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...r when she was brought as a prisoner after the Battle of Hunayn and whom he honored with his cloak and interceded for her e...
...asim and Abdullah (both died in infancy) and the daughters Zaynab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah al-Zahra, through who...
...hildren of the Ansar sang as he entered: 'Tala'a al-badru alayna' — 'The full moon has risen over us, from the valley of Wi...
...he women and children of the Ansar sang: 'Tala'a al-badru alayna min thaniyyat al-wada' — The full moon has risen over us f...
...ncluding the Muhajirin, Ansar, and the Jewish tribes (Banu Qaynuqa, Banu Nadir, Banu Qurayza, and others). This document — ...
...of the Prophet ﷺ, earning him the permanent title Dhu al-Nurayn: the Possessor of Two Lights. Ruqayyah's life — two migrati...
Banu Qaynuqa was one of three Jewish tribes resident in Medina before...
...ration since. Fatimah and Ali had five children: Hasan, Husayn, Zaynab, Umm Kulthum, and Muhsin (who died in infancy by so...
...openly and consistently. He called Hasan and his brother Husayn 'the masters of the youth of Paradise' (Sayyida Shabab Ahl ...
Al-Husayn ibn Ali was born in Sha'ban 4 AH in Medina — the second son...
...nt breakdowns with Medina's Jewish tribes — following Banu Qaynuqa's expulsion in 2 AH and preceding the far more severe co...
...led in 5 AH at the occasion of the Prophet's ﷺ marriage to Zaynab bint Jahsh, established that those who wished to address ...
The Prophet's ﷺ marriage to Zaynab bint Jahsh — his paternal aunt's daughter — in Dhul-Qa'da...
... enemy community into related people. A Jewish woman named Zaynab bint al-Harith also served the Prophet ﷺ a poisoned roast...
The Battle of Hunayn in Shawwal 8 AH — just weeks after the Conquest of Mecca — ...
After the Battle of Hunayn routed the Hawazin-Thaqif confederacy, the Thaqif retreated...
The Battle of Hunayn yielded an enormous haul: approximately 24,000 camels, 40,0...
...ept Islam. After the Conquest of Mecca and the Battle of Hunayn had removed the last major military obstacles to Muslim pol...
...r holdouts after the Conquest of Mecca and the Battle of Hunayn. They had withstood the Muslim siege of Taif in Shawwal 8 A...
...rs to marry the same man, giving Uthman the title Dhu al-Nurayn (Possessor of Two Lights) that he carries in Islamic tradit...
The Battle of Ajnadayn was one of the first major Muslim victories in Syria-Palest...
...Islamic history. This decision was deeply controversial. Husayn ibn Ali, grandson of the Prophet and son of Ali ibn Abi Tal...
...most consequential and tragic events in Islamic history. Husayn ibn Ali, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad and son of Ali ib...
The Battle of Hunayn took place shortly after the Conquest of Mecca when the Haw...
...ala is one of the most tragic events in Islamic history. Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Prophet ﷺ and son of Ali ibn A...
...ue Cross, which the crusaders had brought as a holy relic. Raynald of Châtillon, who had repeatedly violated truces includi...
The Battle of Ajnadayn was the first major Muslim engagement against a large Byzan...
...the Muslim conquest of Syria. Following the victory at Ajnadayn, Muslim forces moved northward. Damascus was besieged from ...
... the early Syria campaign. After the Muslim victory at Ajnadayn, the remaining Byzantine forces regrouped at Marj al-Saffar...
Husayn ibn Ali, grandson of the Prophet ﷺ, was killed at Karbala b...
Imam al-Haramayn Abu al-Ma'ali al-Juwayni, the leading Ash'ari theologian an...
...sir, fiqh, Arabic language, and history. His Tafsir al-Jalalayn (co-authored with al-Mahalli), al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran, a...
Wife of the Prophet whose marriage to him was commanded by Allah in the Quran.
...o helped the Prophet during the Hijrah, called Dhat an-Nitaqayn (She of the Two Girdles).
...ed by the Prophet 'the leader of the youth of Paradise.' Husayn was martyred at the Battle of Karbala, an event of profound...
A leading muhaddith and scholar of Mecca, teacher of ash-Shafii and many hadith masters.
...inventor of Arabic prosody (ilm al-arud). Compiled Kitab al-Ayn, the first comprehensive Arabic dictionary, and laid the fo...
Known as Imam al-Haramayn for his years teaching in Mecca and Medina. A leading Ash'a...
A leading hadith scholar who authored al-Mughni an Haml al-Asfar, tracing the hadith sources cited in al-Ghazali's Ihya Ulum ad-Din. His Alfiyyah is a foundatio
Author of Umdat al-Qari, a major Hanafi commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari.
Shafii scholar who began Tafsir al-Jalalayn, later completed by his student as-Suyuti.
...ic history with over 500 works, co-author of Tafsir al-Jalalayn.
...olar of Damascus, teacher of an-Nawawi, author of 'ar-Rawdatayn' on the Crusades era.
Mufti of the Shafi'i school in Mecca and historian, author of works on Prophetic biography and the history of Mecca.
Grandson of the Prophet ﷺ and son of Ali and Fatimah, martyred at Karbala in 61 AH.
A wife of the Prophet ﷺ who died only eight months after their marriage, renowned for her extraordinary charity to the poor.
The righteous king who journeyed to the east and west of the earth and built the iron barrier against Ya'juj and Ma'juj — as narrated in Surah al-Kahf.
...tructive peoples sealed behind the iron barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn who will be released near the Day of Judgment as a major si...
Eldest daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadijah. Married Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi before Islam; he later embraced Islam and they were reunited in Madinah. Died 8
...e married Uthman ibn Affan, earning him the epithet Dhul-Nurayn (Possessor of Two Lights) for marrying two daughters of the...
...me a gallant warrior. He was martyred at the Battle of Ajnadayn in 13 AH during the conquest of Syria.
...time to consider and loaned him armour for the Battle of Hunayn.
An Ansari companion known as Dhu al-Shahadatayn ('the one with two testimonies') because the Prophet ﷺ decl...
A senior companion who served as governor and military commander. Umar ibn al-Khattab appointed him to lead the decisive Battle of Nihawand (21 AH), the final m
The son of Husayn ibn Ali and grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib. He survived the ...
Son of Ali ibn al-Husayn (Zayn al-Abidin) and grandson of Husayn ibn Ali. Known as '...
Son of Zayn al-Abidin and brother of Muhammad al-Baqir. A major scholar...
A companion known for his extensive knowledge of Quran and hadith, and an accomplished horseman. He served as governor of Egypt under Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan. H
A companion of the Prophet ﷺ and a major hadith narrator, known for his piety and asceticism. He settled in Basra, where he became a leading authority. He was r
...emigrated to Madinah and was martyred at the Battle of Ajnadayn in Syria in 13 AH.
...became devoted and is noted for weeping during battle at Hunayn from his fervor.
Daughter of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatimah al-Zahra, and granddaughter of the Prophet ﷺ. She survived the Battle of Karbala (61 AH) and delivered a historic spee
...avy responsibility in Islamic history for the killing of Husayn ibn Ali and his companions at Karbala in 61 AH, refusing to...
...by profound crises: the Battle of Karbala in 61 AH where Husayn ibn Ali and his companions were killed, the Battle of al-Ha...
...led the uprising of the 'Penitents' (Tawwabun) to avenge Husayn ibn Ali's death, seizing control of Kufa in 66 AH. He claim...
...ross virtually every Islamic discipline. His tafsir al-Jalalayn (co-authored with al-Mahalli), al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran, a...
South Indian Shafi'i scholar, author of Fath al-Mu'in, the foundational Shafi'i fiqh text in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
Maliki scholar of the 10th century AH, author of Mawahib al-Jalil, the most comprehensive commentary on Mukhtasar Khalil.
...'The Master of Hadith'; author of al-Mustadrak 'ala al-Sahihayn.
Founder of Arabic prosody and compiler of al-'Ayn, the first Arabic dictionary; also credited with developing...
...ife. A transmitter of hadith from her father and Imam al-Husayn.
The most distinguished student of Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah in Mecca and one of the earliest teachers of Imam al-Bukh...
Author of al-Mustadrak 'ala al-Sahihayn, a collection of hadiths he claimed met the criteria of al-...
The son of Husayn ibn Ali and grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Survived Karbala...
Imam al-Haramayn, teacher of al-Ghazali and one of the greatest Ash'ari theo...
...son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and survivor of Karbala. Known as Zayn al-Abidin (Ornament of the Worshippers) for his piety.
Companion who narrated the famous hadith on the Thaqalayn (Two Weighty Things: Quran and Ahl al-Bayt).
Medieval female hadith scholar with high chains, praised by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani.
... best known for his encyclopedic hashiyah on Tafsir al-Jalalayn titled al-Futuhat al-Ilahiyyah.
Makkan hadith Imam who became the supreme hadith authority in Mecca, teacher of al-Shafi'i and many other great scholars.
...h narrator who transmitted from Abu Hurairah and Ali ibn Husayn, known for his chain of transmission in the hadith about fr...
Medinan female scholar and hadith narrator, step-daughter of the Prophet Muhammad through her mother Umm Salama.
...granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammad and daughter of al-Husayn ibn Ali, known for her intelligence, piety, and cultural si...
Daughter of al-Husayn ibn Ali and great-granddaughter of the Prophet, a respected...
Kufan hadith narrator of the late Tabi'un generation, known for his long career of transmission and inclusion in all six canonical collections.
By Jalal ad-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti. A concise and widely studied tafsir written by two scholars both named Jalal ad-Din.
By Al-Hakim an-Naysaburi. A collection of hadith that al-Hakim argued meet the criteria of al-Bukhari and Muslim but were not included in their Sahih collection
By Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. A concise primer on the principles of Islamic j...
By Imam al-Juwayni. An advanced work on Ash'ari theology by al-Ghazali's teac...
By Imam al-Juwayni. A masterwork of Shafi'i legal theory by al-Ghazali's teac...
By Badr ad-Din al-Ayni. A comprehensive commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari written fr...
By Sulayman al-Jamal. A gloss (hashiyah) on Tafsir al-Jalalayn, providing additional commentary and clarification on the c...
By Badr al-Din al-Ayni. One of the three greatest commentaries on Sahih al-Bukhar...
...astallani synthesizes the insights of both Ibn Hajar and al-Ayni, creating an accessible and comprehensive explanation of t...
By Al-Hakim an-Naysaburi. A major hadith collection containing narrations that meet the criteria of Bukhari and Muslim but were not included in their Sahih coll
By Zayn ad-Din ibn Nujaym. An important Hanafi fiqh commentary on K...
By Zayn ad-Din al-Iraqi. A comprehensive hadith verification (takhr...
By Zayn ad-Din ibn Nujaym. The Hanafi counterpart to as-Suyuti's wo...
By Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. A mature Ash'ari theological treatise that repr...
By Zayn ad-Din al-Malibari. An important Shafi'i fiqh text widely s...
The rulings on wiping over leather socks (khuffayn) and regular socks during ablution, including conditions, d...
The ambush at Hunayn valley, the initial retreat of Muslim forces, the Prophet's...
The Prophet's campaign against Taif after Hunayn, the use of siege warfare in early Islam, and the Prophet's...
..., the two men with gardens, Musa and al-Khidr, and Dhul-Qarnayn, and the trials each addresses.
The Quranic command to show excellence toward parents, placed immediately after the command to worship Allah alone, and its practical applications.