. J '1 J (cont.)

Later in his life, due to some incidents, al-Tahaawi changed his school from the Shafi'ee school to the Hanafi school. He became one of the leading Hanafi jurists. Most of his writings were in the field offiqh, such as Ikhtilaaf al-Fuqahaa, a book on the difference of opinion among the scholars. However, his important works also include Sharh Maani al-Athaar and Sharh Mushkil al-Athaar, both primarily explaining the meaning and application of different hadith. He is also famous for a short treatise he wrote on the true creed of the ahl al-sunnah wa al-jamaah and of Abu Hanifab and his followers. Tameem ibn Aus al-Daari [i.,.>Jlll l.>") L>! ׈]- see pp. 4 78-479. al-Tayaalisi, Abu Dawood Sulaimaan [._....J4bl 01...;L ..i.J\J Y.l]: Al-Tayaalisi (d. 203/8 1 8) was a renowned scholar of hadith, the author of a Musnad and other works. He lived in Basra. His teachers included Shubab, Sufyaan al-Thauri and others. Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ali ibn al-Madeeni and many others were from among his students. Biographical Data Al-Teebi [୉I] : Al-Husain ibn Abdullah al-Teebi (d. 743) hailed from close to Waasit in a province called Khauzistaan. According to ibn Hajr, he was very active in refuting the philosphers and heretics of his time and he demonstrated a strong love for the Book of Allah and the sunnah of His messenger (peace be upon him). He wrote a number of books about the Arabic language, ta/seer and hadith. He wrote a commentary on Mishkaat al-Masaabeeh, published under the title Sharh al-Teebi ala Mishkaat al-Masaabeeh. Al-Tiraiqi, Abdullah [é_;bll ..l:il ¥-]: Abdullah al-Tiraiqi is a contemporary scholar hailing from al-Zilfi, Saudi Arabia. He is currently living in Riyadh and teaching at Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University. His specialty is fiqh and his doctoral thesis was a lengthy treatise on the legality of different kinds of foods and meat. Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Isa [(,?i.y.ll Ʌ _,;I] - see p. 570. Al-Tustari, Sahl ibn Abdullah [(,?Ji..:ili ..l:il ¥- iY. ׉]: Sahl ibn Abdullah al-Tustari (d. 283/897) was from Tustar in the Persian province of Khawzistan, where he taught Islamic sciences and instructed others in Sufism before he came to Basrah and settled there. He was known for his abstinence and renunciation Um Salamah [W... l"I]: "The mother of the believers" Um Salamah Hind bint Abu Umayyah ibn al-Mughirah was one of the earliest Muslims. She migrated to Abyssinia along with her husband Abu Salamah where the latter died. She was later married to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) whom she joined in Madinah in 4 A.H. She died in 59 A.H. Umar ibn Abdul Azeez (j;y...l ¥- iY. ->4"']: Umar ibn Abdul Azeez (61-101) was the great grandson of Umar ibn al-Khattaab on his mother's side and the grandson of the Umayyad khaleefah Marwan. Umar ibn Abdul Azeez became the khaleefah in the year 99 A.H. He was well respected for his great piety and fear of Allah. When he became khaleefah, he tried to redress the wrongs of his predecessors and establish the khilaafah on the same standard as that of Abu Bakr and Umar. Some people even call him the fifth of the rightly-guided khaleefahs. At the same time, Umar was a faqeeh and a man of profound sayings. He greatly influenced the Madinan school of fiqh. He also took an active role in encouraging the Muslim scholars to record the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) on a widespread basis. Umar ibn al-Khattaab [yl...l..:;Ji 0! ..>4"'] - see pp. 1 1 71 19. Al-Uqaili, Abu Jafar [ơI ÷ _,;I]: Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Amr al-Uqaili (d. 322) was from Makkah. He studied under a number of great hadith scholars, such as ibn Khuzaimah. He wrote a very respected work on weak narrators, entitled al­ Dhuafaa min Rawaat al-hadith. Uthmaan ibn Affaan [u\£c. iY. uWc. ]: Uthmaan ibn Affaan al-Qurashi (d. 35/656) was born in Makkah some forty-seven years before the date of the Hijrah of the Prophet (peace be upon him). He was one of the earliest people to embrace his Islam and he sacrificed much of his wealth for the sake of the religion. He was always a very close Companion to the Prophet (peace be upon him). He was married to two daughters of the Prophet (peace be upon him), Ruqayya and then, after her death, Umm Kulthoom. He became the third khaleefah oflslam, succeeding Umar ibn al-Khattaab by being chosen by the election committee. During his role as khaleefah, he did the second collection of the Quran and had Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi copies of the pure text distributed throughout the Muslim world. Unfortunately, he was unfairly accused of supporting members of his clan, the Umayyads. This led to a group of insurgents coming to his home to force him to resign. When he refused, they climbed over the walls of his house and killed him while he was reading the Quran. Yahya ibn Maeen [Ì 0! ׊]: Yahya ibn Maeen (157/775-233/848) was originally from Iraq.