Introduction (cont.)

323 SELECTED VOCABULARY ••.••••••••••••...•...•••••••.........•••.••..........•••••.•.......•.•••.••..•......••••••••.•• 324 A MISTAKE IN THE TEXT OF THE 40 HAD/TH •.......••••..........••••••.........•..••••........•.•.....•.•.•..... 325 TAKHREEJ .••••••••••••••.••••.••••••••••••...•..•.•••.••...•......•••.•.•......•....•...........•...•................•...•.• 326 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ...................................•.•.......•..•.•.........•........•.•... 327 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN MASOOD ........•.•.........................•...•...........•.••..... 327 THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM) AND HE IS THE TRUTHFUL, THE BELIEVED, NARRATED TO US: .•••.••.••••.••••.••••••.••••••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••.••......•••••.•.........•••.••.•.........•••...... 328 "SURELY, EACH OF YOU IS BROUGHT TOGETHER IN HIS MOTHER'S ABDOMEN FOR FORTY DAYS. IT IS THEN THEREIN A CLINGING OBJECT DURING THIS PERIOD. THEREAFTER IT IS THEREIN A LUMP LOOKING LIKE IT HAS BEEN CHEWED DURING THIS PERIOD." ...•........•.•..........•................•................•... 329 "I SWEAR BY ALLAH, OTHER THAN WHOM THERE IS NO Goo, CERTAINLY, ONE OF YOU WILL DEFINITELY PERFORM THE DEEDS OF THE PEOPLE OF PARADISE UNTIL THERE IS NOT BETWEEN HIM AND PARADISE EXCEPT AN ARM'S LENGTH AND THEN WHAT HAS BEEN RECORDED WILL OVERTAKE HIM AND HE SHALL PERFORM THE DEEDS OF THE PEOPLE OF HELL AND ENTER IT ... " ••.•••••••.......•• 349 RELATED FIQH ISSUES .•.••••••....•.••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••.•.••••••••••.••.•.•••••••••.•......•••••.•.. 354 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH .............•...............................•............••.•••.......•• 358 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ..........................•................................•.•............•.•.•............. 360 HADITH #5: "WHOEVER INTRODUCES ... " ................................................................ 363 SELECTED VOCABULARY ...............................•....•.....•........•.•............••.......•.•.•.•.•..•......... 363 TAKHREEJ •...••.•••••••.•.........................•....•.•......................•...•...•..........•.•.............•...••.•. 363 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ...•........•...•.........•.••.••.•....•.•..•.•••.......•.•.••...•......... 364 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: AISHA BINT ABU BAKR AL-SIDDEEQ ............•.................................•. 364 "THE MOTHER OF THE FAITHFUL" ..............•......••.•...•......••••••••..•..••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 365 "WHOEVER INTRODUCES ANYTHING INTO THIS MATTER OF OURS THAT IS NOT FROM IT SHALL HAVE IT REJECTED." ................................•••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•.•.•••••••••••••••••••.•••.•••••••••••....•••••••••••• 366 iii Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi "WHOEVER DOES AN ACT THAT IS NOT IN ACCORD WITH OUR MATTER Will HAVE IT REJECTED." • 367 )SLAM IS FOLLOWING AND NOT INNOVATING .................................................................... 368 Two TYPES OF ACTIONS: RITES OF WORSHIP AND WORLDL y TRANSACTIONS AND DEALINGS ..... 368 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 373 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ....................... ..................................................................... 374 HADITH #6: ''THAT WHICH IS LAWFUL IS CLEAR" .................................................... 375 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 376 TAKHREEJ ........... ......................................................................... ..... ........ ......... ......... 376 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ........... ................................................................ 377 THE NARRATOR: AL-NU'MAAN IBN BASHEER .................................................................... 377 ''THAT WHICH IS LAWFUL IS PLAIN AND THAT WHICH IS UNLAWFUL IS PLAIN AND BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM ARE DOUBTFUL MATTERS." ...................... . ..................................................... ... 377 "ABOUT WHICH NOT MANY PEOPLE ARE KNOWLEDGEABLE." ................................................ 385 ''THUS, HE WHO AVOIDS DOUBTFUL MATTERS CLEARS HIMSELF IN REGARD TO HIS RELIGION AND HIS HONOR." .................................................................................................................... 387 "BUT HE WHO FALLS INTO THE DOUBTFUL MATTERS FALLS INTO THAT WHICH IS UNLAWFUL." ..... 387 "LIKE THE SHEPHERD WHO PASTURES AROUND A SANCTUARY, All BUT GRAZING THEREIN. VERILY EVERY KING HAS A SANCTUARY AND ALLAH'S SANCTUARY IS HIS PROHIBITIONS." ...................... 388 "IN THE BODY THERE IS A MORSEL OF FLESH WHICH, IF IT BE SOUND, All THE BODY IS SOUND AND WHICH, IF IT BE DISEASED, All OF IT IS DISEASED. THIS PART OF THE BODY IS THE HEART." .......... 390 SIGNS OF THE HEART .......................................... . . ...................... . ..................... ............ 391 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ........................................... .............................. 393 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 395 HADITH #7: ''THE RELIGION IS NASEEHAH" ....•••••••..•••••••••....•••••••••••••.....••••••••...•...•. 397 SELECTED VOCABULARY ..................... ........................................................................... 397 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 397 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH .................................................................. .... 398 THE NARRATOR: TAMEEM AL-DAARI .................................................................. ............. 398 "THE RELIGION IS THE NASEEHAH." ................................................................................. 398 "To ALLAH" ............................................................................................................... 402 "To HIS BOOK" ........................ ................................................................................... 403 "TO HIS MESSENGER" ............ ...................................................................................... 404 "TO THE LEADERS OF THE MUSLIMS" ............................................................................... 405 "TO THE COMMON FOLK OF THE MUSLIMS" ...................................................................... 409 THE IMPORTANCE OFAL-NASEEHAH ...... : ......................................................................... 411 IS NASEEHAH ONLY A COMMUNAL OBLIGATION? .............................................................. 412 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 413 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ...................................................................................... ...... 414 HADITH #8: "I HAVE BEEN ORDERED TO FIGHT ••• " •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••.• 417 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 417 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 418 iv Table of Contents GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ....................................................................... 418 DIFFERENT NARRATIONS OF THIS HADITH ............... .......................................................... 418 ABOUT THE NARRATOR ................................................................................................. 419 "I HAVE BEEN ORDERED" ............................................................................................... 420 "TO FIGHT AGAINST THE PEOPLE" .................................................................................... 420 "UNTIL THEY TESTIFY THAT THERE IS NONE WORTHY OF WORSHIP EXCEPT ALLAH AND THAT MUHAMMAD IS THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH, ESTABLISH THE PRAYER AND GIVE THE zakah" ....... 422 ''THEN, IF THEY DO THAT, THEIR BLOOD AND WEALTH WILL BE PROTECTED FROM ME'' ............... 425 "EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RIGHT OF ISLAM" ......................................................... 426 "AND THEIR RECKONING WILL BE WITH ALLAH, THE EXALTED" .............................................. 428 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 429 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 430 HADITH #9 "WHAT I HAVE FORBIDDEN YOU, AVOID ... " .......................................... 431 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 431 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 432 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE HADITH ............................................................................. 432 THE CIRCUMSTANCES BEHIND THE HADITH ....................................................................... 432 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA ............................................................................ 433 "WHAT I HAVE FORBIDDEN YOU, STAY AWAY FROM" .......................................................... 433 "WHAT I HAVE ORDERED YOU [TO DO], DO AS MUCH OF IT AS YOU CAN." ............................... 434 "VERILY, THE PEOPLE BEFORE YOU WERE DESTROYED ONLY BECAUSE OF THEIR EXCESSIVE QUESTIONING" ............................................................................................................ 438 "VERILY, THE PEOPLE BEFORE YOU WERE DESTROYED ONLY BECAUSE OF ... THEIR DISAGREEING WITH THEIR PROPHETS." ....................................................................................................... 441 RELATED ISSUES ........................................................................................................... 444 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH .........................................................................