. J '1 J (cont.)

He was one of the greatest scholars in hadith and a companion of Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Zaid ibn Thaabit [w,>t:i 0! .l:lj]: Zaid ibn Thaabit (d. 45/665) was born in Madinah some eleven years before the event of the Prophet's hijrah. However, he was raised in Makkah. He was one of the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) who was assigned the job of recording the revelations of the Quran. Later, he would play an important role during the time of Abu Bakr and during the time of Uthmaan in compiling the complete and authentic Quran. He was greatly respected by the other Companions, in particular, Umar would leave him in charge ofMadinah whenever he would have to leave the city. Al-Zaila'ee [Íjll]: Jamaal al-Deen Abdullah ibn Yoosuf al-Zayla'ee (d. 762/1 360) was a Hanafi jurist, legal theorist and scholar of hadith. He was born in Zayla' in Somalia and died in Cairo. His Nasb al-Raayah fl Takhreej Ahaadeeth al­ Hidaayah is a work on the hadith referred to in the famous work of Hanafi fiqh, al-Hidaayah. Al-Zarkashi [׋.Jjll]: Badr al-Deen Muhammad al-Zarkashi (745/1344-794/1 392) was of Turkish background but born in Egypt. He became a leading Shafi'ee scholar as well as a scholar of hadith and Quranic sciences. His work on Quranic sciences, al-Burhaan fl Uloom al-Quran, has since been a standard. He has an important work on Shafi'ee legal theory entitled, al-Bahir al­ Muheet. He also wrote an important treatise on legal maxims from a Shafi'ee perspective, al-Manthoor fl al-Qawaaid. Al-Zuhri, Muhammad ibn Shihaab [lf.J4jll YÊ 0! ª]: Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Abdullah al-Zuhri (58/678-124/742) was born in Madinah. He was instrumental in developing some of the aspects of the sciences of hadith. He became insistent on the use of the isnaad and he began to record hadith in a systematic fashion. He was also a very influential jurist and one of the leaders of the Madinan school of fiqh. His thought greatly influenced Imam Malik. He spent part of his life in Syria and died close to the Hijaz-Palestine border. Glossary Glossary Abu (Y.I) - "father of'; in Arabic, many times the proper form is Abi (as in ibn Abi Shaibah), however since that form is unfamiliar to many readers, Abu is used throughout this work. Adhaan (ul.:il)- the call to prayer. Adi ( Jlc) -justice, righteousness Ahl al-Hill wa al-Aqd ( .ii.JIJ J:,...l JA I) - the most respected and influential people in Islamic society; they have the most important role in determining who is to be the ruler and when should the ruler be removed. Ahl al-ra'i (':?1)1 JAi)- this is a term used for those scholars who were more apt to make ijtihaad or personal reasoning; many times it is used to refer to the Iraqi/Kuran jurists as a whole. Ahl al-Suffah (u....!I JAi) - the poor people who used to live in the Prophet's mosque Ahl al-sunnah wa al-Jamaah ('-c\...;JIJ I JAi) - "The People of the Sunnah and the Congregation," this refers to those people who follow the way of the sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the way of his Companions with respect to beliefs and deeds or a general application of the religion of Islam. Alaqah (ഖ) - "something that clings and adheres," one of the stages that a human goes through in the fetus Allaahu akbar (fa.I ..ii ) - "Allah is greater (than anything)" Amal ( J=) - deed, act Ameer (->-""I) - leader; often used for the head or president of a mosque An (UC-) - "on the authority of' Ansaar (J ... .:>.il) - the Muslim residents ofMadinah who welcomed their brothers who had emigrated from Makkah to Madinah Ansaari ((,?_J ....... .il) - a person from the Ansaar Aqeeqah (ഗ) - the sunnah of slaughtering an animal due to the birth of a child Arafah (DZ y:.) - This is a place that a person is required to visit as one of the rites of the pilgrimage; it is visited on the 9th day of the month of the pilgrimage. Arkaan (ulS))- these are pillars or n׌cessary aspects of a particular deed. Asbaab al-nuwol (J.Jjll '·:·A...il) - circumstances surrounding the revelation of particular verses of the Quran Asbaab wurood al-hadith ( 6;.i:...1 ୈJ.JJ y4'°-I) - circumstances surrounding particular speech of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Ashaairah, al- (oy:.L!.':/I) - These are the supposed followers of Abu al-Hasan al-Ashari (260-324 A.H.). This group is known for making taweel for many of the attributes of Allah. They also believe that imaan is solely tasdeeq. Ashaab al-ra'i (':?1.)1 yb.....l)- this is a term used for those scholars who were more apt to make ijtihaad or personal reasoning; in reality, though, it was used as a general reference for the jurists ofKufah and Iraq or those of the Hanafi school.