. J '1 J (cont.)

Ashari (':?DžI) - one who belongs to the Ashaairah Asharites - a common Western term for the Ashaairah Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi Ashoorah ( .>II) - this word means either righteousness or good, proper conduct Burhaan (ulAy,) - proof Dalaalah al-nass (ࡳI "-1LJ..i) - argument a fortiori; arguing from an agreed upon proposition to a more evident one. Dawah (o_,c...i) - propagating Islam, calling others to the religion oflslam Deen (LJ:!..i) - complete way of life, religion Dhaabit fiqhi (େ.hi\...;,) - a principle that applies throughout one specific area of fiqh, such as the are of physical purity, as opposed to a qaaidahfiqhiyah that applies to numerous different fields offiqh. Dhaahiris - people who follow the literal meaning of the texts and refuse to go beyond that literal meaning; in Arabic, they are known as al-Dhaahiriyyah (A..;ക1.1.ll) Dhaeef(Ʒ) - weak, as in a weak hadith Dhalaalah ("-1'.ll.:a) - misguidance, straying from the straight path Dhanni (ÿ) - speculative, probable; the opposite of qati'ee which implies definitive, certain. Dharar (.J>-"') - harm, the opposite of what is beneficial Dhikr (_;S:i) - words of remembrance of Allah Dhiyaa' ( " _,.i _;ill) - Paradise Fitnah (୅) - trial, temptation Furoo, al- (t_,_;ill) - this word has various meanings, dependent on the context; in general, it means the secondary issues, as opposed to the fundamental issues known as al-usool. Sometimes it refers to legal matters while the usool would then be matters of belief. Ghaib, al- ('-:-';!il ) - the unseen, unwitnessed Ghareeb ( എ..J:-) - lit., something strange; in hadith terminology, it refers to hadith which come through only one source; when al-Tirmidhi called a hadith ghareeb, it usually meant that the hadith was weak. Ghusl ( J....c) - the complete washing, required, for example, due to sexual defilement Ghura (0 ..J:-) - blood money to be paid in the case of causing another's death Haafidh (..l:.96.) - a great scholar, preserver of knowledge Habeeb (ǚ) - beloved Hajj (i?) - the pilgrimage to Makkah that one must perform once in one's life if one has the means to do so. Hajr (.»A) - boycotting another person Halaal ( J)l,.) - permissible; opposite of haraam Hamd, al- ( .i...:..l ) - praise and gratitude Hamm ((-A) - consider or decide upon something Hamdulilaah, al- (.ii .i...:..l) - all praises are to Allah. Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi Haqeeqi (Ƽ) - literal speech Haraam (i>Iא), commonly haram - forbidden; opposite of halaal. Hasad ( .l....!>.) - envy, jealousy Hasan (_)- this is a verified hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) although it is not as strong as sahih. Hasan lidhaatihi ( ...:il:il _) - this is a hadith that reaches the level of hasan on its own merit, without the need for any corroborating evidence. Hasan lighairihi (•.J:!il _) - this is a hadith that has been raised to the level of hasan due to corroborating or supporting evidence. Hijaab ('-:-'ୄ) - the prescribed woman's dress Hayaa' ( "Õ) - modesty, shyness, bashfulness Hijrah (• ..r.-A) - lit., "emigration, migration," when used in the expression, "Year of the hijrah," it is a reference to the Prophet's (peace be upon him) migration from Makkah to Madinah that marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar; it also refers to boycotting or avoiding one another. Hikmah (ƽ) - literally, wisdom; in numerous verses in the Quran, it is in specific reference to the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) Hoar al-ain, al- (ഋI .J_,,.JI) - the special spouses that one will be blessed with in Paradise. Hudood, al- (..iJ.i.:...l ) - the prescribed legal punishments for specific crimes. Hulqoom, al- (i>#I) - the windpipe lbaadah (0..il,ic) - "worship," in the Islamic sense, it includes more than the ritual acts but all acts done for the sake of Allah can be considered acts of worship. lbn (U!I) - "son of' ldhmaar (.Jഌ!) - "suppression" or "ellipsis." This is where something is left intentionally unstated but its meaning can be assumed or understood. Idraaj ((l.J..iJ) - the inadvertent inclusion of words while narrating or recording a hadith, such words do not form part of the hadith but may mistakenly be passed on by other's as part of the hadith. Ihsaan (u഍!) - as discussed in the text, the general meaning is the doing of goodness; the particular meaning is to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him or, at least, to know that He is watching. Ijtihaad ( ..i441) - the use of personal reasoning to determine what is correct from the shareeah's point of view. Ikhlaas, al- (u-=>:h/11) - pure sincerity in one's intentions and deeds. lkraah (•1.fiJ) - coercion, duress Ilaah ( 4..lJ) - god, worshipped one, adored one /llah (A.1:.) - in hadith terminology, this refers to an obscure, damaging defect that makes the narration unacceptable; in fiqh and Islamic legal theory, it is the effective legal cause behind a specific command or prohibition, such as the fact that alcohol causes intoxication is the legal cause for the prohibition of alcohol.