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...roughout his childhood and remain by his side until her own death long after his. The marriage of Abdullah and Aminah stands ...
...sion to pray for her forgiveness but was not permitted. The death of Abdullah is the opening of the prophetic biography's gre...
The death of Aminah bint Wahb, the Prophet's mother, occurred at a wa...
...aid simply, "The House has a Lord who will protect it." His death was mourned across Mecca. The Prophet ﷺ cried openly follow...
...ordinary devotion. For twenty-five years — until Khadijah's death in the tenth year of prophethood — the Prophet ﷺ took no ot...
...dipped their hands in a bowl of blood, pledging to fight to death rather than concede the honor. The standoff lasted four or ...
...ly, in Islamic tradition, accept Islam privately before his death. The Prophet ﷺ later led the funeral prayer for him in Medi...
...y after the three-year boycott of Banu Hashim ended. At his deathbed, the Prophet ﷺ made his most urgent request of his uncle...
... buried in Jannat al-Mu'la in Mecca. In the years after her death, the Prophet ﷺ spoke of her with consistent love: he would ...
The tenth year of prophethood brought two deaths in close succession that the Prophet ﷺ named Aam al-Huzn —...
...aif in the tenth year of prophethood (619 CE) following the deaths of Abu Talib and Khadijah, seeking an alternative base for...
...he pilgrimage seasons of the late Meccan period — after the death of Abu Talib and Khadijah had left the Prophet ﷺ more expos...
...raising Allah, testifying to His oneness, addressing piety, death, and communal obligations, and calling the gathering to obe...
...e arc of the Ansar generation: welcome, service, sacrifice, death in the way of Allah. The arrival of the Prophet ﷺ in Medina...
... to Allah') was revealed approximately nine days before his death. The longest surah in the Quran was given across the entire...
...n Arabian tribes refused to pay zakat after the Prophet's ﷺ death, declared war: 'By Allah, I will fight those who separate p...
...tory prayer, nothing stands between him and Paradise except death.' This statement has made Ayat al-Kursi perhaps the most wi...
...ra to Medina. He died of illness, not in battle — the first death of the Medinan community before the era of the battles had ...
... — the narrations record his tears openly. After Ruqayyah's death, the Prophet ﷺ gave his third daughter Umm Kulthum in marri...
...Hasan lived approximately fifty years after the Prophet's ﷺ death. After Ali's assassination in 40 AH, the people of Kufa ple...
...r. Hind promised Wahshi his freedom in exchange for Hamza's death. Wahshi tracked Hamza throughout the battle without engagin...
...party at the plain of Karbala on the tenth of Muharram. His death has shaped Islamic civilization's understanding of martyrdo...
...ll are among the most mourned figures in the seerah — their deaths representing the greatest single blow to the Muslim commun...
... visit him easily. His wound reopened and he bled until his death. When Sa'd died, the Prophet ﷺ said: 'The Throne of the Mo...
... him and not flee, even in the expectation of battle to the death. When it was time for Uthman's own pledge, the Prophet ﷺ pl...
...a was honored in the Prophet's ﷺ later grief at the Negus's death in 9 AH — the Prophet ﷺ announced his death and prayed the ...
...that the completion implied the nearness of the Prophet's ﷺ death. The Prophet ﷺ appointed governors to newly Muslim territor...
The Negus Ashama ibn Abjar — the Christian king of Abyssinia who had sheltered the first Muslim emigrants and refused to extradite them to the Quraysh — died in
...; Uthman ibn Affan stood beside him, also weeping. With her death, the Prophet ﷺ had buried three daughters in Medina: Zaynab...
...s the Prophet's ﷺ only son to survive birth after the early deaths of his three sons by Khadijah. The Prophet ﷺ named him Ibr...
...on of the religion signaled the nearness of the Prophet's ﷺ death. The revelation arrived at the theological climax of the se...
...ded as most critical for the community's survival after his death. He declared the sanctity of Muslim life, property, and hon...
...ogically — approximately eighty days before the Prophet's ﷺ death. Every Muslim who stands at Arafat during Hajj stands at th...
...t Zayd ibn Thabit reported the Prophet ﷺ said indicated his death was near. This doubled review was understood as the final a...
...his father's memory at the site of Mutah, and delivering in death what the Prophet ﷺ had promised: that his last command woul...
... the news was shattered. Umar drew his sword and denied the death. Abu Bakr came, uncovered the Prophet's ﷺ face, kissed his ...
...refused to believe it, threatening anyone who announced the death. Abu Bakr came, went to Aisha's chamber, uncovered the Prop...
...y Fir'awn's own household. After inadvertently causing the death of an Egyptian man during a confrontation, Musa fled to Mad...
...ion of the heart, care for the poor, and the remembrance of death. Its core message was the same as every prophet before him:...
After the death of the last righteous bishop, Salman al-Farisi رضي الله عنه...
...anu Asad tribe who had declared himself a prophet after the death of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Khalid ibn al-Walid led the Muslim f...
The Battle of Yamama was the bloodiest engagement of the Riddah Wars, fought against Musaylima al-Kadhdhab (the Liar), who had claimed prophethood among the Ban
...aring all who disagreed with them to be apostates worthy of death. Ali confronted them, offering them return to the community...
...last words urging his sons toward mercy and moderation. His death ended the era of the Rashidun Caliphs, all four of whom had...
...d by constant internal conflict. The siege of Mecca and the death of Ibn al-Zubayr would not come until 73 AH under Abd al-Ma...
Following the death of Yazid I in 64 AH, the Umayyad dynasty faced its gravest ...
...of a purge of al-Hajjaj's associates following the latter's death. His brief tenure nonetheless laid the foundations for Isla...
...y as a mujaddid — a renewer of the faith — for his era. His death in 101 AH, possibly from poisoning organized by Umayyad rel...
...p to flank the Muslim force. The resulting chaos led to the deaths of around 70 Muslim martyrs, most prominently Hamza ibn Ab...
...ddiq to reunify the Arabian Peninsula after the Prophet's ﷺ death. When news of the Prophet's ﷺ death spread, several false p...
...w to use his skill only for Islam after his conversion. The death of Musaylima broke the resistance, though the victory came ...
...ufyan established the Umayyad dynasty in Damascus after the death of Ali. The Umayyads expanded Islam from Spain to Central A...
Abdullah ibn al-Muqaffa, who translated Kalila wa Dimna into Arabic, was executed in Basra. His work established Arabic as a language of sophisticated literary
Imam Abu Hanifa an-Nu'man ibn Thabit, the founder of the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, died in Baghdad. Known as al-Imam al-A'zam (the Greatest Imam), his sch
Imam Malik ibn Anas, the scholar of Medina and founder of the Maliki school, died in the city of the Prophet. His al-Muwatta is considered the earliest extant c
Imam Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi'i, who revolutionized Islamic legal theory with his Risalah (the first systematic work on usul al-fiqh), died in Egypt. His sc
Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, who endured imprisonment and torture during the Mihna (inquisition over the createdness of the Quran) rather than compromise his beliefs,
Abu Uthman al-Jahiz, the prolific Basran polymath, died. His Kitab al-Hayawan is a pioneering work of zoology containing observations that anticipated evolution
Abu Yusuf al-Kindi, the first major philosopher in the Islamic tradition, died in Baghdad. He integrated Greek philosophy with Islamic theology.
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, the great polymath, historian, and Quran commentator, died in Baghdad. His Tafsir al-Tabari remains the most comprehens
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, the founder of Ash'ari theology, died in Baghdad. Initially a Mu'tazili scholar, he famously abandoned their rationalist theology and d
Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, the founder of Maturidi theology, died in Samarkand. His theological school became the dominant creedal tradition among Hanafi scholars,
Abu Nasr al-Farabi, known as the 'Second Teacher' after Aristotle, died in Damascus. He made fundamental contributions to logic, political philosophy, and music
Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, compiler of Kitab al-Aghani (Book of Songs), died. His monumental 24-volume work is an encyclopedic collection of poems, biographical
Abu Muhammad Ali ibn Hazm, the greatest scholar of the Zahiri (literalist) school, died in exile in southern Spain. His encyclopedic works include al-Muhalla (c
Imam al-Haramayn Abu al-Ma'ali al-Juwayni, the leading Ash'ari theologian and Shafi'i jurist, died in Nishapur. He was the teacher of al-Ghazali.
Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali, known as Hujjat al-Islam (Proof of Islam), died in Tus. His Ihya Ulum ad-Din (Revival of the Religious Sciences) remains one of t
Ahmad al-Ghazali, the Sufi master and brother of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, died. His Sawanih is a seminal work on divine love in the Sufi tradition.
Ibn Tumart, the founder of the Almohad movement in North Africa, died. His successor Abd al-Mu'min unified the Maghreb and established the Almohad Caliphate.
Abu Marwan ibn Zuhr, the renowned Andalusian physician, died in Seville. His medical text introduced experimental surgery and recommended testing medicines on a
Muhammad al-Idrisi, the celebrated cartographer, died in Sicily. He created the Tabula Rogeriana, the most accurate world map of its era.
Abdul Qadir al-Jilani, the great Hanbali jurist, preacher, and Sufi saint, died in Baghdad. His teachings founded the Qadiriyya, the most widespread Sufi order.
Ibn Asakir, the great historian of Damascus, died. His monumental Tarikh Dimashq runs to 80 volumes and contains biographical entries for thousands of scholars.
Abu al-Walid Muhammad ibn Rushd, the great Andalusian philosopher, jurist, and physician, died in Marrakech. His commentaries on Aristotle profoundly influenced
Abu al-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi, the prolific Hanbali scholar and preacher, died in Baghdad. He authored over 300 works spanning tafsir, hadith, fiqh, history, biogra
Ismail al-Jazari, the pioneering Muslim engineer, died. His Book of Ingenious Mechanical Devices described 50 inventions and is considered a precursor to modern
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, the great polymath and author of the massive Quranic commentary Mafatih al-Ghayb, died in Herat.
Muhyi al-Din ibn Arabi, known as al-Shaykh al-Akbar, died in Damascus. His mystical philosophy profoundly influenced Islamic mysticism, philosophy, and poetry.
Ibn al-Baytar, the greatest botanist of the medieval period, died in Damascus. His compendium described over 1,400 plants and drugs.
... former slave-soldiers, seized power in Egypt following the death of the Ayyubid sultan. The Mamluk Sultanate would rule Egyp...
Izz al-Din ibn Abd al-Salam, known as the Sultan of the Scholars, died in Cairo. He was renowned for his fearless advocacy for justice.
Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Qurtubi, the Maliki jurist and Quran commentator, died in Upper Egypt. His Tafsir al-Jami li-Ahkam al-Quran is one of the most importan
Jalal al-Din Muhammad al-Rumi, the great Persian poet and Sufi mystic, died in Konya. His Masnavi is considered one of the greatest works of mystical literature
Imam Yahya ibn Sharaf an-Nawawi died at just 45 years old, having produced an astonishing body of scholarship. His 40 Hadith collection, Riyadh as-Saliheen, com
Ala al-Din ibn al-Nafis, the physician who first described the pulmonary circulation of blood, died in Cairo, three centuries before Harvey's similar discovery.
Taqi al-Din ibn Daqiq al-Id, the great Shafi'i-Maliki jurist, hadith scholar, and Chief Judge of Egypt, died in Cairo.
Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah, the influential Hanbali scholar and reformer, died in prison in Damascus. His funeral was attended by an estimated 200,000 peop
Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi, one of the greatest Muslim historians and hadith scholars, died in Damascus. His Siyar A'lam al-Nubala is a monumental biographical dic
The Black Death devastated the Muslim world, killing an estimated one-third...
Shams ad-Din Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, the most prominent student of Ibn Taymiyyah, died in Damascus. His prolific writings on spirituality (Madarij as-Saliki
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, the student and companion of Ibn Taymiyyah, died in Damascus. His Zad al-Ma'ad is a comprehensive guide to the Prophet's life and pract
Taj al-Din al-Subki, the Shafi'i scholar and Chief Judge of Damascus, died. He authored Tabaqat ash-Shafi'iyyah al-Kubra.
Imam Isma'il ibn Umar ibn Kathir, the renowned Shafi'i scholar and historian, died in Damascus. His Tafsir Ibn Kathir is the most widely read commentary on the
Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi, the great Maliki jurist of Granada, died. His al-Muwafaqat is the most important work on the objectives and purposes of Islamic law.
Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, a major hadith expert, died in Damascus. His Jami al-Ulum wal-Hikam is an expanded commentary on Nawawi's Forty Hadith.
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Khaldun, the father of sociology and historiography, died in Cairo. His Muqaddimah introduced the concept of asabiyyah (social cohesion), anal
Ibn al-Jazari, the greatest authority on Quranic recitation, died in Shiraz. His an-Nashr fil-Qira'at al-Ashr is the definitive work on the ten canonical readin
Imam Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, known as Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith (Commander of the Faithful in Hadith), died in Cairo. His Fath al-Bari, the mos
Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti, one of the most prolific scholars in Islamic history, died in Cairo. He authored over 500 works on hadith, tafsir, fiqh, Arabic language
Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, one of the most prolific scholars in Islamic history with over 500 works, died in Cairo. His al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran is the most compr
Shah Waliullah of Delhi, one of the most influential Islamic scholars of the 18th century, died. His intellectual legacy shaped numerous reform movements in Sou
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the reformist scholar of Najd, died. His call to return to pure monotheism and reject practices he considered innovations shaped the
Muhammad Iqbal, the poet-philosopher considered the spiritual father of Pakistan, died in Lahore. His poetry inspired Muslims across South Asia.
...outh of Paradise.' Hassan briefly became caliph after Ali's death but ceded power to Muawiyah, uniting the Muslim ummah and f...
Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia from 1953 until his death. A descendant of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and teacher of ...
...r biographical history organized chronologically by year of death.
...t at Dar al-Arqam and served the Muslim community until his death on 18 July 2025. One of the foremost Muslim intellectuals t...
... angel responsible for taking the souls of all creatures at death, mentioned in the Quran as 'Malak al-Mawt' (the Angel of De...
...and chief of the Quraysh, who raised him after his mother's death.
...ked the Prophet as 'abtar' (without legacy) after his sons' deaths were answered by Surah al-Kawthar.
... in 8 AH. Died as an infant at 18 months. On the day of his death a solar eclipse occurred; the Prophet clarified it was a si...
...he was the Ansar's candidate for caliph after the Prophet's death but Abu Bakr was chosen. He emigrated to Syria where he die...
Daughter of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, born after the Prophet's death (hence a Tabi'iyyah, not a Sahabiyah). She married Talha ib...
...and later became a passionate preacher. After the Prophet's death, he was instrumental in suppressing the Riddah (apostasy) i...
...attle of al-Qadisiyyah (15-16 AH), where he was killed. His death effectively ended organized Persian military resistance and...
...alamah (who later married the Prophet ﷺ after Abu Salamah's death). He died from wounds received at the Battle of Uhud.
...e Prophet ﷺ wept over him and kissed his forehead after his death.
...panion who raised the Prophet ﷺ as if her own son after the death of his mother Aminah. She accepted Islam early and emigrate...
...ng of the 'Penitents' (Tawwabun) to avenge Husayn ibn Ali's death, seizing control of Kufa in 66 AH. He claimed to act on beh...
...ypes of martyrdom besides being killed in battle, including death by plague, a hadith of major importance in Islamic jurispru...
...aysh and crucified near Makkah, his serenity in the face of death, his two-rakat prayer before execution, and his final words...
...ab's son. He was martyred at Bi'r Ma'unah (4 AH). After his death, Allah sent swarms of hornets to protect his body from enem...
...husband of Sumayyah; father of Ammar ibn Yasir; tortured to death for refusing to leave Islam.
A contemporary Islamic author known for Life After Death, presenting Islamic teachings on the hereafter based on Qur...
...bi'i who traveled to meet the Prophet but arrived after his death, and subsequently became one of the major transmitters from...
...'i tradition. An-Nawawi completed only a portion before his death, but the existing volumes are encyclopedic in scope, discus...
...est connected narrative of the Prophet's life from birth to death.
...et. It covers from pre-Islamic Arabia through the Prophet's death.
...scholarly precision with elegant prose, providing birth and death dates, lineage, scholarly achievements, and memorable anecd...
...pic in Islam. Collected and organized by scholars after his death, this 37-volume work covers creed, worship, jurisprudence, ...
...for its literary elegance and careful attention to dates of death and historical accuracy.
By Ibn Khallikan. One of the most important biographical dictionaries in Arabic literature, covering approximately 865 notable figures from all fields: scholars
...before the major resurrection, the nature of the soul after death, trials of the grave, and Barzakh.
... of Islamic belief in the hereafter covering the soul after death, the questioning in the grave, resurrection, and the Day of...
...prehensive guide to Islamic rulings and practices regarding death, dying, and burial.
By
The communal obligation of praying over the deceased: its method, conditions, and rulings across the madhabs.
The intermediate realm: the questioning in the grave, the punishment and bliss of barzakh, and the soul's journey.
The Islamic teachings on preparing for death, the etiquette of visiting the sick, the rights of the dyin...
... and the leader who preserved the ummah after the Prophet's death.
The Islamic waiting period for women after divorce or the death of a husband, its wisdom, and detailed rulings.
What happens after death and before resurrection: the questioning by the angels, and...
The Islamic teaching on keeping death in one's consciousness as a means of spiritual awakening an...
The events of the Prophet's final illness, his last words and instructions, Abu Bakr's address to the grieving community, and the succession to the caliphate.
The wars of apostasy after the Prophet's death, Abu Bakr's decisive leadership, the campaigns against fals...
How Islam provides a framework for coping with the death of loved ones, the permissibility of crying, the prohibitio...
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...ed his own school, though it did not survive long after his death due to lack of students to carry it forward. He is primaril...
... shirk, particularly invoking the Imams in du'a after their deaths.
...e Quran was corrupted by the Companions after the Prophet's death. Distinguished from ordinary Shia by three defining positio...