheer, 1407 AH/1987 CE AllImdrah al- 'Arabiyahfee Misr al-Isldmiyah [Arab Architecture in Islamic Egypt]. 'Imran, Mahmood Sa'eed. Ma'alim Tareekh al-Imbiratooriyah alBeezantiyah [A History of the Byzantine Empire] Tyad, al-Qadi. Tarteeb al-Maddrik wa Taqreeb al-Masalik li Ma'rifat A'lam Madh-hab Malik [Prominent Figures in the Mdliki School of Thought].Annotated by Dr.hmad Bakeer Mahmood. Heirut: Maktabat al-Hayat.

Al-Janzoori, 'Aliyah. Imdrat ar-Ruha [The County of Edessa] al-Janzoori, Dr. Aliyah. Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyahy al-Muqaddimdt as-Siydsiyah [The Crusades: Political Precursers]. Al-Hay'ah al-'Amah alMisriyah lil-Kitab Jarrar, Husni Adham.

Min Ajli Feelasteen: Mawdqif 'abra atTareekh al-Isldmi [For the Sake of Palestine: Attitudes throughout Islamic History]. 1st ed.u'sasat az-Zaytoonah, Dar al-Basheer, 1419 AH/1998 CE Jawdah, Dr.adiq Ahmad Dawood. Al-Maddris al- 'Asrooniyah fee Bilad ash-Shdm ['Asrooni Schools in Greater Syria].1st ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, Dar 'Ammar, 1406 AH/1986 CE Jawdah, Dr.adiq Ahmad. Mujdhid ad-Deen Qaymdz Nd }ib Irbid alMawsil. 1st ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah wa Dar 'Ammar, 1406 AH/1985 CE Jibran, Dr.u'man Mahmood & al-Imadi, Dr.uhammad Hasan. Dirdsdt fee Tareekh al-Ayyoobiyeen wal-Mamdleek [Studies in AyubidandMameluke History]. 1st ed.2000 CE al-Ju'aydi, Shalabi Ibraheem. Tab'at al-'Amah fee Misr fil-'Asr alAyyoobi [Egypt during the Ayubid Era].

Al-Hay'at al-Misriyah lil-Kitab, 2003 CE al-Jundi, Anwar. Al-Isldm wa Harakat at-Tareekh [Islam andHistory] al-Kaylani, Dr.ajid 'Arsan. Hdkadha Dhahara Jeel Salah ad-Deen [How the Generation of Salah ad-Deen Prevailed]. 3rd ed. AE: Dar al-Qalam, 1423 AH/2002 CE Khaleefah, Jamal Muhammad Salim. Mawqif Fuqahd' ash-Shdm wa Quddtiha min al-Ghazw as-Saleebi [Attitude of Syria's ScholarsandLeaders towards the Crusader Invasion].Al-Jamaheeriyah alLeebiyah, Jami'at al-Fatih, 2000 CE Khaleel, 'Imad ad-Deen.'Imad ad-Deen Zanki.

Damascus, Syria: Dar Ibn Katheer Khaleel, 'Imad ad-Deen. Al-imar at al-Artuqiyah fee Bilad ashSham wal-Jazeerah [The Artuqid Emirates in Syria andMesopotamia] Khaleel, 'Imad ad-Deen. Al-Muqdwamah al-Isldmiyah lil-Ghazw as-Saleebi [Islamic Resistance to the Crusades].1st ed.ar Ibn Katheer, 1426 AH/2005 CE Khaleel, 'Imad ad-Deen. Noor ad-Deen Mahmood: ar-Rajul watTajrubah. Dar al-Qalam, 1400 AH/1980 CE Khaleel, Dr.

Imad ad-Deen. Dirdsdt Tareekhiyah [Historical Studies] Khaleel, Dr. Imad ad-Deen. Hajamdt Mudddah fit-Tareekh alIsldmi [Attacks on Islamic History]. 1st ed.aktabat an-Noor, 1407 AH/1986 CE al-Khateeb, As'ad. Al-Butoolah wal-Fidd' (inda as-Soofiyah: Dirdsah Tareekhiyah [HeroismandSacrifice among the Sufis: a Historical Study]. 2nd ed.atba'at al-Sham Le Bon, Gustave.

Haddrat al-'Arab [La Civilisation des Arabes]. Translated by 'Adil Zu'aytar Lewis, Archibald.al-Quwwah al-Bahriyah wat-Tijdriyah filBahral-Mutawassit [PowerandTrade in the Mediterranean].Princeton: University Press, 1951 al-Ma'adeedi, Khashi', Muhammad, Sawadi 'Abd, & Noori, Durayd 'Abd al-Qadi. Tareekh al-Watan al-'Arabi wal-Ghazw asSaleebi [History of the Arab Landsand the Crusades]. 2n ed.986 CE Mahboobah, Dr. Abd al-Hadi Muhammad Rida. Nidhdm al-Mulk alHasan ibn Ali ibn Is-hdq at-Toosi [A Biography of Nidhdm al-Mulk].ad-Dar al-Misriyah al-Lubnaniyah Mahmood, Dr.hafeeq Jasir Ahmad.

Al-Quds tahta al-Hukm asSaleebi wa Dawr Salah ad-Deen fee Tahreerihd [Jerusalem under Crusader Ruleand Salah ad-Deen ys Role in its Liberation]. 1st ed.adinah: Maktabat alDar, 1409 AH/1989 CE Makhloof, Muhammad ibn Muhammad. Ashajarat an-Noor azZankiyahfee Tabaqat al-Mdlikiyah [Genealogy of the Zangid Dynasty].Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi al-Maliki, Abu Bakr 'Abdullah ibn Muhammad. Riydd an -Nufoos fee Tabaqat 'Ulama' al-Qayrawdn wa Ifreeqiyah [Scholars of North Africa]. Annotated by Basheer al-Bakkoosh.ar al-Gharb al-Islami, 1403 AH/1983 CE al-Manasrah, 'Abdullah 'Ali as-Salamah.al-Istikhbdrdt alAskariyah fil-Isldm [Military Intelligence in Islam]. 2nd ed. Heirut, Lebanon: Mu'sasat ar-Risalah, 1412 AH/1991 CE al-Maqdisi, Shihab ad-Deen Abu Shamah.

Kitab ar-Rawdatayn fee Akhbdr ad-Dawlatayn an-Nooriyah was-Salahiyah [History of the Two States of Noor ad-Deen and Salah ad-Deen]. 1st ed.u'sasat ar-Risalah, 1418 AH/1997 CE al-Maqdisi, Shihab ad-Deen Abu Shamah.'Uyoon ar-Rawdatayn fee Akhbdr ad-Dawlatayn. Annotated by Ahmad al-Baysoomi.amascus: Wizarat Ihya' at-Turath al-'Arabi, 1991 CE al-Maqdisi, Shihab ad-Deen Abu Shamah. Mukhtasar Kitab arRawdatayn fee Akhbdr ad-Dawlatayn an-Nooriyah wasSaldhiyah, 1st ed.bridgedand annotated by Dr.uhammad ibn Hasan ibn Moosa. Heddah: Dar al-and alus al-Khadra', 1418 AH/1997 CE al-Maqreezi, Taqi ad-Deen Ahmad ibn 'Ali. Itti'dz al-Hunafd' bi Akhbdr al-A 'immah al-Fdtimiyeen al-Khulafd' [History of the Fatimid ImamsandCaliphs].

Dar al-Fikr al-'Arabi, 1367 AH/ 1948 CE al-Maqreezi, Taqi ad-Deen Ahmad. Al-Mawd'idh wal Vtibar bi Dhikr al-Khutat wal Athdr Mara'i, Dr.arast. Jihad al-Ayyoobiyeen wal-Mamaleek didd asSaleebiyeen wal-Maghool [Jihad of the AyubidsandMamelukes against the CrusadersandMongols].San'a': al-Muntada al-Jami'i, 2003 CE al-Marakashi, Ibn 'Adhari. Al-Baydn al-Mugharrib fee Akhbdr aland alus wal-Maghrib [History of and alusiaandNorth Africa]. Edited by Evariste Levi-Provenfal Moosa, 'Izz ad-Deen 'Umar Ahmad.

Dirasdtfee Tareekh al-Maghrib al-lsldmi [Studies in the History of Islamic North Africa].1st ed.ar ashShurooq, 1403 AH/1983 CE Mu'ahadat as-Sulh was-Sildh bayna al-Muslimeen wal-Feeranj [Peace Treaties between the Muslims and the Franks] al-Mundhiri, Zaki ad-Deen. Mukhtasar sahih Muslim [Abridged sahih Muslim] Mu'nis, Husayn. Noor ad-Deen Mahmood.3rd ed.d-Dar asSa'oodiyah, 1408 AH/1987 CE Mu'nis, Muhammad Al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah: al- 'Aldqdt bayn ash-Sharq wal-Gharb [The Crusades: Relationship between EastandWest]. 1st ed.gypt: 'Ayn lil-Dirasat wal-Buhooth al-Insaniyah wal-Ijtima'iyah, 1999/2000 CE Muslim, Imam ibn al-Hajjaj al-Qushayri. Asaheeh Muslim. 1st ed. Innotated by Muhammad Fu'ad 'Abd al-Baqi.airo: Dar Ihya' al-Kutub al- 'Arabiyah, 1374 AH/1955 CE Mustafa, Shakir.

Salah ad-Deen: al-Fdris al-Mujdhid wal-Malik al-Muftara lalayhi [Salah ad-Deeny the Mujdhid Knightand the Maligned King]. 1st ed.amascus: Dar al-Qalam, 1419 AH/ 1998 CE al-Muzayni, Dr.alih Mustafa Miftah. Leebyd mundhu al-Fath al-'Arabi hatta Intiqal al-Khildfah al-Fdtimiyah ild Misr [Libya from the Arab Conquest to the Move of the Fatimid Caliphate to Egypt]. 3rd ed. Whenghazi: Manshoorat Jami'at Qaryoonus, 1994 CE an-Nadawi, Abu al-Hasan 'Ali al-Hasani. Salah ad-Deen alAyyoobi.3rd ed.amascus/Beirut: Dar al-Qalam, 1400 AH/1980 CE an-Nadawi, Abu al-Hasan. Muhddardt fil-Fikr wad-dawah [Lectures on ThoughtandDa'wah]. 1st ed.amascus: Dar Ibn Katheer, 2001 CE an-Nadawi, Abul-Hasan.

Rijdl al-Fikr wad-dawah [Men of IdeasandDa'wah]. Damascus, Syria: Dar Ibn Katheer an-Naqar, Dr.uhammad al-Hafidh. Tareekh Bayt al-Maqdis [A History of Jerusalem] Naqli, Dr. Asiya Sulayman. Dawr al-Fuqahdf wal-'Ulamd'fil-Jihdd didd as-Saleebiyeen khildl al-Harakah as-Saleebiyah [The Role of the JurisprudentsandScholars in the Jihad against the Crusaders during the Crusades].Maktabat al-'Ubaykan, 2002 CE an-Nasir, Muhammad Hamid.

Al-Jihad wat-Tajdeed.1st ed.iyadh: Maktabat al-Kawthar, 1419 AH/1998 CE Nawwar, Salah ad-Deen.al-'Udwdn as-Saleebi 'aid al-'Alam alIsldmi [Crusader Aggression against the Muslim World] an-Neesaboori, al-Hakim Abu 'Abdullah.al-Mustadrak 'aid asSaheehayn fil-hadith an-Ni'mah, Ibraheem.al-Wahdah al-Isldmiyah bayna al-Ams walYawm [Muslim Unity: between YesterdayandToday]. Matba'ah az-Zahra' alHadithah, 1425 AH/2004 CE Nuwayhid, Waleed. Salah ad-Deen wa Suqoot al-Quds wa Tahreeruhd, Qird'ah Mu'dsirah [Salh ad-Deen and the FallandLiberation of Jerusalem — a Contemporary Study]. 1st ed. Hebanon: Dar Ibn Hazm, 1417 AH/1997 CE Qal'aji, Qadri. Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi.3rd ed.

Heirut, Lebanon: Al-Matboo'at li't-Tawzee' wan-Nashr, 1997 al-Qalanisi, Abu Ya'la Hamzah. Dhayl Tareekh Dimashq [History of Damascus]. Beirut, 1908 CE al-Qaradawi, Dr. Noosuf. Al-Imam al-Ghazdli: bayna Mddiheehi wa Ndqideehi [Imam al-Ghazdli: between his SupportersandCritics]. 3rd ed.413 AH/1992 CE Qaytaz, Muhammad 'Adnan.

Usdmah ibn Munqidh wal-Jadeed min Athdrihi wa Ash'drihi [Usdmah ibn Munqidh: His AccountsandHis Poetry]. Wizarat al-Thaqafah fil-Jumhuriyah as-Sooriyah, 1998 CE al-Qifari, Nasir 'Abd-Allah ibn 'Ali. Usoolash-Shee'ah al-Imdmiyah [The Foundations of Imamate Shi'ism], 3rd ed.iza, Egypt: Dar ar-Rida li'nNashr wa't-Tawzee', 1418 AH/1998 CE Ramadan, 'Abd al-Ghani. Asharaf ad-Deen Mawdood Reston, James Jr. Muqdtiloona fee Sabeel-Illdh [Warriors of God: Richard the LionheartandSaladin in the Third Crusade].ranslated into Arabic by Radwan asSayyid.aktabat al-'Ubaykan, 2002 CE ar-Rikabi, Jawdat.

Al-Adab al-'Arabi min al-Inhiddr ild al-Izdihdr [Arabic Literature from Decline to Flowering].Beirut: Dar al-Fikr al-Mu'asir / 2nd ed.amascus: Dar al-Fikr, 2001 CE Rizq, Dr. Asim Muhammad. Khanqawdt as-Soofeeyah fee Misrfil- 'Asrayn al-Ayyoobi wal-Mamlooki [Sufi Khanqahs in Egypt during the AyubidandMameluke Eras]. 1st ed.airo: Maktabat Madbooli, 1417 AH/1997 CE ar-Rubay'i, Dr. Abdullah ibn 'Abdur-Rahman. Athar ash-Sharq alIsldmi fil-Fikr al-Urubbi khildl al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [Impact of the Islamic East on Thought during the Crusades].

Riyadh: 1415 AH Sa'dawi, Nazeer Hassan. At-Tareekh al-Harbi al-Misri fee (Ahd Salah ad-Deen [Egyptian Military History during the Reign of Salah adDeen].Maktabat an-Nahdah al-Misriyah, 1957 CE as-Sa'eed, 'Abdullah 'Abd ar-Razzaq Mas'ood.al-Mustashfaydt alIsldmiyah min al-Asr an-Nabawi ild al-'Asr al-'Uthmdni [Islamic Hospitals from the Time of the Prophet (SAW)until the Ottoman period]. 1st ed. Amman, Jordan: Dar al-Fiya', 1408 AH/1987 CE Sa'eed, 'Imran, Mahmood. Tareekh al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [History of the Crusades]. 3rd ed.ranslated by Dr. AsSayyid al-Baz al- 'Urayni.413 AH/1993 CE as-Safadi, Salah ad-Deen ibn Aybak.

Al-Wdfi bil-Wdfiydt. Edited by Helmut Reiter. Hermany: Franz Steiner Publishers, 1381 AH/ 1962 CE Salah ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi bayna al-'Abbasiyeen wal-Fatimiyeen was-Saleebiyeen [Salah ad-Deen al-Ayubi between the Abbasids, FatimidsandCrusaders]. In revised ed.ar al-Jadeed, 2000 CE Salah ad-Deen, Dr.ujahid Majd ad-Deen ibn. Ld Tareeq ghayra alJihad li Tahreer al-Masjid al-Aqsd wa Ihbdt al-Mu 'dmarah al-'Alamiyah 'aid al-Ummah al-Isldmiyah [There is No Way except Jihad to Liberate Jerusalem andDefeat the Global Conspiracy against the Muslim Nation]. 1st ed.414 AH/1994 CE Salih, Dr.asan 'Abd al-Hameed.

Al-HdfidhAbu at-Tahir as-Salafi [Biography of Abu at-Tahir as-Salafi].1st ed. Al-Maktab al-Islami, 1977 CE Salim, Dr. Abd al-'Azeez Salah ad-Deen. Al-Funoon al-Isldmiyah fil-'Asr al-Ayyoobi [Islamic Arts during the Ayubid Era].Markaz al-Kitab linNashr, 1420 AH/2000 CE Salim, Dr. AsSayyid 'Abdul-'Azeez & Salim, Dr.ahr 'Abdul- 'Azeez.

Dirdsdt fee Tareekh al-Ayyoobiyeen wal-Mamaleek [Studies in AyubidandMameluke History]. Alexandria: Mu'sasat Shabab al-Jami'ah, 1992 CE as-Sallabi, ' Ali Muhammad. Fiqh al-Nasr wat-Tamkeen [The Way to VictoryandPower]. 1st ed. Heirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah as-Sallabi, Ad-Dawlah al-Fdtimiyah al-'Ubaydiyah [The 'Ubaydi Fatimid State]. Mu'sasat Iqra' as-Sallabi, Dr.

Ali Muhammad.'Asr ad-Dawlah az-Zankiyah [The Zangid Era]. Cairo, Egypt: Mu'sasat Iqra' as-Sallabi, Dr. Ali Muhammad. Ad-Dawlah al-'Uthmaniyah: 'Awdmil an-Nuhood wa Asbdb as-Suqoot [The Ottoman State: Factors in Its RiseandCauses of Its Fall]. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Ma'rifah as-Sallabi, Dr.

Ali Muhammad. Asafahdt Mushriqah min atTareekh al-Isldmi [Brilliant Vignettes of Islamic History].1st ed.airo: Mu'sasat Iqra\ 1428 AH/2007 CE as-Sallabi, Dr. Ali. Tareekh Dawlatay al-Murdbiteen walMuwahhideen [History of the AlmoravidandAlmohad States]. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Ma'rifah as-Sallabi.

Dawlat as-Saldjiqah [The Seljuk State]. 1st ed.ar alMa'rifah, 1427 AH/2006 CE as-Sareesi, 'Umar. Nusoos min Adah lAsr al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [Literary Texts from the Era of the Crusades]. 1st ed. Heddah: Dar alManarah, 1405 AH/1985 CE as-Saroori, Dr.uhammad 'Abduh. Tareekh al-Yaman al-Isldmi [Islamic History of Yemen]. 2nd ed.an'a': Maktabat Khalid ibn al-Waleed, 2003 CE as-Sartawi, Mahmood Fayiz Ibraheem. Noor ad-Deen ZankifllAdab al-'Arabi fee 'Asr al-Huroob as-Saleebiyah [Noor ad-Deen Zangi in Arabic Literature at the Time of the Crusades].1st ed.mman: Dar al-Basheer, 1411 AH/1990 CESayyid, Dr.hmad Fu'ad.

Tareekh Misr al-Isldmiyah zamdn Saldteen Bani Ayyoob [History of Islamic Egypt at the time of the Ayubid Sultans]. Maktabat Madbooli, 2002 CE asSayyid, Dr.ahmood. Tareekh al-Qabd'il al-'Arabiyah fee 'Asr adDawlatayn al-Ayyoobiyah wal-Mamlookiyah [History of the Arab Tribes during the AyubidandMameluke Eras]. Mu'sasat Shabab al-Jami'ah, 1998 CE as-Suyooti, Jalal ad-Deen & al-Muhalli. Tafseer al-Jaldlayn [Qur'anic Exegesis].

Shahbah, Taqiy ad-Deen Ahmad ibn Qadi. Al-Kawakib ad-Durriyah feesSeerah an-Nooriyah [Biography of Noor ad-Deen].Annotated by Mahmood Zayid. Heirut ed.1971 CE ash-Shahrastani, Muhammad 'Abd al-Kareem. Al-Milal wan-Nihal [ReligionsandSects].Annotated by MuhammadSayyid Keelani, compiled by Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi in Egypt, 1387 AH/1967 CE Shakeel, Hadiyah Dajani. AAl-Qadi al-Fddil 'Abd ar-Raheem alBaysani lil-'Asqaldni.2nd ed.

Heirut: Mu'sasat ad-Dirasat al-Feelasteeniyah, 1999 CE Shalaby, Dr.hmad. At-Tareekh al-Isldmi wal-Haddrah al-Isldmiyah [Islamic HistoryandIslamic Civilisation] Shalaby, Mahmood. Haydt Salah ad-Deen [The Life of Salah adDeen].3rd ed. Heirut: Dar al-Jeel, 1409 AH/1989 CE ash-Shami, Dr.hmad. Asaleeh ad-Deen was-Saleebiyoon: Tareekh ad-Dawlah al-Ayyoobiyah [Salah ad-Deen and the Crusaders: History of the Ayubid State]. 1st ed.airo: Maktabat an-Nahdah al-'Arabiyah, 1991 CE ash-Shati', Sameer Faraj ibn.

Ad-Dawlah al-Ayyoobiyah [The Ayubid State]. 1st ed.airo: Markaz ar-Rayah lin-Nashr wal-I'lam, 2005 CE Shawat, al-Husayn ibn Muhammad. Madrasat al-hadith bilQayrawdn [The Hadith School in Qayrawan].1st ed.d-Dar al-'Alamiyah lilKitab al-Islami, 1411 AH ash-Shayyal, Dr.amal ad-Deen. A'ldm al-Iskand ariyah fil-'Asr alIsldmi [Prominent Figures of Alexandria during the Islamic Era]. Maktabat ath-Thaqafah ad-Deeniyah, 2001 CE ash-Shayyal, Jamal ad-Deen. A'ldm al-Iskand ariyah fil-'Asr alIsldmi [Prominent Figures of Alexandria during the Islamic Era].1st ed.aktabat ath-Thaqafah ad-Deeniyah, 1977 CE Shurrab, Muhammad Muhammad Hasan.

Bayt al-Maqdis walMasjid al-Aqsd: Dirdsah Tareekhiyah Muwath-thaqah [Jerusalem and alAqsa Mosque: A Socumented Historical Study]. 1st ed.amascus: Dar alQalam, 1415 AH/1994 CE Subh al-A'shd fee Sind'at al-Inshd\ Annotated by Muhammad Husayn Shams ad-Deen. Heirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Tlmiyah, 1989 CE Suwayd, Gen.r.aseen. Huroob al-Quds fit-Tareekh al-Isldmi wal- 'Arabi [Wars for Jerusalem in IslamicandArab History].Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Multaqa li't-Tiba'ah wan-Nashr, 1997 CE At-Td'ifah al-Mansoorah fee Bayt al-Maqdis wa Akndf Bayt alMaqdis [The Victorious Group in Jerusalem and its Environs]. 1st ed.425 AH/2004 CE [Author not listed in original Arabic bibliography — Translator] Taqqoosh, Muhammad Suhayl. Tareekh al-Ayyoobiyeen fee Misr waBilad ash-Shdm wal-Jazeerah [History of the Ayubids in Egypt, Syria andMesopotamia]. 1st ed. Hebanon: Dar an-Nafa'is, 1400 AH/1999 CE Taqqoosh, Muhammad Suhayl.

Tareekh al-Fdtimiyeen [History of the Fatimids].1st ed.ar an-Nafa'is Taqqoosh, Muhammad Suhayl. Tareekh Saldjiqah ar-Room fee Asyd as-Sughrd [History of the Seljuks of Rum in Asia Minor].1st ed.ar anNafa'is, 1423 AH/2002 CE Taqqoosh, Dr.uhammad Suhayl. Tareekh az-Zankiyeenfil-Mawsil waBilad ash-Shdm [History of the Zangids in MosulandGreater Syria]. 1st ed. Heirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Nafa'is, 1419 AH/1999 CE Taslahooq, Wadee'.Bayt al-Maqdis amdma Ahdath at-Tareekh [Jerusalem in History] Tawfeeq, 'Umar Kamal. Mamlakat Bayt al-Maqdis as-Saleebiyah [The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem] at-Tihami, Dr.braheem.

Juhood 'Ulama' al-Maghrib fid-Difa 'an 'Aqeedat Ahl as-Sunnah [Efforts of North African Scholars to defend the Beliefs of the Sunnis]. 1st ed. Hebanon/Syria: Mu'sasat ar-Risalah, 1426 AH/2005 CE Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad 'Eesa ibn surah. Asunan Al-Tirmidhi alJdmV. 1st ed. Innotated by Sheikh Ahmad Muhammad Shakir.atba'ah Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi, 1356 AH 'Ubayd, Dr.a'il 'Abd ar-Raheem. Al-Quds fil-'Ahdayn al-Fdtimi wal-Ayyoobi.1st ed.426 AH/2005 CE 'Ulwan, 'Abdullah.

Asaleeh ad-Deen. Egypt: Dar al-Salam 'Ulwan, 'Abdullah. Asaldh ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi Batal al-Isldm asSdlih [Saldh ad-Deen al-Ayubi: Righteous Hero of Islam], 1st ed.u'sasat alKutub ath-Thaqafiyah, 1408 AH/1988 CE al-'Umari, Dr. Abd al-'Azeez ibn Ibraheem. Al-Futooh al-Isldmiyah 'abr at-Tareekh [Islamic Conquests throughout History].1st ed.ar Ishbeeliya, 1418 AH/1997 CE al-'Urayni, asSayyid al-Baz.

Ash-Sharq al-Awsat wal-Huroob asSaleebiyah [The Middle Eastand the Crusades]. Cairo ed.1317 AH al-'Urayni, Dr. AsSayyid al-Baz. Ash-Sharq al-Adnd fil-Usoor alWustd al-Ayoobiyoon [The Near East in the Middle Ages: The Ayubids]. Dar an-Nahdah al-'Arabiyah al-Wakeel, Muhammad asSayyid.

Asbdb al-Daf fil-Ummah alIsldmiyah. 1st ed.ar al-Mujatama' as-Sa'oodiyah William of Tyre. Tareekh al-A 'mdl al-Munjazah [Gesta Orientalum] Yoosuf, Dr. Noseph Naseem. Al-'Arab war-Room al-Lateen filHuroob as-Saleebiyah al-Oold [The Arabsand the Latins during the First Crusade].3 rd ed. Heirut: Dar an-Nahdah al-'Arabiyah, 1981 CE Zakkar, Dr.uhayl.al-Mawsoo'ah ash-Shamilah fee Tareekh alHuroob as-Saleebiyah [Complete Encyclopaedia of the Crusades].1st ed.amascus, Syria: Dar al-Fikr az-Zarqa, Dr.assam.

Asaldh ad-Deen al-Ayyoobi Waraqat 'Ami li Qddat ad-dawah al-Isldmiyah [Saldh ad-Deen al-Ayubiy an Example for the Leaders of Islamic dawah].Dar al-Eeman az-Zawi, at-Tahir Ahmad. Tareekh al-Fath al- (Arabi fee Leebyd [History of the Arab Conquest of Libya]. 3rd ed.ar at-Turath al-'Arabi az-Zubdah, 'Aliyah al-Muhtadi. Asaleeh ad-Deen wa Tahreer alQuds [Saldh ad-Deen and the Liberation of Jerusalem]. 1st ed. Wizarat athThaqafah al-Urduniyah, 1414 AH/1994 CE