Chapter 24 of 982 min read

IV. Ali’s Rule (656H – 661H)

رابعًا: عهد عليِّ بن أبي طالب (656م – 661م)

• Ali was appointed by the people of Madinah, and his leadership was not by ijmaa’ of the sahabah. Others in ash-Sham wanted to seek revenge for the murder of Uthman first. Uthman's murder and the events surrounding it were a symptom and also became a cause of civil strife on a large scale. Ali vs. ‘Aisha, Talha, and Zubayr - Aisha thought first the assassins of Uthman should be brought to justice and then governors dismissed and new ones installed. - Ali wanted to look after the state first Ali vs. Mu’awiyyah and Amr ibn Al ‘As - Mu’awiyyah (gov of Syria) refused saying first bring Uthman’s murderers to justice. - Ali moved the capital to Iraq. Mu’awiyah openly rebelled. Battle inconclusive. Ali accepts de facto rule of Muawiyyah over Syria. • This gave rise to the Khawaarij (they didn’t like Ali’s acceptance of Mu’awiyyah) Said none are legitimate rulers. Set out to kill Ali, Muawiyyah and Amr ibn al ‘As. Amr ibn al-As was sick so he didn't make it to fajr; Mu’awiyya fought off his attacker, but Ali was killed while performing Fajr salah. • Incident of Arbitration lead to the rise of the first two sects in Islam, the Khawaarij and then the Shi’a. Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 35

Definition of Sahabah: any man or woman who lived during the time of the Prophet (sws) and embraced Islam and saw and recognized the Prophet (sws) at least once in his lifetime, and then died on Islam. That is, there was no apostasy in the middle. Mukhaddaram are those who lived during time of Prophet but did not see/meet him. Interestingly, 100,000 people were present at Arafah and witnessed Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) last sermon, so they would have been sahabah; however, many of them apostatedized after Rasool (s) died, and so the Sahabah went down to a few thousand. Hayat-us-Sahabah – has only a few thousand sahabah. Faqeeh Says… The Sahabah fall into different categories in respect to different aspects of classifications like their knowledge, closeness to the Prophet (saw), memorization of the Qur’an, age etc. – just to name a few. However, according to the Madhab of Ahl as-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah they are all reliable and trustworthy. Ranks of the Sahabah The Sahabah are not all of one level.

Chapter 24 of 982 min read

IV. Ali’s Rule (656H – 661H)

رابعًا: عهد عليِّ بن أبي طالب (656م – 661م)

• Ali was appointed by the people of Madinah, and his leadership was not by ijmaa’ of the sahabah. Others in ash-Sham wanted to seek revenge for the murder of Uthman first. Uthman's murder and the events surrounding it were a symptom and also became a cause of civil strife on a large scale. Ali vs. ‘Aisha, Talha, and Zubayr - Aisha thought first the assassins of Uthman should be brought to justice and then governors dismissed and new ones installed. - Ali wanted to look after the state first Ali vs. Mu’awiyyah and Amr ibn Al ‘As - Mu’awiyyah (gov of Syria) refused saying first bring Uthman’s murderers to justice. - Ali moved the capital to Iraq. Mu’awiyah openly rebelled. Battle inconclusive. Ali accepts de facto rule of Muawiyyah over Syria. • This gave rise to the Khawaarij (they didn’t like Ali’s acceptance of Mu’awiyyah) Said none are legitimate rulers. Set out to kill Ali, Muawiyyah and Amr ibn al ‘As. Amr ibn al-As was sick so he didn't make it to fajr; Mu’awiyya fought off his attacker, but Ali was killed while performing Fajr salah. • Incident of Arbitration lead to the rise of the first two sects in Islam, the Khawaarij and then the Shi’a. Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 35

Definition of Sahabah: any man or woman who lived during the time of the Prophet (sws) and embraced Islam and saw and recognized the Prophet (sws) at least once in his lifetime, and then died on Islam. That is, there was no apostasy in the middle. Mukhaddaram are those who lived during time of Prophet but did not see/meet him. Interestingly, 100,000 people were present at Arafah and witnessed Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) last sermon, so they would have been sahabah; however, many of them apostatedized after Rasool (s) died, and so the Sahabah went down to a few thousand. Hayat-us-Sahabah – has only a few thousand sahabah. Faqeeh Says… The Sahabah fall into different categories in respect to different aspects of classifications like their knowledge, closeness to the Prophet (saw), memorization of the Qur’an, age etc. – just to name a few. However, according to the Madhab of Ahl as-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah they are all reliable and trustworthy. Ranks of the Sahabah The Sahabah are not all of one level.