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Chapter 336 of 5614 min read
حديث واثلة (تتمة)
On the other hand, the complete determination to do something evil, even though Allah may not have allowed the person to fulfill that intent, is a sin because it meets the above conditions. 4 • The one who gives a religious verdict gives that verdict based on the external evidence related to an issue. In general, it is not his role to determine what is the most pious path to follow. Instead, he must give the general ruling of permissibility and non-permissibility for all to follow. Therefore, his ruling that something is legal may not be satisfactory for the one trying to follow the approach of taqwa and fear of Allah. Al-Nawawi gives an example of a person receiving a gift from another person whose wealth is mostly from a forbidden source. The one receiving the gift may 1 The information about al-Daarimi was taken from the introduction to al-Daarimi, pp. '-•. 2 Al-Nawawi, Sharh al-Arbaeen, p. 1 12. 3 Cf., al-Bugha and Mistu, p. 196. 4 Cf., al-Haitami, Fath, p. 215. Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi not feel comfortable with that gift. The one making the legal ruling may look into the issue and conclude that such a gift is permissible to accept. However, the person himself may still not feel right with taking such a gift that could be derived from a forbidden source. Therefore, he should leave that gift.1 • At the end of his commentary on this hadith, al-Haitami makes an important general point regarding hadith as a whole. He states that if anyone wants to narrate or use as a proof any hadith from the collections that are known not to be all authentic, such as the Sunan collections, Musnad collections and so forth, and he is knowledgeable of the sciences of hadith, then it is not allowable for him to use such a hadith until he first determines if it is sahih or hasan. If the person is not knowledgeable of hadith, then he must first consult a scholar of hadith to find out if the hadith is indeed sahih or hasan. Otherwise, the person cannot use the hadith as he may be using something that is incorrect. 2 Summary of the Hadith • "The main or essential aspect of righteousness is good character." Or, "Righteousness is good character." • Sin has a direct effect on a pious person's heart. It makes his soul uneasy and wavering. • Another sign of sin is that a person dislikes to have people witness the act. • A believer should consult his heart before performing a deed. If his heart feels uncomfortable about it, he should avoid it, even if the people give him verdicts that there is nothing wrong with the act. 1 Al-Nawawi, Sharh al-Arbaeen, pp. 1 12-1 13. 2 Al-Haitami, Fath, p. 2 1 8. Hadith #28: "I advise you to have taqwa . . . " Hadith #28 "I advise you to have taqwa . . . " Ä > ϏÆ JÅj &'?IJ (JI" j.f oljj On the authority of Abu Najeeh al-Irbaa " - "farewell" ಕ.JI - "I advise you" (plural) כI - "listen" ಔUJI - "obedience" '-5 y,..i - "he shall then see" לI - "differences" ෳ - "lots, many" ෴ - "my sunnah, my way of life, my path" ಖWi...l - "successors" ರ\)\ - the person who is ȷl..J (raashid) is one who both knows the truth and follows it םI - "the guided ones" .::.iர - "newly introduced things" ಒ.l.! - "innovation, heresy" ಾಿ - "a going astray, misguidance" Takhreej This hadith is sahih. It was recorded, with slightly different wordings, by Ahmad, Abu Daawood,1 al-Tirmidhi, ibn Hibbaan, ibn Abu Aasim, al Baihaqi, al-Haakim and a number of others from al-Waleed ibn Muslim from Thaur ibn Y azeed from Khaalid ibn Madaan from both Abdul Rahmaan ibn Amr al-Sulami and Hujr ibn Hujr al-Kalaai from al-Irbaad. This chain is of sahih quality as all of the narrators are well-known trustworthy narrators. This hadith is also recorded by al-Tirmidhi, ibn Maajah, al-Daarimi, al Tabaraani and a host of others with the same chain but without mention ofHujr ibn Hujr. Ahmad, ibn Maajah, al-Haakim and others record it from Muawiya ibn Saaleh from Dhamrah ibn Habeeb from Abdul Rahman ibn Amr from al lrbaad. Beyond the above, there are a number of different chains and corroborating chains for this hadith, as mentioned in detail by ibn Muhammad.2 According to ibn Muhammad, al-Albaani, al-Bazzaar, al-Tirmidhi, al Haakim, ibn Abdul Barr, Abu Nuaim and numerous others, this is an authentic hadith.3 1 In the footnotes to ibn Uthaimeen, Sharh Riyaadh (vol. 3, p. 329), it states that the hadith is recorded by Muslim, al-Tirmidhi and ibn Maajah. It seems clear that such is simply a typographical error, what the scholars of hadith would call tasheef (Ƶ'), as the referred to chapter title and hadith number are clearly those of Sunan Abu Daawood and not Sahih Muslim. 2 lbn Muhammad, pp. 168-172. 3 For particular references, see ibn Muhammad, p. 171. Hadith #28: "I advise you to have taqwa . .