224. They do not have the entire hadith but it is the hadith ofWaabisah. (cont.)

It is more concerned with could be called "a judgment call," where one has to decide what ruling applies in the particular case that he is facing. He may have contradictory signs showing that something could be permissible or impermissible. It is in those types of cases that he consults his heart and follows the ilhaam that he receives there. 2 Al-Haitami concludes that this hadith is not in reference to the disputed ilhaam. He says that ilhaam is a feeling that is put into the heart without any surrounding evidence or research into the matter under consideration. Here, the issue is of a different nature. Here, it is because of the appearance of some signs or evidences, perhaps very obscure, that a person has some doubt about a particular act. In that case, he turns to his heart. If it is uneasy about the act, he knows that he should not perform the act even if the people are claiming that there is no harm in it.3 "This is a hasan hadith. We have transmitted it in the two Musnads of the two Imams Ahmad ibn Hanbal and al-Daarimi with a good ( hasan ) chain." Hasan hadith with a hasan chain Al-Nawawi explicitly mentioned that both the hadith and its chain are hasan.4 This may sound redundant but it is not. A hadith could be hasan while its chain is not and vice-versa. A hadith may be called hasan while it is from the category of hasan lighairihi or hasan not on its own merit alone, but only due to supporting evidence. So one hadith could have a weak chain but since it is supported by other reports, the hadith itself is not weak but it is hasan. 1 Quoted in Uthmaan ibn Ali ibn Hasan, Minhaj al-lstidlaal ala Masaail al-ltiqaad (Riyadh: Maktaba al-Rushd, 1 992), vol. 2, p. 665. 2 For more on the refutation of using ilhaam in more than the restricted sense described above, see Saadiq, pp. 434-440; ibn Hasan, vol. 2, pp. 665-667. 3 Al-Haitami, Fath, p. 216. 4 As was noted in the Takhreej section, his statement that the chain is hasan seems to be incorrect. Hadith #27: "Righteousness is Good Character .. " On the other hand, the statement, "The chain is hasan," implies that all of the narrators of the hadith are of at least hasan quality, while some, not all, might even be of sahih quality. Furthermore, the chain must be unbroken. That is enough to say that the chain is hasan but that is not sufficient to say that the hadith itself is hasan. The hadith might have some defect to it or it may contradict stronger authorities. In that case, although the chain is hasan, the hadith itself would be rejected. In addition, a particular chain could be of hasan level but the hadith itself may be sahih if it is narrated through other channels. The TwoMusnads A Musnad is a type of hadith collection that is not arranged according to fiqh topic, as is the case with Sahih al-Bukhari', Sahih Muslim and other books available in English. Instead, a Musnad collection is arranged according to the Companion on whose authority the hadith is narrated. There are many such collections of hadith. Perhaps the most famous is the Musnad of Ahmad. Other Musnad collections include the Musnad of Abd ibn Humaid, Musnad of Abu Yala, Musnad of al-Bazzaar, Musnad of al­ Humaidi and Musnad of Abu Dawood al-Tayaalisi. The reader may have noted that no mention was made of the Musnad of al-Daarimi, whom al-Nawawi has referred to. This is because al-Daarimi does not have a collection of the Musnad variety. Instead, his was a work known as Sunan al-Daarimi. Sunan works, like the Sunan Abu Dawood available in English, are arranged according to fiqh topic. Why then did al-Nawawi refer to it as a Musnad? As al-Iraaqi explained, al-Daarimi's work is sometimes referred to as a Musnad. However, that is not in the sense described above. The word musnad also has another meaning among the scholars of hadith. It refers to hadith with chains that are unbroken and which are traced all the way back to the Prophet (peace be upon him). In general, this is the type of hadith that one finds in Sunan al-Daarimi. That is why it is sometimes referred to as Musnad al-Daarimi. But as to the type of hadith collection, it is not a Musnad work.2 It seems that it would have been clearer for al-Nawawi not to refer to both Ahmad's work and al-Daarimi's work as the two Musnads, since they are not actually two of the same type of Musnad. Allah knows best. 1 The reader may have noted that the word musnad also appeared in the title of al-Bukhari's work. However, in that case it is used with a different meaning: musnad also means a hadith with a complete chain that is traced all the way back to the Prophet (peace be upon him).