. J; 1," (cont.)

4 • Allah's grace which is brought forth in this hadith has also been alluded to in the following verse of the Quran,5 A. / ,,,. ,,.. c. ,.,., ,: */ .. /·"f-=I q A1cj 3 q 4J ) \11 1" .. L ;1\ ࣵ - ; / 1 Al-Aini, vol. 23, p. 80. 2 Cf., al-Qaari, vol. 5, p. 160. lbn Bataal originally made a similar statement. See ibn Hajr, Fath, vol. 13, p. 1 27. 3 These are more than simply the thoughts that uncontrollably occur to a person's mind, as were discussed earlier. But these are the doubts that a person holds and adheres to in his mind. 4 Cf., ibn Rajah, Jaami, vol. 2, p. 324. 5 This verse is part of a group of verses that were already quoted. They are very closely related to the topic at hand because they demonstrate that a person is not held responsible for the thoughts that come to his mind and which he cannot control. 1 126 Hadith #37: "Allah recorded the Good Deeds . . . " "Allah burdens not a soul beyond what it can bear. He gets reward for that [good] which he has earned. And he is punished for that [evil] which he has earned" (al-Baqara 286). In this verse, Allah has used the word kasaba for what the person earns and iktisaba for what will be held against the person. In most English translations, like the above from Khan and al­ Hilaali, there is no distinction made between these two terms. However, there is a difference between the two words. The first word implies what one earns even with very little effort. This would include what a person decides to do and then he does not do it. He still has earned one good deed. The second word, which is what one is going to be held responsible for, implies more effort. In other words, as in this hadith, if a person simply decides to do an evil deed but he does not go out and do it, that will not be held against him at all. Summary of the Hadith • Allah has decreed what the good deeds and evil deeds are. He has recorded the deeds of mankind or has ordered the angels to record the deeds of mankind in the manner described in this hadith. • First, if a person truly decides to do a good deed and then ends up not doing it, Allah will have recorded for him one good deed. • Second, if the person actually performs the good deed, it will be multiplied for him by a multiple of ten up to a multiple of whatever Allah, in His mercy and grace, wills. • Third, if a person decides to do an evil deed and then, for the sake of Allah, he changes his way and does not do that deed, Allah will record for him one good deed. • Fourth, if a person actually does perform the evil deed, Allah will only record one evil deed against him. • Such is the mercy and grace of Allah. With this type of reckoning, only those who truly deserve to be destroyed and punished will be destroyed and punished. 1 127 . Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi 1 128 Hadith #38: "Whoever Shows Enmity to . . . " Hadith #38 "Whoever Shows Enmity to . . . " On the authority of Abu Huraira who said: The Messenger of Allah (upon whom be Allah's blessings and peace) said, "Allah the Almighty has said, 'Whoever has mutual animosity with a friend (wali) of Mine, I declare war upon him. My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more beloved to Me than the religious duties that I have imposed upon him; and My servant continues to draw near to Me with supererogatory works such that I love him. And when I love him, I am his hearing with which he hears, his seeing with which he sees, his hand with which he strikes, and his leg with which he walks. Were he to ask of Me, I would surely give him; and were he to ask Me for refuge, I would surely grant him it.'" Recorded by al-Bukhari. Selected Vocabulary -s..ii - "enmity, opposition between two" .i.:u:ii - "I have announced, declared to him" '-:-'୪ - "war" '-:-'.Ji:i - "draw near, get close" 1 129 . Zs-!! r..jº .. ற ஷI .u...;.,ys\ Jlj: J!Iஶ ஸI w..;S ல .u;...) ள UJ ழL.. வy Ƿ:i൥1 Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi - "to me" - "my servant," the r..j represents, "my" - "with a thing, with anything," the '-:-' is "with, by," .. ɗ is "a thing" - "most beloved" - "I have made it obligatory" - "he continues" - "by voluntary deeds," the '-:-' is "with, by" - "I love him" - "I was" - "his hearing" - "his vision" - "his hand" - "he strikes" - "his leg" - "he walks" - "if . . .