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u. ూ .\jL...43 ල ....a....I uƂ'll Hadith #34: "Whoever of You Sees an Evil . . . " Hadith #34 "Whoever of You Sees an Evil . . . " ... ,,.. .... "' J. ... J.j c;,: .... J\i  .ibl J Ƒ৅»1 ঴ i O .... J / J J g;I ,,.. o:i o:i ' IQ  ij :; J_,At J  Alli M @I ঵ ':.b;ృౄ; -..1 ½¾ A.it.:..Ll ':.b;౅; °..i ½¾ Γ..G oΔ .,,. . · Ȯ ȯ '" ,,. ,,.. · Ȯ ȯ J:. ,,,. ,,, ... .. .. ,,.. ... ... ,,.. ,,. ... ... ORSI ਖ਼f J / / 01jj On the authority of Abu Saeed al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say, "Whoever of you sees an evil must then change it with his hand. If he is not able to do so, then [he must change it] with his tongue. And if he is not able to do so, then [he must change it] with his heart. And that is the slightest [effect of] faith." Recorded by Muslim. Selected Vocabulary - "evil, wrong," see the discussion below - "he must then change it"; the u corresponds to, "then"; the J implies an imperative; the lj is for the third person, male; .Y.f:. means, "to change"; and the • refers to "it," or, in this case, the evil that is being seen. - "by his hand"; the ._,., is "by, with"; -l:! is hand; the • is "his" - "and if' - "he is able to" - "then by bis tongue"; the u is "then"; the '-:' again is, "by, with"; c.Jl ... ..l is tongue; the • is "his" again. - "then by his heart," ...,.,li is heart. - "weakest" - "the faith" Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi Takhreej This hadith was recorded through the chain of Qais ibn Muslim from Taariq ibn Shihaab from Abu Saeed. With that chain, it was recorded by Muslim, Abu Dawood, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasaai, ibn Maajah, Ahmad, ibn Hibbaan, al-Tayaalisi, Abdul Razzaaq, Abu Nuaim and others. The text of the hadith states that the governor Marwaan was the first one who gave the khutbah before the Eid Prayer. A person stood up to him and said, "The prayer is before the khutbah." Marwaan said, "We have left that practice." Abu Saeed then said, "That person [who had objected to the wrong act] has fulfilled the obligation upon him. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say, 'Whoever of you sees an evil must change it by his hand . . . "' It was also recorded with the chain oflsmaeel ibn Rajaa from his father from Abu Saeed al-Khudri. With that chain, it was recorded by Muslim, Abu Dawood, ibn Maajah, Ahmad, al-Baihaqi, ibn Hibbaan, Abd ibn Humaid, ibn Mandah and others. Al-Bukhari also records it with a different chain. However, in al­ al-Bukhari's version and another report in Muslim, it was Abu Saeed al-Khudri who objected to Marwaan and pulled him by his hand. In that narration, the statement ("Whoever sees ... ") was not attributed to the Prophet (peace be upon him). 1 It is possible that both Abu Saeed and another man objected to Marwaan's action and different narrators narrated what they witnessed at the time.2 General Comments About the Hadith This hadith touches upon one of the most important issues for the salvation and prosperity of the Muslim community. The overriding characteristic of eradicating evil is one of the characteristics that separates this Muslim community from the previous communities. In this hadith, the Prophet (peace be upon him) has made it clear that removing evil or wanting to remove evil is an essential characteristic of the faith of a Muslim. This hadith exemplifies a believer's attitude toward evil. A believer is never willing to accept or be pleased with evil. Whenever evil is in front of him, he will oppose it and do his best to remove it given his capability. About the Narrator: Abu Saeed al-Khudri Abu Saeed was discussed in the commentary to Hadith Number 32. 1 Cf., ibn Muhammad, pp. 196-197. 2 For a lengthier explanation for what may have occurred, see al-Nawawi, Sharh sahih, vol. 2, p. 2 1 . Qaadhi lyaadh and ibn Hajr imply that it could have been two completely different incidents. However, al-Ubayy says that such is a far-fetched understanding. See Qaadhi lyaadh al-Yahsubi, vol. 1, p. 294; al-Ubayy, vol. 1 , p. 1 53; lbn Hajr, Fath (Daar al-Ifta), vol. 2, p. 450. Hadith #34: "Whoever of You Sees an Evil. . . " "Whoever of you sees an evil" In this hadith, the Prophet (peace be upon him) specifically mentioned the case where the person sees the evil that is being committed. If there is an open and clear evil that Muslims are witnessing, it is obligatory upon them to change it if they have the ability to do so.