Chapter 67 of 984 min read

2. Qiyas

٢. القياس في المذهب الحنبلي

He denied qiyas. What is the position of the Hanbali Madhab amongst the four madhaahib? Was Imam Ahmed a Faqeeh? There was a debate about this, whether he should be considered a faqeeh or muhadith. He, himself, never claimed to be a Faqeeh. He scolded his students for writing down his rulings. He would only let them write down his Hadith. In the fiqh of Imam Ahmed, in one mas’ala he would have three or four riwayaat. That’s a bit confusing but Imam Ahmed would answer differently based on circumstances. Some of the fuqaha were muhaditheen, however, it is disputable whether he was a Faqeeh or a Muhaddith. We consider him as a Muhaddith. Was Imam Ahmed the Faqeeh of Ahl alHadith? He is absolutely a faqeeh of Ahlul Hadith. We still have ulama who don’t follow one school of thought. For example, Shaykh Albaani is considered Muhaddith of his time. He wasn’t a faqeeh, but he was a faqeeh of Ahlul Hadith. Major References for the Hanbali Madhab First: The statements of Imam Ahmad 1) Masa’il al-Imam Ahmad (his son ‘Abdullah): This is the most popular book. Second: The Final Authentic Compilations 1) Al-Mughnee Sharh Mukhatasar al-Khiraqi ibn Qudamah: This is the most popular book of fiqh in all schools of thoughts. It’s one of the great collections of opinions. 2) Al-Insaf al-Mirdawi: Exclusively for madhab of Imam Ahmad. Prominent Fuqaaha of the Hanbali Madhab 1) Salih ibn Imam Ahmad [266 H/879 CE] 2) ‘Abdullah ibn Imam Ahmad [290 H/903 CE] Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 80

3) ‘Umar ibn al-Husayn al-Khiraqi [334 H/947 CE]: author of the matan that ibn Qudamah wrote to choose to expand. Faqeeh Says… Have you ever thought of the reason why there a small number of followers of the Hanbali Madhab in comparison to other Madhahib? Spread of the Hanbali Madhab It spread mainly in the Arabian Peninsula, AshSham, Palestine (on the northerm region of West Bank, Syria (Duma, near Damashq). There is a region in Afghanistan where they are Hanbali by origin. Why didn’t it spread out like the other Madhaahib? One of the reasons for the loss of territory and support of the Hanbali was because of the actual culture of the hanbalis, for their strict method or practice and for their strict nature in adhering to the Sunnah. That turned off many people. Al-Dhahabi mentioned that the hanbali made fitnah in Baghdad by amr bil ma’roof which enraged the khilafa of the Abbasids and they were expelled from Baghdad. Even now in Arab culture, if someone is strict, people say "don’t be a hanbali". Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 81

And a Fifth Madhab… THE DHAHIRI MADHAB Imam Dawood ibn Ali (200H-270H/815CE-883CE) One of the official madhabs tolerated to be an authority on Islamic law. Dhahiri Madhab was confined to understanding the text literally without indulging in any rationalizing. They can be literalist in their approach, but some of their opinions can be taken. See the matn, Al Muhallah which is also known as Al Mujallah. The most famous of this madhab’s scholar is Imam Ibn Hazm. Example of some of the extreme literalism that some of the scholars had in this madhab: Abu Huraira reported: the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: "None amongst you should urinate in standing water, and then wash in it" (Muslim). Dhahiris say if one urinates in a cup and then pours it in water, it is a different action, so this is ok to make wudu. Al-Aswad narrated, I asked ‘Aisha "How is the night prayer of the Prophet (Peace be upon him)?" She replied, "He used to sleep early at night and get up in its last part to pray, and then return to his bed. When the Muadh-dhin pronounced the Adhaan, he would get up. If he was in need of a bath, he would take it; otherwise he would perform ablution and then go out (for the prayer)." (alBukhari). Dhahiris say this is a part of Fajr that must be done. In the Dhahiri madhab, praying in Jama’ah is fard. If one does not do so, then his salah is invalid. The Biography of the Imam He was born in Baghdad and studied with many scholars including AshShafi’ee. He was from Ahlul Hadith known for quest of hadith. When he started to shift from fiqh, he established his madhab. The way he started deducing fiqh rulings, established this madhab. He was the founder of this madhab but did not influence it as much as one of his followers, Ibn Hazm, did. He had some supporters in Baghdad who started fading but some traces of the madhab reached to the west including Al Andulus. Principles of the Dhahiri Madhab

Chapter 67 of 984 min read

2. Qiyas

٢. القياس في المذهب الحنبلي

He denied qiyas. What is the position of the Hanbali Madhab amongst the four madhaahib? Was Imam Ahmed a Faqeeh? There was a debate about this, whether he should be considered a faqeeh or muhadith. He, himself, never claimed to be a Faqeeh. He scolded his students for writing down his rulings. He would only let them write down his Hadith. In the fiqh of Imam Ahmed, in one mas’ala he would have three or four riwayaat. That’s a bit confusing but Imam Ahmed would answer differently based on circumstances. Some of the fuqaha were muhaditheen, however, it is disputable whether he was a Faqeeh or a Muhaddith. We consider him as a Muhaddith. Was Imam Ahmed the Faqeeh of Ahl alHadith? He is absolutely a faqeeh of Ahlul Hadith. We still have ulama who don’t follow one school of thought. For example, Shaykh Albaani is considered Muhaddith of his time. He wasn’t a faqeeh, but he was a faqeeh of Ahlul Hadith. Major References for the Hanbali Madhab First: The statements of Imam Ahmad 1) Masa’il al-Imam Ahmad (his son ‘Abdullah): This is the most popular book. Second: The Final Authentic Compilations 1) Al-Mughnee Sharh Mukhatasar al-Khiraqi ibn Qudamah: This is the most popular book of fiqh in all schools of thoughts. It’s one of the great collections of opinions. 2) Al-Insaf al-Mirdawi: Exclusively for madhab of Imam Ahmad. Prominent Fuqaaha of the Hanbali Madhab 1) Salih ibn Imam Ahmad [266 H/879 CE] 2) ‘Abdullah ibn Imam Ahmad [290 H/903 CE] Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 80

3) ‘Umar ibn al-Husayn al-Khiraqi [334 H/947 CE]: author of the matan that ibn Qudamah wrote to choose to expand. Faqeeh Says… Have you ever thought of the reason why there a small number of followers of the Hanbali Madhab in comparison to other Madhahib? Spread of the Hanbali Madhab It spread mainly in the Arabian Peninsula, AshSham, Palestine (on the northerm region of West Bank, Syria (Duma, near Damashq). There is a region in Afghanistan where they are Hanbali by origin. Why didn’t it spread out like the other Madhaahib? One of the reasons for the loss of territory and support of the Hanbali was because of the actual culture of the hanbalis, for their strict method or practice and for their strict nature in adhering to the Sunnah. That turned off many people. Al-Dhahabi mentioned that the hanbali made fitnah in Baghdad by amr bil ma’roof which enraged the khilafa of the Abbasids and they were expelled from Baghdad. Even now in Arab culture, if someone is strict, people say "don’t be a hanbali". Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 81

And a Fifth Madhab… THE DHAHIRI MADHAB Imam Dawood ibn Ali (200H-270H/815CE-883CE) One of the official madhabs tolerated to be an authority on Islamic law. Dhahiri Madhab was confined to understanding the text literally without indulging in any rationalizing. They can be literalist in their approach, but some of their opinions can be taken. See the matn, Al Muhallah which is also known as Al Mujallah. The most famous of this madhab’s scholar is Imam Ibn Hazm. Example of some of the extreme literalism that some of the scholars had in this madhab: Abu Huraira reported: the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: "None amongst you should urinate in standing water, and then wash in it" (Muslim). Dhahiris say if one urinates in a cup and then pours it in water, it is a different action, so this is ok to make wudu. Al-Aswad narrated, I asked ‘Aisha "How is the night prayer of the Prophet (Peace be upon him)?" She replied, "He used to sleep early at night and get up in its last part to pray, and then return to his bed. When the Muadh-dhin pronounced the Adhaan, he would get up. If he was in need of a bath, he would take it; otherwise he would perform ablution and then go out (for the prayer)." (alBukhari). Dhahiris say this is a part of Fajr that must be done. In the Dhahiri madhab, praying in Jama’ah is fard. If one does not do so, then his salah is invalid. The Biography of the Imam He was born in Baghdad and studied with many scholars including AshShafi’ee. He was from Ahlul Hadith known for quest of hadith. When he started to shift from fiqh, he established his madhab. The way he started deducing fiqh rulings, established this madhab. He was the founder of this madhab but did not influence it as much as one of his followers, Ibn Hazm, did. He had some supporters in Baghdad who started fading but some traces of the madhab reached to the west including Al Andulus. Principles of the Dhahiri Madhab