Chapter 23 of 982 min read

II. Umar’s Rule (634H – 644H)

ثانيًا: عهد عمر بن الخطَّاب (634م – 644م)

• Major expansions; Egypt, Iraq, Palestine and Iran brought under Muslim rule. • Umar centralized the government to handle such rapid expansion • “If a mule tripped in Iraq, I am scared Allah will ask me why I didn’t fix the road.” • Umar’s constant communication with places like ash-Shaam and Iraq gave rise to the unprecedented one-day mail system (horse express). Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 34

• Muslims managed to defeat the Persian Empire in a battle that lasted 3 continuous days and nights. • When the Muslims entered Persian new questions came into Fiqh because of the new people, traditions, and customs; many unprecedented questions had to be dealt with. • The same thing happened in ash-Sham • Most leadership positions remained in the hands of the major sahaabah Salman al Farsi: Ameer of Persia Amr ibn Aas: Egypt Muawiyyah ibn Abu Sufyan: Ash-Shaam • 'Umar was assassinated by a Persian (Abu Lu’lu’ Al-Majusi) who was brought to Medinah, and was a slave of ibn Umar. Abu Lu’lu’ held a grudge against Umar because of the conquest. He stayed in Medinah sharpening his knife for a month, and bathed it with poison, waiting for an opportunity to kill Umar. Umar was stabbed between 6-13 times as he led the Fajr salah. As Abu Lu’lu’ was leaving, he kept stabbing people, who also died. A cloth was thrown over him, and then he stabbed himself when he was surrounded, and he realized he couldn’t escape. • Umar stayed alive for 3 days, and selected 6 people -all guaranteed Jannah by Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) - to choose a leader from amongst themselves. The council of six consisted of: Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Talha ibn Ubayd Allah, Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf, and Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas, with Abdullah ibn Umar to oversee them. Uthman is eventually picked as Khalifah, with the support of each of the others.

Chapter 23 of 982 min read

II. Umar’s Rule (634H – 644H)

ثانيًا: عهد عمر بن الخطَّاب (634م – 644م)

• Major expansions; Egypt, Iraq, Palestine and Iran brought under Muslim rule. • Umar centralized the government to handle such rapid expansion • “If a mule tripped in Iraq, I am scared Allah will ask me why I didn’t fix the road.” • Umar’s constant communication with places like ash-Shaam and Iraq gave rise to the unprecedented one-day mail system (horse express). Qabeelat Tayybah TCE Notes Revolution 34

• Muslims managed to defeat the Persian Empire in a battle that lasted 3 continuous days and nights. • When the Muslims entered Persian new questions came into Fiqh because of the new people, traditions, and customs; many unprecedented questions had to be dealt with. • The same thing happened in ash-Sham • Most leadership positions remained in the hands of the major sahaabah Salman al Farsi: Ameer of Persia Amr ibn Aas: Egypt Muawiyyah ibn Abu Sufyan: Ash-Shaam • 'Umar was assassinated by a Persian (Abu Lu’lu’ Al-Majusi) who was brought to Medinah, and was a slave of ibn Umar. Abu Lu’lu’ held a grudge against Umar because of the conquest. He stayed in Medinah sharpening his knife for a month, and bathed it with poison, waiting for an opportunity to kill Umar. Umar was stabbed between 6-13 times as he led the Fajr salah. As Abu Lu’lu’ was leaving, he kept stabbing people, who also died. A cloth was thrown over him, and then he stabbed himself when he was surrounded, and he realized he couldn’t escape. • Umar stayed alive for 3 days, and selected 6 people -all guaranteed Jannah by Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) - to choose a leader from amongst themselves. The council of six consisted of: Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Talha ibn Ubayd Allah, Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf, and Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas, with Abdullah ibn Umar to oversee them. Uthman is eventually picked as Khalifah, with the support of each of the others.